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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
111

[en] EFFECTIVENESS OF A TECHNOLOGICAL SOLUTION FOR REDUCING ELECTRICAL ENERGY PILFERAGE IN DISTRIBUTION COMPANIES: A CASE STUDY / [pt] EFICÁCIA DE SOLUÇÃO TECNOLÓGICA PARA REDUÇÃO DE FURTOS DE ENERGIA ELÉTRICA EM EMPRESAS DISTRIBUIDORAS: ESTUDO DE CASO

CLAUDIA ZUCCOLOTTO REIS 03 March 2006 (has links)
[pt] As perdas de energia elétrica, particularmente as comerciais, constituem problema importante e complexo para as empresas distribuidoras. O problema só se apresenta de forma aguda nos países em desenvolvimento, onde o percentual de perdas por furto é elevado e adquire importantes conotações sociais, políticas e culturais. Isso explica o fato de empresas brasileiras de distribuição de energia elétrica investirem recursos apreciáveis para mitigar esse problema e ressalta a importância de um tema ainda pouco explorado na literatura técnico-científica. Esta dissertação, de caráter exploratório, tem como objetivo estudar o problema de perda de energia por desvio e a eficácia de soluções tecnológicas investigando o caso de uma empresa e os resultados obtidos em projeto recente. Ao tempo do estudo, a empresa implantava uma tecnologia cujo objetivo principal era identificar os clientes que desviam energia elétrica e, posteriormente, tornar o processo de faturamento automatizado. O estudo partiu de algumas questões julgadas mais relevantes, incluindo: Quanto a empresa ganhou com a instalação desta tecnologia? Como se comporta o consumo dos clientes antes e depois da instalação da tecnologia? Há correlação entre o ganho da empresa e o poder aquisitivo da população da área? Há efeito demonstração de uma área sobre suas vizinhas? A partir destas questões foram analisadas séries de dados referentes ao consumo medido antes e após a instalação da nova tecnologia. Os resultados indicam a viabilidade da tecnologia como eficaz paliativo de curto-prazo para o problema cuja solução definitiva envolve tratamento concomitante dos aspectos sociais, políticos e culturais. / [en] Electrical energy losses, chiefly, commercial losses, constitute an important and complex problem for energy distribution companies worldwide. However, only in developing countries the problem becomes acute because theft losses are large, and coupled with social, legal, political and cultural issues. This explains why Brazilian energy distribution companies dedicate sizable investments for mitigating the problem, and stresses the importance of a theme still largely unexplored in the technical-scientific literature. This thesis, of exploratory nature, addresses the problem and assesses the effectiveness of technological solutions by investigating the case of a recent project developed in a Brazilian company. At the time of the research, the company was implementing a new and original technology, whose main objective was to identify pilfering clients, and later on, to make the billing process more automated. The study started with some questions judged more relevant, including: How large was the gain yielded by the new technology? How does the energy consumption behave after the technological change? Is there a correlation between the gain obtained and the areas of lesser purchasing power? Is there a demonstration effect upon neighboring areas? Starting from these questions, series of historical data on measured consumption before and after the new technology were analyzed. The results indicate the feasibility of the technology as an effective shortterm palliative for the problem whose ultimate solution involves the concurrent treatment of the social, legal, political e cultural aspects.
112

Cost savings on mine dewatering pumps by reducing preparation- and comeback loads / Charl Cilliers

Cilliers, Charl January 2014 (has links)
Using chilled water within South African gold mines is paramount to the purpose of extracting gold ore efficiently. Using water for cooling, drilling and sweeping and the release of underground fissure water causes the accumulation of vast amounts of water in underground dams. Deep mines use cascading pump systems for dewatering, which is an electrical energy intensive dewatering method. Due to the recent equalisation of demand to generation capacity of electrical energy in South Africa, various methods towards demand side reduction have been implemented. With the introduction of a time-of-use (TOU) tariff structure by Eskom, the implementation of projects that shift load from peak TOU times to times of the day when electrical energy is less expensive has increased. To enable load shifting on mine dewatering pumps, preparation before and recovery after peak TOU is needed for effective results. This induces a preparation- and comeback load in the standard TOU. With an annual increase in TOU tariffs and the rate of increase of standard TOU being greater than that of the peak TOU, a reduction in electrical energy consumption before and after peak TOU is needed. To enable this, a step-by-step control technique was developed to promote the shifting of load from standard- to off-peak TOU, while still realising a full load shift from peak TOU. This technique entails dynamic control ranges of underground dam levels as opposed to the conventional constant control range method. Two case studies were used to test the developed technique. Results indicated significant additional financial savings when compared to conventional control methods. Additional savings of R1,096,056.65 and R579,394.27 per annum were respectively achieved for both case studies. / MIng (Mechanical Engineering), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014
113

