Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The economic growth of the state of Rio Grande do Sul as well as the rest of the country is closely connected with the distribution and power generation. Thus for the state's energy system does not collapse (shortage / surplus) in steps of generation and supply, it is necessary to study the distribution of energy generated and the number of consumers. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine a reference variable by means of principal component analysis in order to analyze the overall behavior of consumption and consumers in MWh of electricity in the Rio Grande do Sul, by means of linear models of forecast (ARIMA) and nonlinear (ARCH). The analysis refers to the number of consumers and to the consumption of electrical energy to the RS, conducted by the three largest electricity distributors, including AES-Sul, CEEE and GER from January 1998 to December 2009. The mathematical models for the variables studied are able to model satisfactorily the data, enabling an analysis of their behavior, able to monitor and determine the movement of the series under study as a whole, providing management measures, both companies supply distributor as the number of customers of each company, allowing an analysis on the stability of the production process. / O crescimento econômico do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, assim como do restante do país, está intimamente ligado à distribuição e geração de energia elétrica. Desta forma, para que o sistema energético do estado não entre em colapso (falta/excesso) nas etapas de geração e fornecimento, é necessário o estudo da distribuição da energia gerada e do número de consumidores. Portanto, o objetivo deste estudo é determinar uma variável de referência, por meio da análise de componentes principais, de forma a analisar globalmente o comportamento do consumo em MWh e dos consumidores de energia elétrica do Rio Grande do Sul por meio de modelos de previsão lineares (ARIMA) e não lineares(ARCH). A análise refere-se ao número de consumidores e ao consumo de energia elétrica no estado do RS, realizado pelas três maiores distribuidoras de energia elétrica, nomeadamente a AES-Sul, CEEE e RGE, no período de janeiro de 1998 a dezembro de 2009. Os modelos matemáticos encontrados para as variáveis estudadas são capazes de modelar satisfatoriamente os dados, possibilitando uma análise de seu comportamento, capaz de acompanhar e de determinar o movimento das séries em estudo de forma global, proporcionando medidas de gerenciamento, tanto das empresas distribuidoras de fornecimento quanto do número de consumidores de cada empresa, permitindo uma análise sobre a estabilidade do processo produtivo.

Orientador: Luiz Carlos Pereira da Silva / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Elétrica e de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T11:22:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Anzai_AlexandreHaruiti_D.pdf: 9433798 bytes, checksum: ca8b5a95dcd29723ecf3a0201031679e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: Esta tese apresenta resultados a respeito do desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta de monitoramento em tempo real da margem de estabilidade de tensão de sistemas de transmissão. O desenvolvimento tecnológico das unidades de medição fasorial (Phasor Measurement Units)(PMUs), facilitou a obtenção do estado do sistema, magnitude e ¿angulo de fase das tensões das barras, em tempo real. O acesso em tempo real do estado do sistema com maior precisão possibilitou a utilização de técnicas de identificação paramétricas de sistemas para estimar a margem de estabilidade de tensão. Nesta tese modelos auto-regressivos com entradas exógenas (Auto-Regressive Models with eXogenous inputs)(ARX) lineares e não lineares foram calculados baseados em um banco de dados offline e utilizados para representar a relação entre as medidas das PMUs e a margem de estabilidade de tensão. Dois critérios para a alocação das PMUs na rede foram testados: a variância da tensão no banco de dados e o fator de participação modal. Os resultados mostram que o método proposto apresenta uma boa precisão na estimativa da margem tanto para casos de rede completa ou em condições de contingências. O fato desta estimativa necessitar de operações relativamente simples sobre os valores medidos e não em cálculos de diversas curvas PV, torna o método rápido o suficiente para ser implementado em tempo real. Esta tese apresenta resultados a respeito do desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta de monitoramento em tempo real da margem de estabilidade de tensão de sistemas de transmissão. O desenvolvimento tecnológico das unidades de medição fasorial (Phasor Measurement Units)(PMUs), facilitou a obtenção do estado do sistema, magnitude e ¿angulo de fase das tensões das barras, em tempo real. O acesso em tempo real do estado do sistema com maior precisão possibilitou a utilização de técnicas de identificação paramétricas de sistemas para estimar a margem de estabilidade de tensão. Nesta tese modelos auto-regressivos com entradas exógenas (Auto-Regressive Models with eXogenous inputs)(ARX) lineares e não lineares foram calculados baseados em um banco de dados offline e utilizados para representar a relação entre as medidas das PMUs e a margem de estabilidade de tensão. Dois critérios para a alocação das PMUs na rede foram testados: a variância da