張秉權. / 論文(博士)--香港中文大學, 1999. / 參考文獻 (p. i-xvi) / 中英文摘要. / Available also through the Internet via Dissertations & theses @ Chinese University of Hong Kong. / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Zhang Bingquan. / Lun wen (bo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 1999. / Can kao wen xian (p. i-xvi) / Zhong Ying wen zhai yao.

本文以清代宮廷演劇制度的完善與興替、宮廷大戲《昭代簫韶》的創作與演出為中心，探討其中帝王性情、意識形態的投射與帝國形象的建構；試圖對宮廷演劇繁盛與變遷的原因、《昭代簫韶》文本與演出的意涵、宮廷與民間演劇的交流與影響等問題，作出新的解釋。 / 現有研究強調清朝帝后喜好戲曲娛樂、宮廷舞臺壯麗輝煌，以及晚清宮廷演劇變革等等。本文認為，清代宮廷演劇實有更多豐富的內涵有待更深入的研討。帝后的倡導及參與，自是推動清代宮廷演劇繁盛的重要原因，但在滿足帝后娛樂的同時，宮廷演劇也用於朝廷儀典；戲曲教化與國家儀式的功能相互結合。 / 清代宮廷演劇，在元明清雜劇傳奇及亂彈之外，還有適應現實需要而奉旨編演的大戲與節戲。宮廷大戲，規模龐大，情節複雜，排場繁縟，在中國戲曲史上十分獨特。創作於乾嘉之際的《昭代簫韶》，取材於明代演義小說《北宋志傳》，鋪寫楊家將輔宋抗遼事。通過特定情節與人物穿戴，《昭代簫韶》參與了清代正統華夷的論述，並含有重評歷史與訓諭臣民的深意。此部大戲將褒忠誅奸的昇仙入地與軍陣鬥法的神道描寫，與觀劇現場的君臣秩序相結合，形成舞臺上、下戲曲與現實的呼應，道德教化寓意明顯。 / 本文對清代宮廷演劇制度變遷與宮廷大戲《昭代簫韶》演出史的考察，還特別關注戲曲在宮廷與民間的流動與影響。尤其是外學伶人進入與退出宮廷，使得宮廷伶人的規模與組成發生改變，這不僅影響到大戲的演出形式與藝術呈現，也使得宮廷演劇處於對外開放與吸收融合的狀態。清代戲劇便在宮廷、文人與民間三方面，均臻繁盛。 / Theatrical performance played an important role in the Qing court culture. This thesis discusses the evolution and change of the court theatre institution throughout the Qing Dynasty. In the contexts of court entertainment, political activities and cultural policy, the creation and performance history of the grand theatre piece, Zhaodai xiaoshao, or The Glorious Music of a Brilliant Age, from the Qianlong-Jiaqing to the Guangxu period serve as an adequate example. In this case study, we can explore the nature of the Qing emperors and Empress Dowager Cixi, state ideology and the construction of the Empire’s image. / Most existing research in Qing court drama and theatre focuses on the Qing emperors’ great passion for theatre, the three-tiered grand stage in the imperial palace and the wealth of props and costumes, as well as the repertoire change in the late Qing, especially the formation and development of Jingju or Peking Opera. This thesis arguesthat given its rich contents and relevant contexts, the Qing court theatre deserves far more research both in breadth and in depth. The participation of the imperial power undoubtedly promoted court theatre. Theatrical performances at court became not only private entertainment for the imperial family; they also appeared in state ceremonies with special ritual significance. In addition, the grand plays like the 240-scened Glorious Music of a Brilliant Age projected the images and instructions of the emperorsto enlighten the subjects, for particular needs in political circumstances. / The Glorious Music of a Brilliant Age was based on the story of the Yang Family Generals in the Northern Song Dynasty. Usingthe concept of destiny, the grand play established the plot in which Song defeated Liao and the Taizong of Song completed the unification of the Hans and non-Hans. This is not the real history. However, the play reflected the transition from the early Qing of the northern ethnic-group regime to the mid-Qing of the unified Chinese dynasty. It showed the Manchu emperors’ intent to construct a political orthodox position for their empire. Through the specific costumesof its characters, this history play revealed the ethnic and identity issues among the audience in the Qing court. It teaches the audience and later, readers to be loyal subjects. / In the performance history of The Glorious Music of a Brilliant Age, it is also important to note the institutional evolution of the court theatre, especially the folk actors flowing inside and outside the court. These actors’ movement created opportunities for exchange between the court theatre and the public theatre. For instance, during the Hundred Days Reform, Zhaodai xiaoshao was adapted from its original Kun-Yi music to the Pihuang music under the command of the Empress Dowager Cixi to be performed by the eunuch actors and famous celebrities from the capital theatre. The adaptation and performances of this play, when closely examined, expressed the "ideal" parent-child and monarch-subject relationship which the Empress desired Emperor Guangxu to observe, given the reality of tension between the two at that time. In other words, the performances at court theatre often serve the political purpose of communication, indoctrination, as well as integration. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / 胡光明. / Thesis (Ph.D.) Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2014. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 255-281). / Abstracts also in English. / Hu Guangming.