Σύνθετες διατάξεις φωτοβολταϊκών και θερμικών ηλιακών συσκευών / Combined systems of photovoltaics and solar thermal collectors

Αποστολοπούλου, Αντιγόνη 07 June 2013 (has links)
Η ηλιακή ενέργεια μπορεί να συμβάλει στην αντιμετώπιση του ενεργειακού προβλήματος, με την ευρεία αξιοποίηση των φωτοβολταϊκών και των θερμικών ηλιακών συλλεκτών. Τα φωτοβολταϊκά συστήματα που συνδυάζονται με θερμικές μονάδες κυκλοφορίας νερού ή αέρα, για την απολαβή της θερμότητας από αυτά και την ικανοποιητική διατήρηση της απόδοσής των, αποτελούν τα υβριδικά φωτοβολταϊκά/θερμικά συστήματα (φβ/θ). Τα συστήματα αυτά παράγουν ηλεκτρική και θερμική ενέργεια ταυτόχρονα, αυξάνοντας την ολική παραγόμενη ενέργεια. Με τη χρήση ορισμένων διατάξεων βελτίωσης της απολαβής της θερμότητας από τα φωτοβολταϊκά και της αύξησης της αποδιδόμενης ενέργειας των φωτοβολταϊκών και των θερμικών ηλιακών συλλεκτών, είναι δυνατή η βελτίωση της αποδοτικότητας των συσκευών αυτών, για μια πιο αποτελεσματική εφαρμογή τους στα κτήρια. Η διπλωματική εργασία που ακολουθεί περιλαμβάνει τη μελέτη φωτοβολταϊκών, υβριδικών φωτοβολταϊκών και θερμικών ηλιακών συσκευών. Πραγματοποιήθηκε μελέτη υβριδικού φωτοβολταϊκού/θερμικού συστήματος αέρα με διάφορες βελτιώσεις της αποδοτικής λειτουργίας του και με την προσθήκη μεταλλικών φύλλων ή σωλήνων ροής νερού στον αεραγωγό. Ακόμη, μελετήθηκε επίπεδος ηλιακός θερμικός συλλέκτης με προσθήκη διάφορων τύπων ανακλαστήρων (λευκή επιφάνεια, γαλβανιζέ μεταλλικό φύλλο και καθρέφτης). Πραγματοποιήθηκαν επίσης πειράματα με σωλήνα κενού, ο οποίος συνδυάστηκε με ανακλαστήρες για την αύξηση της προσλαμβανόμενης ηλιακής ακτινοβολίας και βελτίωση της αποδιδόμενης θερμότητας. Με βάση τα αποτελέσματα παρατίθενται συμπεράσματα και προτάσεις σχετικά με τις σύνθετες διατάξεις που αναφέρθηκαν. / Solar energy systems can contribute to energy demand by the proper synergy of photovoltaics and solar thermal collectors. The PV modules which are combined with thermal units and circulating water or air to extract the heat from them, constitute the hybrid photovoltaic/thermal systems (PV/T). These systems provide electrical and thermal energy simultaneously, increasing the total energy output. Adapting some effective heat extraction elements to PV modules and applying devices to have solar radiation increase by the absorbing surfaces of PV and of thermal collectors, an improvement of operation and performance of these systems can be achieved regarding their application to buildings. The thesis that follows includes a study of photovoltaics, hybrid photovoltaic/ thermal systems and solar thermal collectors. More specifically, a study of an air heating hybrid photovoltaic/thermal system was performed, improving suitably the heat extraction by inserting corrugated metallic sheets or water pipes, inside the air channel that is attached to rear surface of PV modules. In addition, a solar thermal collector was studied, by applying several types of reflectors (white plate reflector, galvanized iron plate reflector and specular reflector). Furthermore, a vacuum tube type collector was tested, combined also with reflectors to increase input solar radiation and increase thermal performance. Finally, conclusions and suggestions for a further study, on the above mentioned solar energy systems is included, based on the reported experimental results.
114

O impacto dos custos n?o-gerenci?veis na determina??o das tarifas de energia el?trica: um estudo nas companhias distribuidoras do nordeste que tiveram revis?o tarif?ria nos exerc?cios de 2003 e 2004