tensão no banco de dados e o fator de participação modal. Os resultados mostram que o método proposto apresenta uma boa precisão na estimativa da margem tanto para casos de rede completa ou em condições de contingências. O fato desta estimativa necessitar de operações relativamente simples sobre os valores medidos e não em cálculos de diversas curvas PV, torna o método rápido o suficiente para ser implementado em tempo real / Abstract: This thesis presents results about the development of a tool for real time monitoring of the voltage stability margin of transmission systems. The advance of Phasor Measurement Units (PMU), has made it easier to obtain the system's state, voltage magnitude and phase angles of some buses in real time. The access of the accurate system's state in real time allows the utilization of parametric system identification techniques to estimate the voltage stability margin. In this thesis linear and nonlinear Auto-Regressive eXogenous inputs (ARX) models were calculated based on an offline database and utilized to represent the relation between the PMU measures and the voltage stability margin. Two criteria for the allocation of the PMUs in the network were tested: the voltage variance and the modal participation factor. The results demonstrate that the proposed method presents adequate accuracy for the estimation of the voltage stability margin even considering the occurrence of contingencies. The estimation is performed through the execution of relatively simple operations on the measured values instead of computing several PV curves, which makes it suitable for real time applications / Doutorado / Energia Eletrica / Doutor em Engenharia Elétrica

Orientador: Madson Cortes de Almeida / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Elétrica e de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-27T18:54:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 YucraCcahuana_MiguelAngel_M.pdf: 1685093 bytes, checksum: d470831fabdff66aa7a9d998da9391db (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Resumo: Nas últimas décadas, a utilização de Unidades de Medições Fasoriais (Phasor Measurements Units - PMU) em sistemas de transmissão de energia elétrica vem sendo amplamente discutida. De acordo com a literatura, diversas aplicações podem ser beneficiadas pelo uso destas medidas. Em comparação com as medidas convencionais disponibilizadas pelos Sistema de Controle e Aquisição de Dados (SCADA), as medições fasoriais apresentam maior precisão, maior taxa de amostragem e são grandezas fasoriais sincronizadas, enquanto que as medições do sistema SCADA são medidas de módulo, não sincronizadas e de menor precisão. Para que as aplicações em regime permanente possam se beneficiar das medidas providas pelas PMUs, essas medidas devem ser filtradas por um processo de estimação de estado. Apesar da precisão e da confiabilidade, as medidas provenientes de PMUs ainda podem conter erros causados no processo de medição, os quais precisam ser eliminados antes que as informações providas pelas PMUs sejam usadas nas tarefas de controle e operação da rede. Apesar de todos os investimentos e desenvolvimentos relacionados às PMUs, atualmente, devido ao grande custo associado à instalação dessas unidades, não se considera viável o desenvolvimento de sistemas de medição que permitam que redes sejam totalmente observáveis apenas com o uso de medições fasoriais. A literatura apresenta algumas técnicas capazes de considerar simultaneamente medidas fasoriais e medidas convencionais no processo de estimação de estado. Neste trabalho, são apresentados e avaliados os principais estimadores de estado de uma e duas fases disponíveis na literatura. Além disso, o estimador tradicional, sem a presença de medidas fasoriais, foi usado como base de comparação. Na primeira etapa do processo de avaliação é analisada a qualidade dos estimadores de estado na presença de medidas perfeitas e na presença de medidas contendo erros gaussianos aleatórios. Erros gaussianos aleatórios são os erros típicos dos processos de medição e, portanto, são considerados aceitáveis. Na segunda etapa do processo de avaliação, os estimadores são avaliados na presença de medidas contendo erros gaussianos aleatórios e erros grosseiros. Os erros grosseiros, ao contrário dos erros gaussianos, não são considerados aceitáveis e devem ser removidos durante o processo de estimação de estado. A fim de tornar a análise mais ampla e realista, os três principais mecanismos de cálculo de desvios padrão propostos na literatura são considerados na avaliação do estimadores. Assim, são considerados cenários com desvios padrão fixos, desvios padrão calculados em função dos valores das medidas e desvios padrão calculados em função dos valores medidos e dos fundos de escala dos medidores. Para a detecção e identificação de erros grosseiros é adotado o método do Maior Resíduo Normalizado, já que este é o mecanismo mais confiável, robusto e aceito para tal finalidade. São apresentados testes realizados na rede de 14 barras do IEEE. Esta rede é amplamente adotada em teses e artigos especializados da área, o que facilita a comparações de resultados / Abstract: In last decades, the use of Phasor Measurement Units (PMU) in electrical power transmission systems has been widely discussed. According to the literature, several applications may be benefited with the use of these measurements. When they are compared with conventional measurements