This study investigates a well-explored topic, the relationship between gender and language, with a unique set of data--Japanese translations of highly gendered discourse contexts in Cosmopolitan and Playboy magazines. In both magazines, being attractive, heterosexual (wo)men is one of the ultimate goals. Therefore, choosing the 'right' words and expressions to display their gender identities is expected to be important for the writers. For this reason, language use in both magazines is expected to correspond to hegemonic masculinities and femininities in today's Japan.Comparative analysis of the two languages is limited to an examination of the use of passive voice. The results suggest one gender-specific constraint--Japanese women avoid maintaining the inanimate subject of English passive sentences--and one language-specific constraint--Japanese passive sentences are preferred when the speakers discuss their personal relationships.In addition to the comparative analysis of passives in English and Japanese, gender differences for the Japanese data are also examined in other linguistic aspects. Over 14,000 Japanese sentences from Cosmopolitan Japan and Playboy Japan were divided into three groups of senders (authors)--male, female, and editorial--and compared in relation to the following three aspects: person referential forms, sentence endings, and directive expressions. The results suggest that male senders of both magazines are moderately masculine, while female senders of both magazines are extremely feminine. This may suggest that sociocultural pressure on Japanese women to preserve their 'women's language' is strong, while such pressure is not obvious with men's language use.This study further argues that male-centered and female-centered discourse communities in the two magazines provide their readers not only sociocultural conventions of language use, but also gender-specific socialization experiences and different senses of preferred social structures. More specifically, the readers of Cosmopolitan Japan learn the importance of peer approval, and the importance of gender difference, hierarchy, and politeness as a part of femininity. However, they may not learn how to make femininity and power coexist. In contrast, the readers of Playboy Japan learn the value of independence and may learn that gender and hierarchy/power are not rigid and that one can be simultaneously feminine and powerful, and masculine and polite.

There are many researching studies to be found that describes how media relates to men and women differently. Even if it’s a newspaper research or a magazine research they all display the same information. That there are differences in the way that women and men are described or portrayed in articles and pictures. Most of these gender studies are made on a basis of magazines that are mainly intended to men or to women. They all send out messages that the consumer sees as a fact but that really are a construction of the reality. In this research we have studied a movie magazine called Cinema from a gender perspective. The magazine intends to both men and women. One of our main goals was to see if there were any differences between how the men and women are described in Cinema compared to the ones that only are intended to men or women. We have been studying eight articles of well known actors from the magazine Cinema. Four of them are portraits of men and four are portraits of women. We have been using qualitative analysis to study the texts and the pictures in the articles to see if there are any differences in the way that men and women are portrayed. We have also considered and researched if the gender of the writers influences the article and what it is in the portraits that construct genders. The results of our study, points out that there are differences in the way that men and women are portrayed by the magazine Cinema but not to such a great extent as the magazines that are only intended to men or women. But there are still differences. In this study we have been pointing out many of these differences and constructions that make a woman to be seen as a woman and a man to be seen as a man. Hopefully this will help both producers and consumer to become more aware of how the media constructs the reality.

This study is about gender stereotypes that occur in the magazines of ELLE and KING's advertisements in 2014. The purpose of this inquisition is by using a gender perspective to examine the interpretation of women and men, compare how they relate to the traditional gender stereotypes. To answer our purpose of this study, a selection of 400 advertisements were analyzed based on it's content and visual expression. Through a content analysis, we could measure the frequency of 18 variables and put them in relation to each other to grasp the differences that exist between the genders. The results are presented in bar charts based on the variables that proved most interesting outcome between the genders. Our result indicated that ELLE and KING's advertisements relates to many of the traditional gender stereotypes even today.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2000. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 73-78).

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Wyoming, 2008. / Title from PDF title page (viewed on Apr. 13, 2010). Includes bibliographical references (p. 110-116).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1971. / Typescript. Vita. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Minnesota, 1996. / Adviser: Dona B. Schwartz. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Wyoming, 2008. / Title from PDF title page (viewed on Nov. 17, 2009). Includes bibliographical references (p. 52-56).

Graphic design faces the contradictions of commercial intent and social relevance. This study explores the contribution of criticism, in two independent, seminal graphic design magazines, towards shifting the dominant preferences of graphic design from a purely commercial pursuit to a human-centred practice. Emigre magazine (c.1984 - 2005) and Dot Dot Dot magazine (c.2000 - 2010) are recognised for their critical intent and within them are emerging critical issues that suggest a potential niche for graphic design beyond consumerism and commerce. In the discipline of graphic design, designers define what it is to be human (and thus equally the realities of dehumanisation) in very particular ways (Rose, 2001:135; Freire, 1993:43). Graphic design has a history of commercial practice. This commercial history continues to define its identity and reinforce a particular body of knowledge. Graphic design criticism, however, is an inventive voice that has the potential to contribute to change. Both Emigre and Dot Dot Dot were representative of a “constructive marginality” (Bennett, 1993:64), drawing from their own set of references and awareness of graphic design’s potential to inform their identities, instead of looking to established definitions of practice to do so. This analysis explores how they anticipated a modern conception of graphic design that has become part of a recently adopted (2015) and more widely embedded discourse. This discourse involves critical design that interrogates multiculturalism, interdisciplinarity, environmental sustainability, social and political agency, and speculative futures. Graphic design engages social institutions and practices that denote social constructions of difference and inequality, and is never neutral. Any work, any representation of ideology, is at once individual and discursive at the level of social, cultural and political formations. The critical issues evident in Emigre and Dot Dot Dot, with the exception of an absence of speculative futures, anticipate a more humanising perspective in graphic design. They invite critique and the potential for change that is relevant to the surrounding world, as a counter to commercial self-interest.

The thesis will examine in detail the cultural magazine Listy pro umění a kritiku. The author will focus on the historical context that accompanied the publication of the magazine (the situation in the former Czechoslovakia, an independent state, Nazism in Germany etc.). Emphasis will also be placed on Czech drama, especially on the avant-garde theater. The author will build on her bachelor thesis, in which she managed to get the primary material and describe it. Now she will devote the greater part of the interpretative and analyzing passages.