Tavares, Adilson de Lima 09 June 2006 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:53:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AdilsonLT.pdf: 357423 bytes, checksum: 891f79b8b20c98062f6b6425fdf20178 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-06-09 / This work presents results derived from a study related to impact on non-controllable costs in the determination of energy taxes. This is done analyzing tax review practiced by concessionaries responsible for the distribution of electrical energy located in the Northeastern Region of Brazil, between 2003 and 2004. This Region was chosen as a study area due to the researcher s expectation in congregating companies that deliver services to markets that have similar social-economical profiles. A brief explanation related to the restructuring of the electrical sector in Brazil is presented, pointing out that there was privatization of the great majority of these companies. The study also points out the definition of regulating rules in service delivery process. The components of taxes that are practiced by these companies aimed at final consumers, as well as the market as a whole and the revision process that is executed by Ag?ncia Nacional de Energia El?trica ANEEL for the definition of these taxes are demonstrated in the research. A brief historical of the concessionaires that were focus of the research is presented, totaling five companies. Some data used by ANEEL in the tax review process was analyzed as well as data on components of approved taxes. It is concluded that as a media 47, 49% of the components of taxes in the researched companies correspond to the non-controllable costs. These is done considering previous classification by ANEEL in the tax review process. Although, if it is considered that these companies since 2006, by the means of participation in energy auctions are able to negotiate energy prices for their own needs, it is concluded that these concession contracts guarantee the delivery of the service to the costumer in the total tribute. The percentage of non-controllable costs is 16, 27% average of the tax. This means, amongst other information, that the government has a great deal of responsibility in the formation of price practiced by these companies and its target markets / Este trabalho apresenta o resultado de um estudo do impacto dos custos n?o-gerenci?veis na determina??o das tarifas de energia el?trica decorrentes do processo de revis?o tarif?ria, ocorrido nos exerc?cios de 2003 e 2004, nas concession?rias de distribui??o de energia el?trica localizadas na Regi?o Nordeste do Brasil. A escolha da Regi?o Nordeste como ?rea de estudo, deve-se ? expectativa do pesquisador em congregar no estudo empresas que prestem servi?os a mercados com perfis s?cio-econ?mico similares. ? apresentada uma breve explana??o sobre a reestrutura??o do setor el?trico no Brasil, tendo como conseq??ncia a privatiza??o da maioria das distribuidoras de energia e a defini??o das regras de regula??o na presta??o do servi?o. S?o demonstrados os componentes das tarifas de energia el?trica praticadas pelas concession?rias aos consumidores finais de seus mercados e o processo de revis?o tarif?ria executado pela Ag?ncia Nacional de Energia El?trica ANEEL para defini??o dessas tarifas. ? feito um breve hist?rico das concession?rias pesquisadas, num total de cinco companhias. Por fim, s?o discutidos os dados utilizados pela ANEEL no processo de revis?o tarif?ria e analisados os componentes das tarifas aprovadas. Conclui-se que, em m?dia, 47,49% dos componentes das tarifas das empresas pesquisadas correspondem a custos n?o-gerenci?veis, ? luz da classifica??o utilizada pela ANEEL no processo de revis?o tarif?ria. Entretanto, se considerado que as distribuidoras, a partir do exerc?cio de 2006, t?m a capacidade de negociar o pre?o de compra da energia para a totalidade de sua necessidade, participando de leil?es de energia, e que os contratos de concess?o garantem o repasse ao consumidor da totalidade dos tributos, o percentual dos custos n?o-gerenci?veis passa a ser, em m?dia, de 16,27% da tarifa, o que significa, dentre outras informa??es, que o poder p?blico tem uma consider?vel parcela de responsabilidade na forma??o dos pre?os de energia praticados pelas concession?rias em seus mercados de atua??o
115

Políticas de provisão de serviços de utilidade pública na Ilha Grande: o fornecimento de energia elétrica na Vila Dois Rios / Policies for the provision of public utilities on the Ilha Grande: the supply of electrical energy in the Vila Dois Rios

Emerson Silva de Freitas 09 December 2010 (has links)
Esta dissertação é apresenta como tema central o fornecimento de energia elétrica em áreas protegidas como é caso da Ilha Grande , distrito de Angra dos Reis e situada no litoral sul do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Os diferentes usos de energia elétrica estão relacionados às diferentes funções da ilha ao longo de cinco séculos de ocupação em que destaca-se a função de segurança pública com o complexo presidiário, a função de proteção ambiental com as categorias da APA , PARQUE, RESERVA BIOLÓGICA e com a função mais recente que é de atrativo turístico. / This thesis is presented as the central theme of electricity supply in protected areas as is the case of Ilha Grande, Angra dos Reis district and located on the southern coast of Rio de Janeiro. The different uses of electricity are related to the different functions of the island over five centuries of occupation in which we highlight the role of public safety in the prison complex, the task of environmental protection with the categories of the APA, parks, biological reserves and with the most recent function that is a tourist attraction.
116

Microgeração solar fotovoltaica conectada à rede: análise da qualidade da energia / Solar grid-connected photovoltaic microgeneration: energy quality analysis