provided by Supervisory control and data adquisition (SCADA), phasor measurements are more accurate, have a high sampling rate and are synchronized, while the SCADA measurements only provide magnitude measurements, are not synchronized and are less accurate. For applications in steady operation can be benefited from the measurements provided by PMUs, these measurements must be filtered by a state estimation process. Despite the accuracy and reliability, measurements from PMUs may contain errors caused by the measurement process, they must be eliminated before the informations provided by PMUs are used in control tasks and network operation. Moreover, despite all the investments and developments related to PMUs, currently, because of the cost associated to the installation of these units; it is not considered feasible the development of measurement systems that allow electric networks to be fully observable only with the use of phasor measurements. The literature presents some techniques that are able to consider simultaneously phasor measurements and conventional measurements in the state estimation process. In this work, the main state estimators of one and two phases available in the literature are presented and evaluated. Moreover, the traditional state estimator was used to compare results. In the first part of evaluation process, the quality of state estimators in the presence of perfect measurements and measurements containing random gaussian errors is analyzed. Gaussian random errors are typical of measurement processes and therefore, they are considered acceptable. In the second part, the state estimators are evaluated in the presence of measurements containing random gaussian errors and gross errors. Gross errors, unlike the gaussian errors, are not acceptable and must be removed during the state estimation process. In order to make the analysis more comprehensive and realistic, the three main mechanisms of standard deviation calculation that are proposed in the literature are considered in state estimators evaluation. So, scenarios with fixed standard deviations, standard deviations calculated according to measurement values and standard deviations calculated according to measurements values and the full scale of meters are considered. For the detection and identification of gross errors, the large normalized residual test (LNR) is adopted, since this test is more reliable, robust and acceptable for this purpose. Tests in IEEE14 network are carried out. This network is widely adopted in theses and articles specialized in the field which facilitates the comparison of results / Mestrado / Energia Eletrica / Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica

O Setor Elétrico Brasileiro tem sofrido nos últimos anos profundas transformações, principalmente nas questões voltadas à comercialização de energia. A criação do mercado, introduzindo o modelo competitivo, com a lei das concessões (Lei 8.987/95), a instituição do livre acesso, criação do produtor independente, consumidor livre e rede básica (Lei 9.074/95), criação da ANEEL (Lei 9.427/96), regulamentação do Mercado Atacadista de Energia (MAE, atual CCEE - Câmara de Comercialização de Energia Elétrica) e definição das regras de organização do Operador Nacional do Sistema (ONS), Lei 9.648/98, resultando na criação dos agentes de geração, transmissão, distribuição e comercialização. O objetivo da criação do mercado foi desonerar o poder público dos investimentos em infra-estrutura, por meio da atração do capital privado, estimulando a livre concorrência, aumentando-se assim a competitividade. Dentro deste novo arcabouço regulatório, considerando-se então o ambiente competitivo, surgem os aspectos referentes à medição de energia elétrica, cujas bases técnicas atuais vigentes estão fundamentadas nas recomendações oriundas de especialistas que integraram a Força Tarefa Medição no âmbito do Grupo RESEB (Projeto de Reestruturação do Setor Elétrico Brasileiro) requisitos técnicos estes que norteiam os processos de especificação, implantação e manutenção dos Sistemas de Medição para Faturamento do SIN (Sistema Interligado Nacional). No presente trabalho apresenta-se uma avaliação crítica dos aspectos relativos à adequação/instalação dos Sistemas de Medição para Faturamento no que diz respeito à Regulação, Especificação Técnica e discussões atuais existentes entre os Agentes de Mercado. Para permitir solucionar eventuais entraves nos processos, são apresentadas contribuições, no sentido de indicar alternativas que visam consolidar as operações do mercado de energia no Brasil, que passam sem dúvida pela implantação dos Sistemas de Medição para Faturamento, bem como é abordado o tema Custos, que mediante simulações, procura-se identificar aos elegíveis futuros Consumidores Livres e Especiais a viabilidade de migrar para o Ambiente de Livre Contratação frente aos custos da medição. / The Brazilian electric sector has undergone profound changes in recent years mainly focused on issues the marketing of energy. The establishment of the market entering the competitive model, with the concessions law (Law 8.987/95), the institution of free access, creation of the independent producer, consumer and core network free (Law 9.074/95), creation of ANEEL (Law 9427 / 96), regulation of the Wholesale Energy Market (MAE, today CCEE - Electric Power Commercialization Chamber) and defining the arrangements for the National System