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Fluid-structure interaction of submerged shellsRandall, Richard John January 1990 (has links)
A general three-dimensional hydroelasticity theory for the evaluation of responses has been adapted to formulate hydrodynamic coefficients for submerged shell-type structures. The derivation of the theory has been presented and is placed in context with other methods of analysis. The ability of this form of analysis to offer an insight into the physical behaviour of practical systems is demonstrated. The influence of external boundaries and fluid viscosity was considered separately using a flexible cylinder as the model. When the surrounding fluid is water, viscosity was assessed to be significant for slender structural members and flexible pipes and in situations where the clearance to an outer casing was slight. To validate the three-dimensional hydroelasticity theory, predictions of resonance frequencies and mode shapes were compared, with measured data from trials undertaken in enclosed tanks. These data exhibited differences due to the position of the test structures in relation to free and fixed boundaries. The rationale of the testing programme and practical considerations of instrumentation, capture and storage of data are described in detail. At first sight a relatively unsophisticated analytical method appeared to offer better correlation with the measured data than the hydroelastic solution. This impression was mistaken, the agreement was merely fortuitous as only the hydroelastic approach is capable of reproducing-the trends recorded in the experiments. The significance of an accurate dynamic analysis using finite elements and the influence of physical factors such as buoyancy on the predicted results are also examined.
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Dynamic And Steady-state Analysis Of Oxidative Dehydrogenation Of EthaneKaramullaoglu, Gulsun 01 July 2005 (has links) (PDF)
In this research, oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane to ethylene was studied over Cr-O and Cr-V-O mixed oxide catalysts through steady-state and dynamic experiments. The catalysts were prepared by the complexation method. By XRD, presence of Cr2O3 phase in Cr-O / and the small Cr2O3 and V2O4 phases of Cr-V-O were revealed. In H2-TPR, both catalysts showed reduction behaviour. From XPS the likely presence of Cr+6 on fresh Cr-O was found. On Cr-V-O, the possible reduction of V+5 and Cr+6 forms of the fresh
sample to V+4, V+3 and Cr+3 states by TPR was discovered through XPS. With an O2/C2H6 feed ratio of 0.17, Cr-O exhibited the highest total conversion value of about 0.20 at 447° / C with an ethylene selectivity of 0.82. Maximum ethylene selectivity with Cr-O was obtained as 0.91 at 250° / C. An ethylene selectivity of 0.93 was reached with the Cr-V-O at 400° / C. In the experiments performed by using CO2 as the mild oxidant, a yield value of 0.15 was achieved at 449° / C on Cr-O catalyst. In dynamic experiments performed over Cr-O, with C2H6 pulses injected into O2-He flow, the possible occurrence of two reaction sites for the formation of CO2 and H2O was detected. By Gaussian fits to H2O curves, the presence of at least three production ways was thought to be probable.
Different from Cr-O, no CO2 formation was observed on Cr-V-O during pulsing C2H6 to O2-He flow. In the runs performed by O2 pulses into C2H6-He flow over Cr-V-O, formation of CO rather than C2H4 was favored.
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Instrumented Monitoring And Dynamic Testing Of Metu Cable Stayed Pedestrian Bridge And Comparisons Against The Analytical Model SimulationsOzerkan, Taner 01 July 2005 (has links) (PDF)
This study includes structural instrumentation and monitoring of a 48.5 meters long cable-stayed pedestrian bridge located on EskiSehir road near METU campus. The objectives of the study are (1) to monitor the bridge responses during erection and operation stages so that the strain changes are determined during important events such as transportation, lifting, cabling, mid-support removal, slab concrete pouring and tile placement, (2) to determine existing cable forces using vibration frequencies, and (3) comparison of the experimental and analytical results for model updating.
A total of 10 vibrating wire type strain gages were used for strain readings in steel members. The readings are taken at various stages of construction at every 10 to 30 minutes intervals. The bridge responses were monitored about three months and large strain changes in the order of 300 to 500 micro-strain were recorded during important events (e.g., transportation, lifting, cabling, mid-support removal, deck cover placement).
The deck and tower natural vibration frequency measurements are conducted in two main directions. Two different FE models are constructed using two levels of complexity. FEM analysis results are compared against measured natural frequencies of the bridge and tower.
