ABSTRACT In the past decade, the construction industry has been identified to be among the industries that are lagging in the application of modern information and communication technology as tools to enhance project performance. Where this technology has been applied, little has been done to meet up with the pace of advancements in information and communication technology. This research looks at the extent to which information and communication technology (ICT) tools have being integrated for project enhancement in a major railway construction project. Most precisely, it looks at how ICT tools have affected communication and collaborative processes in the context of the soft skills processes and the hard skills processes. Enormous literature in this field of study was reviewed to set the base upon which to make the investigation. Findings show that ICT tools have been integrated just to a limited extent on the project which still used traditional management and project communication methods.; and there was room for integration of better tools as project participants were aware of some of these ICT tools that can enhance the performance of the project. Finally, an ICT infrastructure that encompasses all aspects of the project environment and the entire project lifecycle is proposed. This infrastructure enhances project performance by integrating all project stakeholders in the process of knowledge sharing and use in the project. The research also determines that most project organisations would refrain from integrating certain kinds of project enhancement tools because of he cost obtaining them as well as the cost to train employees on their usage.

The thesis deals with evaluation of tenders for communal construction procurement. Each year the public procurement equals the value of millions of Swedish kronors, of which construction projects makes up a large proportion. These projects tend to often exceed their budgets. The aim with the thesis is to investigate if there are faults in the tender evaluation process. The theoretical framework for the study partly consists of a review on how the communal evaluation work is described in law and practice. A qualitative methodology is applied in the study where four procurement workers are interviewed. Similarities and differences between evaluation work in practice and what is described in the study's theoretical framework is been analyzed. One of several conclusions of the study is that the choice of contractual form for the construction work often determines the choice of procurement form. Hence the person that works with modeling of tender documents should be well acquainted with the construction industry. A boundary that was set for the study is that it geographically covers Sweden exclusively. Suggestions for further research include investigating why international construction companies bidding in Sweden on communal construction projects do not seem to function properly.

We address a number of operational challenges encountered in two emerging types of practices in the procurement of truckload transportation services: collaboration and auctions. The main objective in these two types of procurement strategies is identifying and exploiting synergies between the lanes of a carrier's network. In shipper collaboration, we take the perspective of a shipper who collaborates with other shippers to seek synergy between his lanes and other participants' lanes. On the other hand, in procurement auctions, although we take the carriers' perspective in our work, a shipper tries to discover the carrier (or carriers) whose network has the most synergy with his lanes. The first part of the thesis concerns the solution of optimization problems arising in collaborative transportation procurement networks where a group of shippers comes together and jointly negotiates with carriers for the procurement of transportation services. Through collaboration, shippers may be able to identify and submit sequences of continuous loaded movements to carriers, reducing the carriers' need for repositioning, and thus lowering the carriers' costs. A portion of the carriers' cost savings may be returned to the shippers in the form of lower prices. We discuss optimization technology that helps identify repeatable, dedicated truckload continuous move tours with little truck repositioning. Timing considerations are critical to practical viability and are a key focus of our efforts. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our algorithms on randomly generated instances as well as on instances derived from real-world data. The second part concerns the pricing of transportation services offered by the trucking companies (carriers). We look at the bid determination problem faced by carriers in transportation procurement auctions where a shipper requests quotes from multiple carriers and purchases the services of the lowest bidder. The specific problem being studied is the bid valuation problem in the case where the carrier must place bids on multiple lanes simultaneously. We model the problem as a stochastic optimization problem and propose a coordinate search algorithm for solving this problem. Then, we conduct a simulation study to demonstrate the positive impact of the approach on carrier profits.