Operator (ONS), Law 9.648/98, resulting in the creation of agents of generation, transmission, distribution and commercialization. The objective of establishing the market was able to relieve the public of investments in infrastructure, through the attraction of private capital, encouraging free competition by increasing the competitiveness. Within this new regulatory framework, considering the competitive environment then there are aspects related to the measurement of electrical energy, whose bases are existing techniques based on current recommendations from experts who joined the Task Force - Measurement Group under the RE-SEB (Project for Restructuring of the Brazilian energy sector), these technical requirements that guide the process of specification, deployment and maintenance of Measurement Systems for Billing of SIN National Interconnected System. In this work presents a critical evaluation of aspects concerning the adequacy / installation of the Measurement Systems for Billing with regard to regulation, technical specification and current conflicts between the agents of the market. To allow any obstacles in resolving cases, contributions are made to indicate alternatives aimed at consolidating the operations of the energy market in Brazil that are without doubt the deployment of Measurement Systems for Billing and is dealt with the issue that cost through simulations seeks to identify eligible for future free consumers and the viability of Special to the Environment migrate Free Recruitment front the costs of measurement.

Our thesis is about development of equipment, which combine two technology. First technology is wattmeter which is used to energy measurement and second is Power line communication. Wattmeter needs two variables for measurement, voltage and current. Voltage measurement is less difficult than measurement of current. Voltage can be reduce and measured by A/D converter. Current has to be transform to voltage and than can be measured same way. To do that we use current transformer. Than we design program for the microcontroller, involvement and PCB. Wattmeter is connect to PLC modem which has been chosen. Fusing this two technology we create wattmeter network. Next step was program which is used to network control and data collecting. This data are used to create charts in web application.

This diploma thesis aims to briefly interpret problems relating to continuity of distribution of electrical energy in a distribution network of low voltage. It also mentions methods of calculation of a distribution system´s reliability which are the most used in practice. Next, there is a chapter dedicated to how distribution networks are projected and operated in the Czech Republic and in the United Kingdom. Based on experiences with meshed networks operation this thesis designs protection of meshed distribution network of low voltage. In the end, a non-sequential method of Monte Carlo is used to calculate System Average Interruption Index (SAIDI) and System Average Interruption Frequency index (SAIFI).

<p>Jedan od najvažnijih parametara kvaliteta električne energije u<br />distributivnoj mreži je harmonijski sastav naponskih i strujnih<br />signala. U disertaciji je razmatrano integrisano merilo harmonika,<br />na principu stohastičke rezonance. Uopštenje postojećeg teorijskog<br />modela rada merila, ostvareno je ukidanjem pojedinih pretpostavki o<br />idealizovanim uslovima rada: idealni intervali merenja, poznata i<br />nepromenljiva osnovna učestanost, idelane diterske sekvence. Na<br />osnovu teorijske analize, simulacija i praktičnih merenja, date su<br />procene reda veličine za svaku od navedenih grešaka. Na kraju je dato<br />šest preporuka za modifikaciju hardvera i načine obrade rezultata<br />merenja, koje mogu značajno poboljšati metrološke performanse<br />budućih generacija ovih merila.</p> / <p>One of the most important power quality indicators in power grids is the<br />harmonic composition of voltage and current signals. In this thesis an<br />integrated harmonic instrument has been considered, which operates on the<br />principle of the stochastic resonance. Generalization of the existing<br />theoretical model of the instrument was realized by terminating several<br />idealistic assumptions: perfect measurement intervals, known and stable<br />fundamental frequency, ideal dithering sequences. Based on the performed<br />theoretical analysis, simulations and practical measurements, estimates have<br />been given for each of the measurement error sources. Finally, six<br />recommendations were given for the modification of the hardware and the<br />results processing in order to achieve significantly better metrological<br />performances in future generations of this instrument.</p>