Simplistic analytical model is modified to include temporary support removal in order to perform staged construction simulation and investigate cable force variations. Actual cable tensile forces are obtained using measured cable natural vibration frequencies. The cable frequencies are measured using a CR10X data logger and a PCB 393C accelerometer. Existing cable forces are compared against analytical simulations and symmetrically placed cables
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Identification and Development of a Model of Railway Track Dynamic BehaviourSteffens, David Martyn January 2005 (has links)
The research presented in this thesis has identified and developed a sophisticated computer model for the analysis of railway track dynamic behaviour to be used by the Rail Cooperative Research Centre for Railway Engineering and Technologies (Rail CRC) in Australia. To be competitive railway track owners need to extract as much performance as possible from their asset without serviceability or catastrophic failure. Railway track designers therefore need to develop more knowledge of the static and dynamic loadings that track may be subjected to in its lifetime. This would be best undertaken using computer modelling capable of quantifying the effects of train speed, traffic mix, wheel impact loading and distribution of vehicle loads into the track. A comprehensive set of criteria for the selection of a model of track dynamic behaviour was developed. An international review of state-of-the-art models which represented the railway track structure under the loading of a passing train was undertaken. The models' capabilities were assessed and a number of potential models identified. A benchmark test was initiated to compare current models available throughout the international railway research community. This unique benchmark test engaged six researchers to compare their railway track models using a set of theoretical vehicle and track data. The benchmark results showed that significantly different results may be obtained by models, depending on the assumptions of the user in representing a particular track scenario. Differing complexities and modelling methods, the number of different input parameters required and the representation of the irregularities in the wheel and rail all have effect on the results produced. As a result of these initiatives, the DARTS (Dynamic Analysis of Rail Track Structures) computer model was chosen for use by the Rail CRC. A user-friendly interface was created for DARTS by the writer, which was readily interpretable by railway design engineers. At the time of writing, DARTS was found to be suitable for detailed investigations planned by the Rail CRC for future research and was provided for use through an Intellectual Property agreement with its author.
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Seismic performance of reinforced concrete frames.Kashyap, Jaya January 2009 (has links)
Many intra-tectonic plate regions are considered to have low to moderate seismic risk. However, devastating earthquakes can occur in these regions and result in high consequences in terms of casualties and damage. Non-ductile detailing practice employed in these structures make them prone to potential damage and failure during an earthquake. Furthermore, the use of infill walls is a divisive issue as on positive side dual wall-frame systems have beneficial effects related to strength, stiffness, and ductility. However, if not designed properly infill wall can also lead to undesirable structural failures of complete wall frame system. Although, there has been significant amount of international research in this area, it is worth noting that very little research exists for Australian frames. This thesis presents the experimental and analytical research conducted at The University of Adelaide to gain some insight into the behaviour of typically detailed Australian reinforced concrete frames subjected to ground motions. The main objectives of this research were (1) to investigate the behaviour of non-seismically designed reinforced concrete frames under a 500-YRP earthquake; (2) to determine the different magnitudes of earthquake (YRP) that are likely to cause excessive drifts in or collapse of gravity-load-designed reinforced concrete frames and (3) to investigate the effect of infill walls on the moment-resisting frames subjected to seismic loads. The experimental program consisted of earthquake simulation tests on a 1/5 scale model of a 3-storey reinforced concrete frame and four ½-scale reinforced concrete brick infilled frame specimens subjected to quasi-static cyclic loading. The analytical study included static pushover and non-linear dynamic analyses of the 3-, 5- and 12-storey reinforced concrete frames. From the overall performance of gravity-load-designed bare reinforced concrete frames considered in this study, it was concluded that the non-seismically designed frames appear to be capable of resisting a “design magnitude earthquake” (i.e., 500- YRP) in low earthquake hazard regions. However, their behaviour under more severe earthquakes (e.g. a 2500-YRP earthquake) is questionable. Perhaps the earthquake design requirements should consider as an alternative the ‘collapse prevention’ limit state for longer return period earthquakes, of the order of 2000–2500-YRP. The experimental research on reinforced concrete infilled frame indicated that the infill wall does not adversely effect the in plane ultimate strength, stiffness, and ductility of the bare reinforced concrete frame. / http://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1372229 / Thesis (M.Eng.Sc.) - University of Adelaide, School of Civil, Environmental and Mining Engineering, 2009
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Worker Safety and Market DynamicsNorin, Anna January 2009 (has links)
No description available.
