No mês de outubro de 2007 a Comissão Nacional de Cartografia (CONCAR) lançou uma norma cartográfica composta de especificações técnicas para Estruturação de Dados Geoespaciais Digitais Vetoriais (EDGV) para a realização do mapeamento topográfico sistemático no Brasil. No mês de novembro de 2008 foi publicado o Decreto n 6666, que institui a Infra-Estrutura Nacional de Dados Espaciais e ratifica o uso das normas homologadas pela CONCAR, pelas instituições Federais. Este trabalho realiza dois requisitos, a saber: (a) fornece um esquema relacional alinhado as especificações da EDGV e (b) implementa um protótipo, com vistas a sua utilização no processo de restituição fotogramétrica nas instituições públicas responsáveis pelo mapeamento topográfico no Brasil. A implementação é realizada em ambiente de software livre. Também é importante salientar o caráter educacional da plataforma de software a ser implementada, para que o seu uso seja também direcionado para o ensino teórico e prático da fotogrametria digital nas instituições de ensino e pesquisa. / The National Commission of Cartography (CONCAR) in October 2007 launched a pattern composed of standard specifications for Structuring of Digital Geospatial Data Vector (EDGV) for systematic topographic mapping production in Brazil. In November of 2008 it was published the Decree n 6666, that established the National Spatial Data Infrastructure and ratified the use of standards approved by CONCAR. This work accomplishes two goals: (a) to provide a relational schema specification aligned with the EDGV and; (b) to provide an implementation of a prototype, for using in the photogrammetric restitution of topographic mapping in Brazil. The implementation is performed in an environment of free software, according to the GNU/GPL approch. It is also important to emphasize the educational character of the software to be implemented so that its use is also directed to the theoretical and practical studies of digital photogrammetry in the institutions of education and research.

Na década de 80, o surgimento de programas de computadores mais amigáveis para usuários e produtores de informação e a evolução tecnológica fizeram com que as instituições, públicas e privadas, se aperfeiçoassem em estudos sobre sistemas de produção cartográfica apoiados por computador, visando a implementação de Sistemas de Informação Geográfica (SIG). A pouca simultaneidade de forças entre órgãos interessados, resultou em uma grande quantidade de arquivos digitais com a necessidade de padronização. Em 2007, a Comissão Nacional de Cartografia (CONCAR) homologou a Estrutura de Dados Geoespaciais Vetoriais (EDGV) a fim de minimizar o problema da falta de padronização de bases cartográficas. A presente dissertação tem como foco elaborar uma metodologia de trabalho para o processo de conversão de bases cartográficas digitais existentes no padrão da Mapoteca Topográfica Digital (MTD), do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE), para o padrão da EDGV, bem como suas potencialidades e limitações para integração e padronização de bases cartográficas digitais. Será feita uma aplicação da metodologia utilizando a carta topográfica de Saquarema, na escala de 1:50.000, vetorizada na Coordenação de Cartografia (CCAR) do IBGE e disponível na Internet. Como a EDGV foi elaborada segundo técnicas de modelagem orientada a objetos, foi necessário um mapeamento para banco de dados relacional, já que este ainda é utilizado pela maioria dos usuários e produtores de informação geográfica. Um dos objetivos específicos é elaborar um esquema de banco de dados, ou seja, um banco de dados vazio contendo todas as classes de objetos, atributos e seus respectivos domínios existentes na EDGV para que possa ser utilizado no processo de produção cartográfica do IBGE. Este esquema conterá todas as descrições dos objetos e de seus respectivos atributos, além de já permitir que o usuário selecione o domínio de um determinado atributo em uma lista pré definida, evitando que ocorra erro no preenchimento dados. Esta metodologia de trabalho será de grande importância para o processo de conversão das bases cartográficas existentes no IBGE e, com isso, gerar e disponibilizar bases cartográficas no padrão da EDGV. / In the 80, the emergence of computer programs more friendly to users and producers of information and technological developments have made international institutions, public and private, to further improve on studies of cartographic production systems supported by computer, to implement Geographical Information System (GIS). A little concurrence of forces between bodies concerned, resulted in a large amount of digital files with the need for standardization. In 2007, the National Commission of Cartography (CONCAR) approved the structure of Geospatial Data Vector (EDGV) in order to minimize the problem of lack of standardization of cartographic databases. This dissertation focuses on developing a methodology of work for the process of converting existing digital cartographic databases in the standard of Digital Topographic Map Collection, the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) for the standard EDGV and their potential and limitations for integration and standardization of digital cartographic databases. Was made an application of the methodology using a topographic map of Saquarema, on the scale of 1:50,000, vectored in the Cartographic of Coordination of IBGE and available on the Internet. As EDGV was elaborated in accordance with modeling techniques object-oriented, it was necessary a mapping for relational database, as it is still used by most users and producers of geographic information. One of the specific objectives is to develop a schema of the database, that is, an empty database containing all classes of objects, attributes and their domains in the EDGV so it can be used in the production process mapping of IBGE. This scheme will contain all the descriptions of objects and their attributes, as well as allow the user select the domain of a particular attribute in a predefined list, preventing them from occurring error in fulfilling of the data. This metodology of working will be of great importance to the process of conversion of database existing cartographical of IBGE and, thereby, generate and make available database cartographic in the standard EDGV.