<p>  </p> <p>This dissertation is composed of three main articles, which are detailed below.</p> <p>First article: The proliferation of prosumers generates the opportunity to have a more decentralized and open energy market. Given this opportunity, the Peer-to-Peer (P2P) trading energy paradigm appears, where consumers and prosumers can exchange energy without an intermediary. Because P2P energy trading plays a fundamental role in the proliferation of renewable energies and the system flexibility for a low-carbon energy transition, this article provides a review of the P2P energy trading that is necessary to understand the current approaches, challenges, and future research that should be conducted in this area. As a result, areas for consideration were identified and grouped into the following six topics: (1) trading platform, (2) blockchain, (3) game theory, (4) simulation, (5) optimization, and (6) algorithms. The study identified several challenges that may give way to future research, such as integrating generation, transmission, and distribution into studies, large-scale studies, and modeling consumer and prosumer complex behavior. Given that P2P energy trading is a relatively new topic, there is still much work to be done to implement the real-world model successfully.</p> <p>Second article: Along with the <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/exponential-growth" target="_blank">exponential growth</a> of distributed energy sources in the last decade, net-metering programs have expanded to encourage investment in renewable energy. However, several countries and some states in the United States are ending these programs. Therefore, it is needed to explore alternatives to net-metering programs to continue encouraging the adoption of renewable energies. In this paper, Peer-to-Peer (P2P) models are studied as viable options to net-metering. In particular, the evaluation and comparison of the net-metering model to two P2P models is proposed. The first P2P model used the power grid for electricity exchange, and the other used electric vehicles. Simulations of a 50 household <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/micro-grids" target="_blank">microgrid</a> with access to electric vehicles and <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/photovoltaics" target="_blank">photovoltaic</a> generation were run to achieve this objective. Technical and economic indexes were established to measure the performance of the three models. The results indicated that the P2P model using the grid shows the best performance, followed by the P2P model using electric vehicles. </p> <p>Third article: Solar generation has increased rapidly in recent years worldwide, and it is projected to continue to grow exponentially. A problem exists in that the increase in solar energy generation will increase the probability of grid disturbances. This article focused on analyzing the grid disturbances caused by the massive integration to the transmission line utility-scale solar loaded to the balancing authority high voltage transmission lines in four regions of the United States electrical system: (1) California, (2) Southwest, (3) New England, and (4) New York. Statistical analysis of equality of means was carried out to detect changes in the energy balance and peak power. Results show that when comparing the difference between hourly net generation and demand, energy imbalance occurs in the regions with the highest solar generation: California and Southwest. No significant difference was found in any of the four regions in relation to the energy peaks. The results imply that regions with greater utility level solar energy adoption must conduct greater energy exchanges with other regions to reduce potential disturbances to the grid. It is essential to bear in mind that as the installed solar generation capacity increases, the potential energy imbalances created in the grid increase. </p>

<p>  The interfacial reactions of the electrolytes at the electrode-electrolyte interface determine critical properties of the battery chemistries including the reaction reversibility, kinetic, and thermal stability etc. Rationally designing the solvation structure of the liquid electrolytes is paramount in altering their interfacial behaviors and achieving desirable battery performance. This thesis aims to provide fundamental understandings to the electrolyte solvation structure design in its correlations to the battery interphase stability and formation mechanism, interfacial desolvation kinetic, and thermal stability, providing strategies to build next-generation secondary batteries with improved energy density, wide-temperature capability, and thermal safety. </p> <p>Developing high-voltage lithium metal battery (LMB) with metallic Li anode and nickel-rich metal oxide cathode is a feasible approach to enhance the battery energy density. However, inferior interfacial stabilities of conventional electrolytes towards highly reductive anode and oxidative cathode cause severe parasitic reactions. This thesis investigates the solvation structures of ether-based electrolytes and their interfacial decomposition pathways to selectively control the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) composition. Combined theoretical and experimental studies demonstrate that lessening the coordination strength of the solvent molecules can improve the ion aggregating degrees in the solvation shell and preferentially promote the anion decomposition. Detailed surficial characterizations identify that weakly-solvating electrolytes generate robust SEIs with enriched inorganic components on anode and cathode surface, which kinetically prohibits parasitic reactions. The strategy successfully facilitates the long-term cycling of high energy LMBs. Weakening the solvent coordination ability is also identified effective to promote the desolvation kinetic and realize high battery energy retention at low temperatures.