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Sobre a resposta estrutural dinâmica de uma torre estaiada de linha de transmissão submetida a ventos do tipo EPS / About the structural response of a guyed tower of transmission line under EPS windsTroian, Sandro Pieta January 2018 (has links)
Estruturas alteadas são fortemente afetadas pelas ações naturais, que são por sinal, as ações de maior complexidade na engenharia estrutural em função do grande número de variáveis envolvidas. O vento é uma destas ações e também uma das mais importantes em condições gerais. Em projeto, a ação do vento é normalmente considerada através das indicações normativas de cada país, que são, em função de sua complexidade, descritas na forma de métodos estático equivalentes, suficientes para maioria dos casos. Este critério não difere ao se tratar de linhas de transmissão, no entanto, grande parte das normas do mundo basearam-se no comportamento das torres autoportantes, mas que vêm sendo igualmente utilizadas em projetos de torres estaiadas. Por este motivo, se propõe a análise estatística de esforços de uma torre estaiada, modelada em conjunto com os demais componentes de uma linha de transmissão, de modo a compará-los aos resultados obtidos pelo método estático equivalente da IEC 60826 (IEC 2003). A hipótese de carregamento estudada é a ação transversal do vento na linha. Na simulação numérica, diversos campos aleatórios de velocidades são gerados, sendo as ações também calculadas pela formulação da norma IEC 60826. Os campos foram gerados por dois diferentes métodos, o método de Deodatis (1996) e método de Riera e Ambrosini (1992), ambos baseados no método de superposição de ondas. O espectro de velocidades utilizado neste trabalho é o espectro de Davenport. Apesar de saber da importância de outras fontes de não linearidades, foram consideradas neste trabalho: a não linearidade geométrica dos componentes, computada automaticamente com o uso do método de integração explícito por diferenças finitas centrais, e a não linearidade física dos cabos suspensos. Diferentes parâmetros de amortecimento foram testados para os componentes estruturais. Nos resultados é possível observar que a IEC 60826 mostrou-se suficiente na estimativa de esforços da maioria dos elementos analisados, no entanto, nas barras pertencentes ao mastro da torre verificaram-se valores normativos inferiores aos calculados pelo método numérico. Nestas barras, a diferença chegou a aproximadamente 22% pelo método de Deodatis (1996) e a 12% pelo método de Riera e Ambrosini (1992), ambos na configuração de menor amortecimento testada e para o intervalo de confiança de 98%. / High structures are strongly affected by natural loads, which are the most complexity loads in the structural engineering due the large number of variables involved. The wind is one of these actions and one of the most important in general conditions. In design, the action of wind is normally accounted through the country‟s standards indications which, due to its complexity, are usually descripted by equivalent static methods, enough in the most cases. This criterion does not differ for transmission lines, however, the most of standards in the world were based on the self-support towers behavior, but they are also being used for guyed towers design. Therefore, in this study is proposed a statistic analysis of internal forces in the guyed tower elements, modeled together with the other transmission lines components, in order to compare them with the results obtained by equivalent static method of IEC 60826 (IEC 2003). The load hypothesis is the across wind action. In the numerical simulation, several random velocity fields were generated, the actions being calculated by the formulation of IEC 60826 standard. The fields were generated by two different methods, the method of Deodatis (1996) and the method of Riera and Ambrosini (1992), both of them are based in the wave superimposition method. The power wind spectrum (PSD) used in this work is the Davenport‟s spectrum. Although knowing the importance of other nonlinearities, were considered in this work: the geometric non-linearity of all elements, which are automatically computed by explicitly integration method by central finite differences used, and the physic non-linearity of suspended cables. Different damping rates were considered for the structural components. In the results, it is possible to observe that the IEC 60826 was enough in the estimation of internal forces on the majority of elements analyzed, however, on the tower mast bars were verified normative values smaller than those obtained by numerical method. In these bars, the difference among analyses reached 22% by Deodatis (1996) method and 12% by Riera e Ambrosini (1992) method, both of them considering the lower tested damping configuration and the 98% confidence interval.
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Dynamická analýza pro hledání chyb endianity / Dynamic Analysis for Finding Endianity BugsKápl, Roman January 2018 (has links)
When two computer systems communicate, for example over a network, they must agree on the ordering of bytes within numbers. This ordering is called endianess. Often one of the systems has to swap the order of bytes to the agreed standard. Results of this work help programmers to find places in their program where they forgot to swap the bytes. We have developed a dynamic data-flow analysis built upon the popular Valgrind tool. Compared to the static analysis currently used by the Linux kernel developers, our approach does not require annotation of variables with their endianess. Typically only few places in the program source code will need to be annotated. The analysis can also detect potential bugs that would only manifest if the program was run on computer with opposite endianess. Our approach has been validated on an existing program known to contain yet unfixed endianess problems (RadeonSI OpenGL driver). It has identified all endianess-related bugs and provided useful diagnostic messages together with their location.