Na década de 80, o surgimento de programas de computadores mais amigáveis para usuários e produtores de informação e a evolução tecnológica fizeram com que as instituições, públicas e privadas, se aperfeiçoassem em estudos sobre sistemas de produção cartográfica apoiados por computador, visando a implementação de Sistemas de Informação Geográfica (SIG). A pouca simultaneidade de forças entre órgãos interessados, resultou em uma grande quantidade de arquivos digitais com a necessidade de padronização. Em 2007, a Comissão Nacional de Cartografia (CONCAR) homologou a Estrutura de Dados Geoespaciais Vetoriais (EDGV) a fim de minimizar o problema da falta de padronização de bases cartográficas. A presente dissertação tem como foco elaborar uma metodologia de trabalho para o processo de conversão de bases cartográficas digitais existentes no padrão da Mapoteca Topográfica Digital (MTD), do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE), para o padrão da EDGV, bem como suas potencialidades e limitações para integração e padronização de bases cartográficas digitais. Será feita uma aplicação da metodologia utilizando a carta topográfica de Saquarema, na escala de 1:50.000, vetorizada na Coordenação de Cartografia (CCAR) do IBGE e disponível na Internet. Como a EDGV foi elaborada segundo técnicas de modelagem orientada a objetos, foi necessário um mapeamento para banco de dados relacional, já que este ainda é utilizado pela maioria dos usuários e produtores de informação geográfica. Um dos objetivos específicos é elaborar um esquema de banco de dados, ou seja, um banco de dados vazio contendo todas as classes de objetos, atributos e seus respectivos domínios existentes na EDGV para que possa ser utilizado no processo de produção cartográfica do IBGE. Este esquema conterá todas as descrições dos objetos e de seus respectivos atributos, além de já permitir que o usuário selecione o domínio de um determinado atributo em uma lista pré definida, evitando que ocorra erro no preenchimento dados. Esta metodologia de trabalho será de grande importância para o processo de conversão das bases cartográficas existentes no IBGE e, com isso, gerar e disponibilizar bases cartográficas no padrão da EDGV. / In the 80, the emergence of computer programs more friendly to users and producers of information and technological developments have made international institutions, public and private, to further improve on studies of cartographic production systems supported by computer, to implement Geographical Information System (GIS). A little concurrence of forces between bodies concerned, resulted in a large amount of digital files with the need for standardization. In 2007, the National Commission of Cartography (CONCAR) approved the structure of Geospatial Data Vector (EDGV) in order to minimize the problem of lack of standardization of cartographic databases. This dissertation focuses on developing a methodology of work for the process of converting existing digital cartographic databases in the standard of Digital Topographic Map Collection, the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) for the standard EDGV and their potential and limitations for integration and standardization of digital cartographic databases. Was made an application of the methodology using a topographic map of Saquarema, on the scale of 1:50,000, vectored in the Cartographic of Coordination of IBGE and available on the Internet. As EDGV was elaborated in accordance with modeling techniques object-oriented, it was necessary a mapping for relational database, as it is still used by most users and producers of geographic information. One of the specific objectives is to develop a schema of the database, that is, an empty database containing all classes of objects, attributes and their domains in the EDGV so it can be used in the production process mapping of IBGE. This scheme will contain all the descriptions of objects and their attributes, as well as allow the user select the domain of a particular attribute in a predefined list, preventing them from occurring error in fulfilling of the data. This metodology of working will be of great importance to the process of conversion of database existing cartographical of IBGE and, thereby, generate and make available database cartographic in the standard EDGV.

No mês de outubro de 2007 a Comissão Nacional de Cartografia (CONCAR) lançou uma norma cartográfica composta de especificações técnicas para Estruturação de Dados Geoespaciais Digitais Vetoriais (EDGV) para a realização do mapeamento topográfico sistemático no Brasil. No mês de novembro de 2008 foi publicado o Decreto n 6666, que institui a Infra-Estrutura Nacional de Dados Espaciais e ratifica o uso das normas homologadas pela CONCAR, pelas instituições Federais. Este trabalho realiza dois requisitos, a saber: (a) fornece um esquema relacional alinhado as especificações da EDGV e (b) implementa um protótipo, com vistas a sua utilização no processo de restituição fotogramétrica nas instituições públicas responsáveis pelo mapeamento topográfico no Brasil. A implementação é realizada em ambiente de software livre. Também é importante salientar o caráter educacional da plataforma de software a ser implementada, para que o seu uso seja também direcionado para o ensino teórico e prático da fotogrametria digital nas instituições de ensino e pesquisa. / The National Commission of Cartography (CONCAR) in October 2007 launched a pattern composed of standard specifications for Structuring of Digital Geospatial Data Vector (EDGV) for systematic topographic mapping production in Brazil. In November of 2008 it was published the Decree n 6666, that established the National Spatial Data Infrastructure and ratified the use of standards approved by CONCAR. This work accomplishes two goals: (a) to provide a relational schema specification aligned with the EDGV and; (b) to provide an implementation of a prototype, for using in the photogrammetric restitution of topographic mapping in Brazil. The implementation is performed in an environment of free software, according to the GNU/GPL approch. It is also important to emphasize the educational character of the software to be implemented so that its use is also directed to the theoretical and practical studies of digital photogrammetry in the institutions of education and research.

