Le détachement dans le cadre d’une prestation de services est au cœur d’enjeux socio-économiques. La liberté de prestation de services permet aux entreprises établies dans un État membre de l’Union européenne de fournir des services dans d’autres États membres. L’opération de détachement permet à l’entreprise d’affecter ses travailleurs à la réalisation de la prestation de services. Cette opération économique présente des intérêts et des enjeux incontestables pour les travailleurs détachés, pour l’État d’envoi et l’État d’accueil. La libre prestation de services est essentielle au bon fonctionnement du marché intérieur, elle contribue indéniablement à la croissance économique. Le détachement de travailleurs pose la problématique de la protection offerte à ces travailleurs. En effet, l’opération de détachement présente des risques de concurrence entre les travailleurs, de fraude et de dumping social. La protection des travailleurs détachés prévue par la directive « détachement » présente des limites. Des dysfonctionnements majeurs ont été recensés, notamment les sources de protection, les contours de la protection, l’effectivité de la directive et les mesures de contrôle. La directive 96/71 a pour objectif principal de garantir la libre prestation de services. Elle organise le cadre légal des règles applicables au détachement de travailleur avec une dualité de règles. Ce cadre prévoit l’application des règles de l’État d’accueil avec le « noyau dur » de protection et les règles de l’État d’envoi pour les éléments hors du noyau dur. Cette dualité de règles s’est avérée insuffisante et problématique dans certaines situations. La directive « détachement » a été consolidée par la directive d’exécution qui est entrée en vigueur le 28 mai 2014 et dont la transposition a été prévue au plus tard le 18 juin 2016. Celle-ci a pour objectif de renforcer la protection du travailleur détaché, c’est une avancée majeure en matière de détachement, notamment en matière de contrôle de l’application de la directive détachement, de responsabilité du sous-traitant dans le cadre d’une prestation de services, de coopération entre les États membres. La Commission européenne a présenté, le 8 mars 2016, une proposition de directive destinée à mieux définir les conditions de mise en œuvre du détachement des travailleurs. Le détachement nous interroge sur la construction européenne. Précisément, quel avenir pour l’Europe ? / Secondment as part of the delivery of services is key to socioeconomic challenges. The freedom to provide services enables companies which are established in a Member State of the European Union to provide services to other Member States. Secondment allows companies to assign their workers to tasks involving the provision of services. This economic operation offers undisputed benefits and challenges for the seconded workers, the State sending them, and the State receiving them. Freedom to provide services is essential to the proper functioning of the internal market, and it also makes an undeniable contribution to economic growth. The secondment of workers raises the issue of how to protect these workers. Indeed it throws up the risk of competition between workers, fraud and social dumping. The protection received by seconded workers under the “secondment” directive is limited. Major dysfunctions have been identified, particularly with regards to sources of protection, the outlines of this protection, the effectiveness of the directive and the measures used to verify it. The main objective of Directive 96/71 is to guarantee the freedom to provide services. It sets out the legal framework for the rules that apply to the posting of workers with two sets of regulations. This framework enables the application of the regulations of the host State for “core” protection and the regulations of the State which receives the workers for any elements that fall outside the core. This duality of regulations has proved insufficient and problematic in some situations. The “secondment” directive was consolidated by the executive directive which came into effect on 28 May 2014 but is to be transposed by 18 June 2016 at the latest. The aim is to increase the protection of seconded workers, which is a major step forward for secondment, in particular with regard to applying the secondment directive, the responsibility of the subcontractor when providing services and cooperation between the Member States. On March 8th, 2016, the European commission presented a directive proposition aimed at defining the conditions of implementation of workers secondment in a better way. Secondment raises questions about how Europe is constructed. More specifically, what does the future look like for Europe?