Information search and acquisition is one of the important tasks in industrial procurement. The main issues of the present study are whether the needs of information and their patterns of importance would be affected by the following variables: product type, position of the supply chain, factors of individual participant (position, current unit, experiences of departments), organization structural factors, innovational resources commitments. The empirical study contexts are six machinery related sub-industries, including: vehicle, casting, die and mold, fastener, hand-tool, and machinery industry. From the 345 valid survey samples, the current research tested several hypotheses, of which significant findings include: (1) Different positions at a supply chain would cause difference of information needs. (2) Factors of individual participant also bring about different buying information needs: the current unit and experiences in different departments would significantly affect importance of the finance-cost, technique, salesperson information. (3) Organizational factors, including authority, horizontal interaction, vertical division, would give rise to more positive effect on buying experiences, country-of-origin, salesperson information. On the other hand, solicit negative effect on finance-cost information. (4) The product type would significantly moderate the causal relation between organizational factors and buying experiences, country-of-origin, or salesperson information. (5) Finance-cost information is less important for the higher innovational commitment companies than the lower ones

Cost control and rapid response to market changes have become keys to survival of modern enterprises, especially during today¡¦s ever-increasing business competitions. Communication obstacles such as information inconsistency and delays still exist among members of supply chains, leading to problems like inventory turnover decline and lead time stretch, and eventually are resulting inefficient reactions to the demand of final customers. In recent years, a number of firms have begun to adopt various electronic supply chain management systems to enhance the quality and efficiency of business communication among their suppliers. These systems have helped businesses parties simplify their communication time and enhance business partnerships and alliances, thus enhanced their overall competitive advantages. In additional, the wide implementation of such information technology is promoting healthy integration among industries towards much more efficient supply chains. In a typical supply chain management scenario, businesses with ineffective operation management capability are often disturbed by rapid changes in market demands, short product life cycles, and lacks of integration from levels of suppliers, because the curial marketing information has not been efficiently delivered to proper functional departments, disabling the entire organization to reflect the changing demands and market conditions. This study is aimed to business and industrial models on examining firms¡¦ competitive advantages and their relationship with suppliers. Based on the result of the analysis, it would be the reference to build up the system of e-procurement. Moreover, in market-based systems, it always exits supply-demand relationship between suppliers and buyer powers, when facing high supplier power; companies should provide sufficient information to negotiate with the suppliers. The research is on the basis of Taiwan optoelectronic industry to investigate the companies of the TFT-LCD panel, and the supply chains of the industry. In analyzing the main TFT-LCD panel providers, the paper will probe into TFT-LCD firms to import e- procurement system by building the CPFR mechanism to improve the reaction capacity of businesses and to respond to the market rapid change. The study exerts simulation software, Arena, to conduct simulation and improvement of such models,then according to the simulation results to utilize them as a reference to purchasing cooperative enterprise into the future operation.

Our country is under promoting the electronic government's policy, the ones that proposed old government procurement procedure reengineer, is it draw lessons from business process reengineer in successful enterprises as, use the information and technological construction of communication to the electronic procurement system and become and promote one of the schemes mainly, in the hope of building and constructing an efficient government procurement procedure environment. Count in accordance with the Directorate-General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics and Executive Yuan, the annual total of government organizations exceeds the huge budget of 4 trillion NT, carry out by way of government procurement. Good Yu of the procedure system of government procurement, influences country's whole development to the hard iron. Supervising and reporting and counting according to the Public Construction Commission Executive Yuan, the public works is a domestic large-scalest industry, purchase the system and effect of carrying out, have extremely close relations to procure the procedure with the public works. Public Works Bureau of Kaohsiung city government can get and mark several 339 (21.16%) which account for the whole municipal government of Kaohsiung in 2003 most; The public works of amount of money of master budget are the highest. And the public works procurement, with relevant in describing, most apt to form procedure complicated, is it mark to tie, situation marked to enclose take place. So, this text is the view assessed with the performance probes into the assessment of the public works procurement procedure efficiency of Public Works Bureau of government of Kaohsiung. First of all, the measurement index of building the performance of constructing and assessing, regard ¡§ time, cost, manpower¡¨, three indexes, as and assess the focal point, use secondary analysis, understand that Public Works Bureau will purchase the execution efficiency of electronization in 2003, and then use the interview way of the depth, make to the procedure of public works purchase practical operation and purchase personnel and carry out the firsthand materials which purchase the business, build and construct the procedure that the public works is purchased by combining the software of structure of information system (architecture of integrated information system, ARIS) afterwards, assess the question of the public works purchase procedure of job bureau of government of Kaohsiung, propose the improvement of the public works purchase procedure procedure, increase the efficiency that the public works is purchased. Comprehensive secondary analysis, ARIS procedure analysis and interview result of the depth: The execution situation purchased in electronization of Public Works Bureau of government of Kaohsiung, has already reached the stage that electrons have opened bid at present; Effect of electronization its, neck mark person who reach 62.78%, electron submit a tender the reaching rate is 0%, have not reached the set goal; Put forward the following suggestions after putting in order and purchasing personnel's interview suggestion synthetically, whether support reference that follow-up improve, in order to reach and purchase the efficiency carried out in electronization. Will study and propose dividing into(1)the decree respect; (2)management respect; (3)systematic respect; (4)education and training respect. Combine the analysis result, carry out the present situation about the public works purchase procedure, purchase procedure finish electronic procedure in an all-round way yet, execution of dual track system at present is it appear for fear of procedure efficiency to have at present, so, facilitate electronization to purchase the execution of the procedure and help the government and manufacturer to purchase benefit that the trade carry out.