The increasing demand of mankind by use of water quality and sufficient volume to meet their needs in their different uses, shows that water resources must be managed and preserved. A watershed is the physical unit that integrates the entire flow of water that makes up the hydrological cycle, but its use is being carried out in a disorderly way, without complying with the compliance of their characteristics and fragilities. Brazil has a very advanced legislation regarding the environment, especially related to water, and a growing awareness of the need to demarcate areas in order to safeguard the different ecosystems found in this vast territory. In Brazil, many of the areas selected to include environmental protection within its boundaries major resources stocks. However, deforestation and poor land use along these water resources may affect and jeopardize the supply and quality of water throughout their watersheds, affecting populations downstream. The purpose of this paper is to present an Integrated Information System, embodied in a Geographic Information System (GIS), which adds the elements required for management and conservation of water resources in protected areas. In the development of GIS will be used the new structure and Geographical Data Vector (EDGV) and the Geospatial Metadata Profile of Brazil (MGB), approved in 2008 by the National Cartography (Conc), aiming to standardize the structures spatial data, facilitating data sharing, interoperability and rationalization of resources among data producers and users of geospatial information. In the proposed system shows that the systematic organization into a Geographic Information System (GIS) of water resources and the various elements and factors about them impacting facilitates the analysis and subsequent management of water resources conservation units (CUs). Through these spatial analysis and comparative data were obtained as a result of the making of a final map containing an indication of inharmonious elements in the area. Indicated the best places to collect water in order to assess its quality and, eventually, we proposed a new limit for the conservation unit. The final map will serve as support for management to operate and monitor the areas according to their real possibilities and implement corrective measures and mitigation. Additionally, information based on the database associated with the GIS will enable the integration of various public and private entities that deal with specific issues, enabling interoperability and cooperation between them, as well as confirming that the use of Geotechnology is an appropriate option for the best management of the areas involved. The techniques and procedures used can be applied in the management of water resources from other areas. We used the União Biological Reserve - Rebio Union - located in the State of Rio de Janeiro, as a case study.

The increasing demand of mankind by use of water quality and sufficient volume to meet their needs in their different uses, shows that water resources must be managed and preserved. A watershed is the physical unit that integrates the entire flow of water that makes up the hydrological cycle, but its use is being carried out in a disorderly way, without complying with the compliance of their characteristics and fragilities. Brazil has a very advanced legislation regarding the environment, especially related to water, and a growing awareness of the need to demarcate areas in order to safeguard the different ecosystems found in this vast territory. In Brazil, many of the areas selected to include environmental protection within its boundaries major resources stocks. However, deforestation and poor land use along these water resources may affect and jeopardize the supply and quality of water throughout their watersheds, affecting populations downstream. The purpose of this paper is to present an Integrated Information System, embodied in a Geographic Information System (GIS), which adds the elements required for management and conservation of water resources in protected areas. In the development of GIS will be used the new structure and Geographical Data Vector (EDGV) and the Geospatial Metadata Profile of Brazil (MGB), approved in 2008 by the National Cartography (Conc), aiming to standardize the structures spatial data, facilitating data sharing, interoperability and rationalization of resources among data producers and users of geospatial information. In the proposed system shows that the systematic organization into a Geographic Information System (GIS) of water resources and the various elements and factors about them impacting facilitates the analysis and subsequent management of water resources conservation units (CUs). Through these spatial analysis and comparative data were obtained as a result of the making of a final map containing an indication of inharmonious elements in the area. Indicated the best places to collect water in order to assess its quality and, eventually, we proposed a new limit for the conservation unit. The final map will serve as support for management to operate and monitor the areas according to their real possibilities and implement corrective measures and mitigation. Additionally, information based on the database associated with the GIS will enable the integration of various public and private entities that deal with specific issues, enabling interoperability and cooperation between them, as well as confirming that the use of Geotechnology is an appropriate option for the best management of the areas involved. The techniques and procedures used can be applied in the management of water resources from other areas. We used the União Biological Reserve - Rebio Union - located in the State of Rio de Janeiro, as a case study.