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[en] MODELING THE POST- SEISMIC BEHAVIOR OF A TAILING DAM / [pt] MODELAGEM DO COMPORTAMENTO PÓS-SISMO DE UMA BARRAGEM DE REJEITOFANNY HERRERA LOAYZA 14 October 2009 (has links)
[pt] Os danos causados em geo-estruturas devido à ação de carregamentos
dinâmicos gerados por terremotos não ocorrem necessariamente durante o evento,
tendo sido observado em campo que muitos acontecem após o término da
excitação. Esta dissertação tem como objetivo apresentar um fluxo de trabalho
que compreenda o estado da prática da avaliação completa de uma barragem
composta pelas análises estática, dinâmica e pós-sísmica. Para desenvolver a
metodologia de trabalho proposta, utilizou-se o programa FLAC, software
comercial de maior uso em análises dinâmicas detalhadas. A simulação neste
programa de diferenças finitas permitiu o aprendizado de suas potencialidades, a
aplicação de técnicas de modelagem e o conhecimento de suas limitações. A
estrutura destinada à aplicação foi uma barragem de contenção de rejeitos de
mineração localizada na Argentina. Os aspectos investigados compreendem a
análise estática e a determinação do estado permanente, que marca o estado incial
da etapa sísmica, a avaliação dinâmica e a análise de estabilidade pós-sismo. Na
avaliação dinâmica no FLAC foram estudadas as condições de contorno mais
adequadas aos requerimentos do problema. Também abrangeu-se a determinação
do tipo de amortecimento e seus respetivos parâmetros. Finalmente, estimou-se a
história no tempo de tensões, das velocidades e dos deslocamentos que compõem
o estado final logo ao término do sismo, com o qual foi efetuada a análise póssismo.
Analisou-se então a estabilidade do talude no mesmo programa. Em
paralelo, também foram executados procedimentos alternativos para a avaliação
pós-sismo, demonstrando, para a estrutura estudada, a importância e a praticidade
da modelagem completa no FLAC. / [en] The damages caused in geo-structures due to the action of dynamic loads
produced by earthquakes do not take place necessarily during the event, being
observed in the field that many of them happen after the end of the excitation.
Among the factors that contribute to this behavior can be mentioned the
generation and subsequent redistribution of porepressures, the action of erosive
phenomena (piping) in cracks created by the seism and, mainly, the loss of the
shear strength of the soil. For geo-structures located in zones of seismic activity,
the consideration of post-seismic analyses, such as the stability of dam slopes, is a
very important design requirement As for the estimate and distribution of the
porepressure values generated by the earthquake, a computational simulation of
the event is necessary, including the consideration of constitutive relations
formulated in terms of effective stresses to well represent the occurrence of shear
and volumetric strains of the soil and the possibility of the development of
dynamic liquefaction. In this thesis, which investigates the post-seismic behavior
of a tailing dam situated in Argentina, the numerical simulation of the dynamic
response of the structure has been obtained using the computational code FLAC
v.5, one of the most complete software nowadays available for analyses of
geotechnical problems. A description of the numerical procedures, the difficulties,
advantages and limitations in the use of FLAC will be discussed along this work.
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Rétro-ingénierie de programmes binaires en une exécution : une analyse dynamique légère basée au niveau des fonctions / Reverse-engineering of binaries in a single execution : a lightweight function-grained dynamic analysisGoër de Herve, Franck de 20 October 2017 (has links)
Dans cette thèse, nous proposons une nouvelle approche d’analyse dynamique de programmes binaires. Ce travail se place dans un contexte de rétro-conception de binaires avec des motivations liées à la sécurité : compréhension de logiciels malveillants, détection de vulnérabilités, etc. Concrètement, nous nous intéressons à retrouver des informations de haut niveau à partir d’un binaire en une seule exécution : les prototypes de fonctions, une nouvelle notion que nous nommons « couplage », et les allocateurs mémoire. L’approche proposée est basée sur des heuristiques afin d’analyser rapidement de larges programmes, et les résultats expérimentaux montrent qu’une telle approche permet d’obtenir des résultats précis.Les trois objectifs principaux de notre approche sont : 1) l’universalité - les hypothèses sur le programme à analyser sont le plus faibles possibles (pas de recompilation nécessaire, pas de source, applicable à des programmes strippés), 2) le passage à l’échelle - l’analyse se veut suffisamment légère pour pouvoir analyser de gros programmes, 3) la correction - dans les résultats produits, on cherche à minimiser les faux- positifs (par exemple, détecter des paramètres de fonction qui n’existent pas).La thèse se découpe en trois parties : une première partie dans laquelle on présente le contexte de rétro-conception dans lequel ce travail se situe, une seconde partie dans laquelle nous présentons notre approche, et une troisième partie qui détaille notre implémentation et des résultats numériques. / In this thesis, we propose a new dynamic approach to analyze binary programs. The context of this work is reverse-engineering binaries with motivations related to security: understanding malwares, detecting vulnerabilities, etc. Concretely, we focus on retrieving high-level information from a binary in a single execution: function prototypes, a new notion we name coupling, and memory allocators. The proposed approach is based on heuristics to analyze efficiently large programs, and experimental results show that with an approach leads to accurate results.The three main objectives of the approach are: 1) universality - hypothesis on the program to analyze are as weak as possible (no recompilation, no source code, possibly stripped), 2) scalability - the analysis aims to be lightweight enough to handle large programs, 3) soundness - we aim to minimize false positives in the results (e.g., detecting parameters of functions that actually do not exist).The thesis is divided in three parts: a first part presenting the context of reverse-engineering we work in, a second part in which we present our approach, and a third part to describe our implementation and numeric results.
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