Purpose: The building sector accounts for 40 % of the total energy consumption in Sweden today, and the largest proportion is consumed during the operating phase. From the year 2020 and onwards, all new buildings should be erected as zero-emissionbuildings. The building’s design can reduce energy demands, but the current legal requirements do not favour energy-efficient designs. This study focuses on the design’s importance for the energy efficiency of buildings, i.e., energy-saving design. The impact of specific measures is difficult to calculate due to the complexity of reality. This study aims to highlight the measures that could reduce energy consumption in commercial buildings. Method: In order to provide answers to the issues stated in the report and to achieve the objective of the study, case studies are being conducted investigating three commercial buildings where deliberate decisions were made to use energy-reducing measures. Results and conclusions are based on qualitative interviews and literature studies. Findings: The energy-reducing design measures found to be of most importance used in the studied buildings are the form factor, the window portion and the thermal storage capacity. Moreover, significant savings are possible by carefully consider how solar energy can be limited or used in the building. Generally, buildings tends to become more technical, therefore technical knowledge early in the process is important to reach a good result. Economic incentives and clear objectives with right focus are also important for optimizing a building’s energy performance. The wording and the requirement levels in the Swedish building regulations highly controls the construction of energy efficient buildings. Implications: This study shows how energy efficient design is made today and provides an indication of what can be done and what should be prioritized. By imposing requirements on consumed energy instead of bought, energy efficient design could be favoured. Furthermore, this study suggests that a balance between windows, façade and solar shading are important energy-reducing measures. Regardless of selected energyreducing measures, a good performance is essential. Finally, this study shows that a methodical use of existing knowledge and technology makes a difference. Limitations: A lifecycle approach provides an overall picture of a building’s energy consumption. However, this study is based on the energy consumption during the operating phase. The result of this study does not take economic or aesthetic factors into account. This study is a comparative case study and is based on few but carefully matched cases. The selected cases are commercial buildings where deliberate decisions were made to use energy-reducing measures.

Purpose: During the summer, overheating in buildings is becoming more common, but at the same time the passive heat from the sun during the winter can be utilized. This project investigates which solar shading is the best alternative to use in new buildings in Kungsbacka municipality. Method: There are three main aspects that this project focuses on, which are economics, energy and thermal climate. To perform the examination in this project, two rooms in two different schools have been examined with four different solar shading options. The solar shading options are fixed solar shading with a 30 degree inclination, fixed solar shading with 45 degree inclination,  variable sun-controlled solar shading, and variable scheduled solar shading. Results: The results of the study shows that variable sun-controlled solar shading provides the best indoor climate from a thermal aspect, and provides the lowest cooling needs as it reduces the amount of passive energy supplied through the window. Variable solar shading is expensive to purchase, maintain and operate. Fixed solar shading types have a cheaper purchase price and have no operation or maintenance costs. Conclusions: you can say that the choice of solar shading types depends on the conditions one has. Given the results from the case studied in this project,  variable sun-controlled solar shading type is better than fixed solar shading but more costly. / Överhettning i byggnader blir med tiden alltmer vanligt under sommaren, men däremot vill man kunna utnyttjapassiva värmen från solen under vintertiden. Detta problem väcker intresse för vilka solskydd typer som ger bästa solavskärmning under sommaren och släpper in mest solvärme under vinter. I detta arbete undersöks vilka solskydd som skulle vara bäst att användas i nya byggnader i Kungsbacka kommun. Det finns tre huvudaspekter som detta arbete fokuserar på, och dessa är ekonomi, energi och termiskt klimat.För att utföra undersökningen i arbetet har två rum i två olika skolor undersökts med fyra olika solskyddsalternativ. De olika solskydd typer som har undersökts är, fast solskydd med 30 och 45 graders lutning samt rörliga solstyrda och schemalagda solskydd. Datainsamlingen i arbetet bygger mest på krav från beställare och myndigheter samt mätningar från rummen som har undersökts. För att studera de två fallen utfördes simuleringar i IDA-ICE i form av värde tabeller från modeller som har ritats med samma förutsättningar som rummen har. Resultatet av undersökningen visar att rörligt solstyrt solskydd ger bästa inomhusklimat ur termisk aspekt, samt ger lägsta kylbehov eftersom den minskar den tillförda passiva energimängden genom fönstret. Däremot är rörliga solskydd dyra i inköp, underhåll och drift. Men de har ganska lång livslängd som skulle genom tiden spara på energi om man har aktiv kylning i byggnaden. I detta arbete var termisk komfort utgående punkt för valet av solskydd då aktiv kylning saknades i både skolorna. Fasta solskydd typer är billigare i inköpspriset och har ingen drift eller underhållskostnader, men det visade sig att de inte är lika effektiva som rörliga solskydd typer när det gäller termisk komfort under sommaren. Valet av solskydd beror helt på vad man är intresserad av och ifall man har aktiv kylning eller inte. När det gäller transmissionsförluster genom fönstren vid användning av olika solskydd typer så visade det sig att det blev nästan samma förluster oavsett vilken solskydd typ som används. Det beror helt på själva fönstrets egenskaper som i både fallen var bra. Slutligen kan man säga att valet av solskydd typer beror på förutsättningarna man har. Resultaten från fallet som studerades i detta arbete är att rörliga solskydds typer är bättre än fast solskydd men dyrare. Det finns dock en kostnadsskillnad när det gäller kylning över längre perioder.