Under the globalization tendency, the region of purchases no longer only limit to a place, but spreads the whole world, if the complex purchase flow can transform into the part of value chain, will effectively promote the enterprise competitive advantage. In the past enterprise interior invalid rate purchase, unnecessary flow and so on, was a bad sign of purchases processes. Supposing wants to solve the above problem effectively, we can¡¦t neglect the direction of e-procurement. However, only good e-procurement service quality is even more important to the users now. Therefore, this research is trying to explore the user¡¦s evaluation standard of e-procurement service quality. This research incorporating the former perspectives in information quality, system quality, and service quality, and comprehensively considering the role of an e-procurement system on service constructs, In addition, this research takes domestic company which was inducted the e-procurement system as a model to find out the important e-procurement service quality constructs that users pay attention to and influence their judgment to develop a questionnaire to evaluate the e-procurement system service quality. Finally, through the results of the questionnaire, we hope to provide some suggestions to the enterprises in the field or the ones that want to participate in to upgrade their e-procurement system service quality and gain profits. Besides, from the perspective of management, this research also hopes that through the questionnaire, the manager of the company which was inducted the e-procurement system can understand more about the standard the users use to evaluate e-procurement system service quality to help them efficiently make management strategies to reach their final goals.

In recently years, government procurement for public construction has accounted for approximately 400 billion New Taiwan Dollars per year. However, many problems have arisen after the first year of the new Government Procurement Law. Evaluation systems for the auditing of construction performance are inadequate, poorly controlled, and are needed for further research. Benchmarking and ¡§balanced-scorecard¡¨ are evaluated for construction performance measurement at present. and, the benchmarking method in this research, is based on its economy, efficiency and effectiveness. A road construction project is used as an example for performance auditing. Some conclusions are listed in the summary. This research program attempts to analyze the reasons of failure by historical documentary analysis using the questionnaire method & statistical analysis using the quantitative approach. The steps taken generally include a historical system analysis, the gathering of government documentation, and the comparion of the Budget Examination System of other countries. By employing an integrated research design, this research also analyzes the key factors influencing the malfunction and the implementation of the example road construction project. Finally, it is hoped that the results of this research could contribute to the government¡¦s budget examination, performance auditing and the actual budget system, and could also provide the decision- makers with some political inspiration.

This research paper explores the impact of Government Procurement Law on the activities of Research and Development in Taiwan. The Empirical Study focus on the Technological Research Projects. After collecting relevant literature regarding R&D in foreign countries, this study conducted an in-depth interview to derive a questionnaire. Later, based on a questionnaire mailed to 46 officials in Taiwan area, of which 37 replies were received (a 80.44 percent response rate). The study proposed a comprehensive and innovative program on establishing the R&D management in Taiwan.

Abstract¡G With the rapid development of electronic marketplace, buyers and sellers can trade more easily without the limitations of time and distance. Internet trading is benefited to both sides in many ways. However, the matching mechanism between buyers and sellers in the electronic marketplace is not explored deeply. Consequently, the purpose of this research is to study the screening and negotiation in the process of matching. In this research, four screening models and related flow charts have been proposed. A negotiation model is also proposed to deal with the bargaining process. Finally, a prototype based on development method is built to demonstrate how the screening models and negotiation models work.