Thesis (M.A. (English Studies)) --University of Limpopo, 2018 / The purpose of this study was to examine South Africa’s Post-Apartheid contemporary drama. Three dramas were used in order to examine three primary themes namely morality, corruption and class - the selected plays were John Kani’s Nothing but the Truth, Zakes Mda’s Our Lady of Benoni and Mike van Graan’s Some Mother’s Sons. The ideology carried out in this study was that there is a possible reinvention of Apartheid issues in Post-Apartheid South African drama, exchanging themes of protest and race for morality and corruption, while reflecting real events in the works of playwrights. Also, the study aimed at finding out whether there are connections between class issues and morality as presented in the selected plays. The study found that there is indeed a reinvention of Apartheid issues in Post-Apartheid South Africa, and that there are connections between class issues and morality, including corruption. Lastly, the study concluded that the current South Africa requires a serious intervention regarding moral regeneration as reflected in the selected plays.

The focus of this thesis is contemporary Polish playwriting after Poland's accession to the European Union in 2004. From a broad reading of plays by many new writers, four playwrights were selected for study on the basis of prominence and artistic merit: Pawel Demirski, Dorota Maslowska, Malgorzata Sikorska-Miszczuk and Przemys law Wojcieszek. Their plays were studied as texts and in performance, and twelve main plays became the focus of closer analysis. The thesis identifies and examines three major concurrent themes in the works of these playwrights. Remembering versus forgetting the past is discussed through the lens of selected aspects of memory studies, including Nora's lieux de mémoire, Hirsch's postmemory and Assman's mnemohistory. The playwrights are shown to share an endorsement of the de-politicisation of collective memory and to advocate a cessation of the passing down of trauma to post-war generations. The human body is highlighted as another concurrent thematic concern and is illuminated by certain tenets of Catholic doctrine as well as Merleau-Ponty's phenomenology. The playwrights' rejection of the tabooisation of the body is demonstrated and the shared notion of the body as both sentient and unifying is exemplified. Social marginalisation is examined as the final concern, with an emphasis on the notion of the 'other', particularly in relation to socio-economic status, sexuality, and religious beliefs. The plays are shown to support and promote a rejection of the myth of homogeneity in favour of openness to diversity. Major dramatic techniques are then closely examined. It is demonstrated that the plays share traits with Lehmann's theory of postdramatic theatre, including a rejection of Aristotelian unities. Key commonalities are evidenced, particularly comedy, bad language, intertextualities with the outside world, and an engagement with Polish social realities. The playwrights' approach to the spectator as a socio-political being is shown to be of paramount importance.