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T10:47:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ADRIANA FERREIRA DE PAULA.pdf: 928519 bytes, checksum: 9a65c99bb9020bc76d02e1c5a377e843 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-10-31 / The subject under study is about the legal form of collective social dumping and moral damages in labor relations, as a tool against the repeated violations of labor rights in Brazil. The issue that prompted the study: a) How the Labor Court understands, conceptualizes, and interprets the social dumping collective moral damage? b) What foundation do you use? c) How the Labour Court is judging social dumping and collective moral damage? What criteria are used in these trials? d) What are the situations that cause the condemnation of social dumping and collective moral damage? e) How the Labor Court awoke to social dumping and collective moral damage? Doctrines that have caused attention to the subject? The study aims to analyze decisions of the Labour Court and doctrines of social dumping and collective moral damage in order to understand the process of trial and conviction of employers who flout labor laws and mass repeatedly. The study was conducted in two distinct and complementary moments. In the first, he took advantage of literature in order to seek greater theoretical depth and conceptual background. In the second, we focused on the research field characterized by data collection and case law on the subject under study. The research result is that the configuration of social dumping and collective moral damages in employment law is at the stage of study and discussion, because the concepts are not consolidated. / O tema em estudo versa sobre a configuração jurídica do dano moral coletivo e dumping social nas relações de trabalho, como instrumento de combate as violações reiteradas dos direitos trabalhistas, no Brasil. A problemática que instigou o estudo: a) Como a Justiça do Trabalho entende, conceitua, interpreta o dumping social e dano moral coletivo? b) Qual embasamento utiliza? c) Como a Justiça do Trabalho está julgando o dumping social e dano moral coletivo? Quais critérios são utilizados nesses julgamentos? d) Quais são as situações que ensejam a condenação por dumping social e dano moral coletivo? e) Como a Justiça do Trabalho despertou-se para o dumping social e dano moral coletivo? Que doutrinas provocaram a atenção para o assunto? O estudo objetiva analisar decisões da Justiça do Trabalho e doutrinas sobre o dumping social e dano moral coletivo a fim de compreender o processo de julgamento e condenação de empregadores que desrespeitam a legislação trabalhista em massa e de forma reiterada. O trabalho foi realizado em dois momentos distintos e complementares. No primeiro, valeu-se da pesquisa bibliográfica com a finalidade de buscar maior aprofundamento teórico e embasamento conceitual. No segundo, privilegiou-se a pesquisa de campo caracterizada pelo levantamento de dados e jurisprudências sobre o tema em estudo. O resultado da pesquisa é de que a configuração do dumping social e dano moral coletivo no direito do trabalho está no estágio de estudos e discussão, pois os conceitos não estão consolidados.

A presente dissertação tem por escopo indicar o cenário legislativo, econômico e fático atual acerca do trabalho análogo ao de escravo e o dumping social na indústria da moda, no estado de São Paulo, discorrendo, ainda, sobre temas conexos, a exemplo do tráfico de pessoas. Visa, ainda, discutir acerca da constitucionalidade de leis e portarias interministeriais que regulamentam o tema e analisar casos práticos em que se identificou e buscou cessar o trabalho análogo ao de escravo na indústria da moda. A pesquisa foi realizada através de fontes bibliográficas, documentais, entrevistas e pesquisa de campo. / This dissertations scope is to indicate the legislative, economic and factual current scenario regarding the analog to slave labor and social dumping in the fashion industry, in the state of São Paulo, also discoursing on related issues, such as peoples trafficking. It also aims to discuss the constitutionality of laws and joint ministerial ordinances regulating the issue and examine case studies that identified and sought to terminate the analog to slave labor in the fashion industry. The survey was conducted through literature sources, documentary, interviews and field research.

A presente dissertação tem por escopo indicar o cenário legislativo, econômico e fático atual acerca do trabalho análogo ao de escravo e o dumping social na indústria da moda, no estado de São Paulo, discorrendo, ainda, sobre temas conexos, a exemplo do tráfico de pessoas. Visa, ainda, discutir acerca da constitucionalidade de leis e portarias interministeriais que regulamentam o tema e analisar casos práticos em que se identificou e buscou cessar o trabalho análogo ao de escravo na indústria da moda. A pesquisa foi realizada através de fontes bibliográficas, documentais, entrevistas e pesquisa de campo. / This dissertations scope is to indicate the legislative, economic and factual current scenario regarding the analog to slave labor and social dumping in the fashion industry, in the state of São Paulo, also discoursing on related issues, such as peoples trafficking. It also aims to discuss the constitutionality of laws and joint ministerial ordinances regulating the issue and examine case studies that identified and sought to terminate the analog to slave labor in the fashion industry. The survey was conducted through literature sources, documentary, interviews and field research.

This contribution analyzes the role fulfilled by International Labor Standards and, specifically, by social clauses in Free Trade Conventions and Agreements, as a way of preventing social dumping and building a social dimension in the globalization and regionalization of economy. The author offers the case of the MERCOSUR Labor and Social Declaration, issued in 2015, which amends that of the year 1998, studying its contents, legal efficacy and supervision mechanisms. He emphasizes the fact that social charters generally limit themselves to recognizing fundamental or basic labor rights already found in the legislation of the member countries, but which are nonetheless useful for hindering attempts to deregulate or relax social and labor provisions. / En la presente contribución, se analiza el rol que cumplen las Normas Internacionales del Trabajo y en particular las cláusulas sociales en los Tratados y Acuerdos de Libre Comercio, como forma de evitar el dumping social y c onstruir u na d imensión s ocial e n l a g lobalización, mundialización y regionalización de la economía. El autor expone el caso de la Declaración Social Laboral del MERCOSUR, aprobada en el 2015, que revisa la sancionada en el año 1998, estudiando su contenido, su eficacia jurídica y los mecanismos de contralor. Destaca que las Cartas sociales generalmente se limitan a reconocer derechos laborales fundamentales o básicos que ya se encuentran contemplados en los ordenamientos de los países que se integran, pero que igualmente sirven para poner un freno alos intentos de desregular o flexibilizar la normativa socio-laboral.