</p> <p>The approach of tailoring ion-pairing behavior to achieve stabilized electrode-electrolyte interface is further validated in multivalent battery systems such as Magnesium-ion batteries (MIBs). Multivalent cations like Mg2+ and Zn2+ possess high electron density which results in strong coordination to solvent molecules and hindered desolvation process. They usually induce large reaction overpotential and low efficiency. The methoxy-amine-based electrolytes for MIBs are selected in terms of elucidating their interfacial failure mechanism and the solvation structure-dependent reaction stabilities with Mg metal anode. The study reveals an unknown amine solvent dehydrogenation mechanism that compromises the Mg anode stability. The tight coordination between solvent amine group (-NH2) and cation causes its direct reduction with H2 release. The dehydrogenation products tend to diffuse into the liquid electrolyte phase, which promotes the interfacial electrolyte decay. This work also demonstrates the approach to strengthen the solvent molecule stabilities via restructuring the Mg2+ solvation shell. Introducing anion coordination to Mg2+ can effectively relief the amine-cation interaction and suppress its reduction. As the result, hundreds of stable cycling from Mg metal anode with more than 99.6 % efficiency is achieved.</p> <p>Finally, the thermal stability of electrolytes featuring various solvation structures are studied in LMBs via quantitative thermal analysis and surficial characterization techniques. The thermal runaway of batteries which is known to be initiated via SEI decomposition and propagated by exothermic electrode-electrolyte reactions exhibit great dependence on the solvation structures of the liquid electrolytes. The results suggest that strong solvent-coordinating electrolytes with solvent-separated ion pair structures are prone to exothermic reduction decompositions. While the organic-rich SEI tends to decompose at low temperatures and initiate thermal runaway easily. Therefore, designing electrolytes with anion involved solvation shells that generate inorganic SEI can effectively mitigate the thermal runaway behavior. Supplementary research focusing on the thermal safety of Potassium-ion battery also indicates the critical role of SEI stability on the overall battery safety aspect, which is governed by the electrolyte composition.</p>

<p dir="ltr">The demand for sustainable and renewable energy sources has prompted significant research and development efforts in the field of biomass gasification. Biomass gasification technology holds significant promise for sustainable energy production, offering a renewable alternative to fossil fuels while mitigating environmental impact. This thesis presents a detailed study on the design, development, and implementation of a Plug-Flow Reactor Biomass Gasifier integrated with an Automated Auger Jam Detection System and a Blower Algorithm to maintain constant reactor pressure by varying blower speed with respect to changes in reactor pressure. The system is based on indirectly- heated pyrolytic gasification technology and is developed using Simulink™.</p><p dir="ltr">The proposed gasification system use the principles of pyrolysis and gasification to convert biomass feedstock into syngas efficiently. An innovative plug-flow reactor configuration ensures uniform heat distribution and residence time, optimizing gasification performance and product quality. Additionally, the system incorporates an automated auger jam detection system, which utilizes sensor data to detect and mitigate auger jams in real-time, thereby enhancing operational reliability and efficiency. By monitoring these parameters, the system detects deviations from normal operating conditions indicative of auger jams and initiates corrective actions automatically. The detection algorithm is trained using test cases and validated through detailed testing to ensure accurate and reliable performance.</p><p dir="ltr">The MATLAB™-based implementation offers flexibility, scalability, and ease of integration with existing gasifier control systems. The graphical user interface (GUI) provides operators with real-time monitoring and visualization of system status, auger performance, and detected jam events. Additionally, the system generates alerts and notifications to inform operators of detected jams, enabling timely intervention and preventive maintenance. </p><p dir="ltr">To maintain consistent gasification conditions, a blower algorithm is developed to regulate airflow and maintain constant reactor pressure within the gasifier. The blower algorithm dynamically adjusts blower speed based on feedback from differential pressure sensors, ensuring optimal gasification performance under varying operating conditions. The integration of the blower algorithm into the gasification system contributes to stable syngas production and improved process control. The development of the Plug-Flow Reactor Biomass Gasifier, Automated Auger Jam Detection System, and Blower Algorithm is accompanied by rigorous simulation studies and experimental validation.</p><p dir="ltr">Overall, this thesis contributes to the advancement of biomass gasification technology by presenting a detailed study on a plug flow reactor biomass gasifier with indirectly- heated pyrolytic gasification technology with an Automated Auger Jam Detection System and Blower Algorithm. The findings offer valuable insights for researchers, engineers, policymakers, and industry stakeholders supporting the transition towards cleaner and more renewable energy systems.</p>