The main aim of the study is to make a historical-biographical analysis of four selected Northern Sotho dramatic texts. Chapter one illustrates that the texts we have selected are historical dramas since they deal with the life histories of historical characters. In order to comprehend these texts, it is important to view them as evidence of oral history. The chapter also discusses the approach used by Fleischman which consists of the following parameters: authenticity, intention, reception, social function, narrative syntax and finally narrator involvement. Chapter two discusses the play Marangrang as a reflection of the consequences of Shaka's imperialism and how this affected the Eastern Transvaal in 1820. The chapter illustrates that in order to understand the life history of Marangrang, it is important to discuss it in relation to this period, popularly known as difaqane. It is clear that information about Marangrang has been deliberately distorted because of fear. Chapter three deals with the destructive consequences of Western religion on the traditional African religion. The chapter is based on the life history of Kgasane, who was murdered in 1884, allegedly for his devotion to Christianity. The chapter shows the importance of the need to make a re-interpretation of missionary writings, specifically those surrounding the Berlin Mission Society in South Africa. Chapter four focuses on the role of formal education in the destruction of the Bakgaga ba GaMphahlele history. The chapter is based on the life history of Kgosi Mmutle Ill in bringing formal education to the people of Mphahlele and how this destroyed certain traditional institutions such as chieftainship. Chapter five deals with the problems experienced by mineworkers and also shows the sufferings of Africans at the hands of the government. The chapter is based on the life of Serogole Mathobela, who once worked in the mine. Chapter six is a conclusion where the findings of the previous chapters are made. The reasons why the authors of these texts suspended certain information while highlighting other information varies from fear to propaganda. In conclusion, it is observed that in order to do justice to oral history more financial support is needed. / African Languages / D.Litt. et Phil. (African Languages)

The aim of this research is to investigate cultural conflicts in Northern Sotho dramas. At the beginning of the work, reasons for the choice of the topic are given, and thereafter, the methodology to be adopted in analysing the plays is outlined. Various factors considered to be contributory to the acculturation of traditional Africans are discussed. Throughout this study, traditionalists oppose westernised Africans because of strange norms and practices they have adopted. The two parties disagree on issues like arranged marriage, remarriage and leadership. Christianity features prominently as the basic cause of conflict. Modernists oppose traditional practices on the ground that they are not in conformity with Christian principles. The plays are compared to determine how each playwright has attempted to resolve conflicts in his respective play. The study ends with a comment on findings where traditionalism, being a common enemy in the three plays, is overridden by modernity. / African Languages / M.A. (African Languages)

Orientador: Orna Messer Levin / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T19:44:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Neves_LarissadeOliveira_D.pdf: 1851711 bytes, checksum: 1f542627366a2a228a52f431f03ca254 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: Nesta tese analisamos nove comédias de Artur Azevedo, escritas entre 1897 e 1908: ACapital Federal, O Badejo, O Retrato a Óleo, A Fonte Castália, O Mambembe, O Dote, O Oráculo, O Cordão e Vida e Morte. Estudamos as peças a partir da análise da recepção de crítica e de público obtida por elas em suas primeiras representações, somada às concepções teóricas do autor, a fim de sublinhar sua relevância para o período em que foram escritas e de iluminar o conhecimento sobre a personalidade intelectual de Artur Azevedo. Em especial, nosso trabalho voltou-se para a relação do comediógrafo com os espectadores para os quais elaborou cada comédia, porque constatamos que a compreensão de sua dramaturgia centra-se nesse relacionamento. Refletimos sobre os elementos literários e teatrais (aspectos formais, construção das personagens, linguagem, enredos), a fim de comprovar o valor estético e a perenidade de alguns textos, assim como os problemas estruturais de outros. Verificamos que os elementos textuais também receberam interferência do gosto do público, o que enfatiza o caráter de Artur Azevedo como homem de teatro, não apenas como dramaturgo / Abstract: In this thesis we study nine of Artur Azevedo¿s comedies, written between 1897 and 1908: A Capital Federal, O Badejo, O Retrato a Óleo, A Fonte Castália, O Mambembe, O Dote, O Oráculo, O Cordão and Vida e Morte. We examined the reception of the plays¿ first presentations and Artur Azevedo¿s ideas to base our research, in order to emphasize it¿s importance in the historical period and to enlighten the knowledge about the author¿s intellectual personality. In especial, our work was directed to the relation between the writer and the spectators towards whom he created each comedie, because we ascertained that the comprehension of his dramaturgy is centered in this relationship. We studied the literary and theatrical elements (composition, language, characters, plot) of the plays with the purpose of assuring the esthetical value of some texts, as well as the structural problems of others. We verified that the text elements received interference from the audience¿s taste, which emphasizes the aspect of Artur Azevedo¿s character as a man of theater, not only a playwright / Doutorado / Literatura Brasileira / Doutor em Teoria e História Literária

Orientador: Eric Mitchell Sabinson / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T09:24:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Santana_EstherMarinho_M.pdf: 1164656 bytes, checksum: 9d5b6222693152234eb1dcde8e765daa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: Considerado um dos títulos mais controversos e enigmáticos do teatro moderno norte-americano, Tiny Alice (1964-5) traz a jornada do lay brother Julian do início de seu envolvimento com Miss Alice, uma benfeitora que doará milhões para a Igreja Católica, até sua morte, um sacrifício à divindade Alice. Escrutinando as configurações da linguagem verbal e dos elementos simbólicos da peça, o presente trabalho propõe como motivos centrais da obra a demonstração da limitação da palavra para pavimentar a metafísica e a exposição da artificialidade irreversível das crenças religiosas. A despeito do tratamento questionador conferido ao verbo, retratado, pois, como ambíguo, ineficiente e falseador, Tiny Alice não o desacredita e nem tampouco o invalida como mecanismo de representação ou avaliação. Ao contrário, termina por afirmar seu poder elucidador. Em via análoga, embora sugira a impossibilidade da transcendência final dos microcosmos, permite que Julian, impulsionado pela verborragia, chegue ao macrocosmo. A investigação analisa também as personagens e suas motivações e movimentos para além do âmbito da palavra, segundo intertextualidades com sujeitos e circunstâncias de outras obras do cânone albeeano, tais como The Zoo Story (1959-60), Who¿s Afraid of Virginia Woolf? (1962), Box / Quotations From Chairman Mao Tse-Tung (1968) e The Man Who Had Three Arms (1983). Por fim, confere importância fundamental ao monólogo final de Julian, não raro compreendido pela crítica como ilógico e absurdo. Conquanto repleto de autorreferencialidades instáveis, menções a eventos de temporalidades díspares, interlocutores distintos e empréstimos literários diversos, tal discurso é compreendido pelo estudo como plenamente coerente, revelador e eficiente na transmissão da argumentação geral da peça, e, ainda, na celebração do ofício literário / Abstract: Reputed as one of the most controversial and enigmatic works in modern North American theatre, Tiny Alice (1964-5) comprises lay brother Julian¿s journey from the beginning of his involvement with Miss Alice, a benefactor who will donate millions to the Catholic Church, to his death as a sacrifice to the divinity Alice. By examining both linguistic and symbolic configurations of the play, this study identifies as its central motives the demonstration of verbal language¿s restrictiveness to command metaphysics, and the exposure of religious beliefs¿ irrevocable artificiality. Notwithstanding the critical treatment consecrated to the linguistic system, depicted as ambiguous, inefficient and delusory, Tiny Alice neither discredits nor invalidates it as a mechanism for analysis and representation. In fact, the play affirms the clarifying power of verbal language. Similarly, although postulating the impossibility of transcendence in microcosms, it allows Julian to reach the macrocosm propelled by verbosity. This investigation also examines the characters and their motivations and actions outside the linguistic domain, according to intertextualities between the play and other titles from the albeean canon, such as The Zoo Story (1959-60), Who¿s Afraid of Virginia Woolf? (1962), Box / Quotations From Chairman Mao Tse-Tung (1968) and The Man Who Had Three Arms (1983). Finally, it dedicates utmost importance to Julian¿s final monologue, frequently labeled as ilogical and absurd by critics. Replete with unstable self-reference, mentions of events based on dissimilar temporalities, different interlocutors and several literary borrowings, the final speech is nevertheless considered by the study as entirely coherent, revealing and efficient in showing the overall significance of the play, as well as in celebrating literary craft / Mestrado / Teoria e Critica Literaria / Mestra em Teoria e História Literária

In order to contribute to the body of work on Bolingbroke and on Shakespeare's development of character, this thesis examines various rhetorical and stylistic methods used by Shakespeare in his creation of the character of Henry Bolingbroke.

M.E.R. Mathivha Centre for Languages, Arts and Culture / MAAS