Santiago, Gregory Luid Souza 21 February 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Lara Oliveira (lara@ufersa.edu.br) on 2017-06-29T18:40:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 GregoryLSS_DISSERT.pdf: 2365446 bytes, checksum: d4abe11e0270841ffc2cbf5442616e03 (MD5) / Rejected by Vanessa Christiane (referencia@ufersa.edu.br), reason: Corrigir referência. on 2017-07-03T12:21:23Z (GMT) / Submitted by Lara Oliveira (lara@ufersa.edu.br) on 2017-07-04T14:44:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 GregoryLSS_DISSERT.pdf: 2365446 bytes, checksum: d4abe11e0270841ffc2cbf5442616e03 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Vanessa Christiane (referencia@ufersa.edu.br) on 2017-07-04T16:49:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 GregoryLSS_DISSERT.pdf: 2365446 bytes, checksum: d4abe11e0270841ffc2cbf5442616e03 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Vanessa Christiane (referencia@ufersa.edu.br) on 2017-07-04T16:58:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 GregoryLSS_DISSERT.pdf: 2365446 bytes, checksum: d4abe11e0270841ffc2cbf5442616e03 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-04T16:58:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GregoryLSS_DISSERT.pdf: 2365446 bytes, checksum: d4abe11e0270841ffc2cbf5442616e03 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-21 / Distributed photovoltaic systems currently have a great potential for growth, due to several factors that make it quite attractive, among them: tariff parity reached in the coming years in some countries, reduction of installation costs, government incentives, and sector regulation, among others. Since these are relatively new types of systems, many researches have been carried out to study the behavior of a distributed photovoltaic generation system connected to the distribution grid. In this sense, the main objective of this work is to analyze the impact generated in energy quality by the installation of a Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System (GCPV) installed in UFERSA, located in Mossoró/RN. Through the evaluation of the main parameters of energy quality generated by the GCPV, it was verified that the installation of a distributed photovoltaic system connected at low voltage causes small changes in some parameters, such as elevation in the steady state voltage, reduction of the power factor of the installation and increase in the value of the total harmonic distortion rate of current. In the work in question, all variations found did not exceed the limits established by the current regulations. It was also verified that the installation of the GCPV caused a daily reduction of up to 38% in the average active energy consumed, considering the phase in which the system is interconnected / Os sistemas fotovoltaicos distribuídos possuem atualmente um grande potencial de crescimento, devido a diversos fatores que o tornam bastante atraentes, dentre eles: paridade tarifária sendo alcançada nos próximos anos em alguns países, redução dos custos de instalação, incentivos governamentais, regulação do setor, entre outros. Por tratar-se de tipos de sistemas relativamente novos, muitas pesquisas têm sido desenvolvidas no intuito de estudar o comportamento de um sistema de geração fotovoltaica distribuída, conectado à rede elétrica de distribuição. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo principal analisar o impacto gerado na qualidade de energia pela instalação de um Sistema Fotovoltaico Conectado à Rede (SFCR) instalado na UFERSA, localizada em Mossoró/RN. Através da avaliação dos principais parâmetros de qualidade de energia gerados pelo SFCR verificou-se que a instalação de um sistema fotovoltaico distribuído conectado em baixa tensão provoca pequenas alterações em alguns parâmetros, tais como: elevação na tensão de regime permanente, redução do fator de potência da instalação e acréscimo no valor da taxa de distorção harmônica total de corrente. No trabalho em questão, todas as variações constatadas não ultrapassaram os limites estabelecidos pelas normas vigentes. Constatou-se, ainda, que a instalação do SFCR provocou redução diária de até 38% na energia ativa média consumida, considerando a fase na qual o sistema está interconectado / 2017-06-29
117

Estimação espacial da migração de consumidores residenciais para a tarifa branca em sistemas de distribuição de energia elétrica /

Cunha, Pedro Paulo. January 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Antonio Padilha Feltrin / Resumo: Neste trabalho o espaço geográfico é incorporado ao estudo da análise das potencialidades de migração de consumidores residenciais para uma nova opção tarifária: a tarifa branca. Os trabalhos avaliados no tema não incorporam a análise espacial de dados geográficos. Em geral apresentam as classes de consumo que mais se beneficiam com a adoção da nova opção tarifária e aspectos relacionados à estrutura tarifária de energia elétrica no Brasil. No entanto, o estudo das características do lugar onde pode ser mais provável a migração massiva de consumidores para a tarifa branca pode trazer informações relevantes para direcionar a atenção das distribuidoras de energia na aquisição de medidores eletrônicos e outros equipamentos para determinadas regiões da área urbana do município. Promove-se dessa forma um melhor dimensionamento do sistema elétrico. Os resultados deste trabalho são mapas de probabilidades úteis para indicar as subáreas onde há maior probabilidade de migração de consumidores residenciais para a tarifa branca. Esses mapas indicam que algumas regiões da cidade como a porção central e leste para os anos de 2018 e 2019 exibem maior probabilidade de unidades consumidoras aptas a migrarem para a tarifa branca. Portanto, há nessas regiões uma tendência de redução da demanda de ponta (ou de pico). Espera-se uma mudança de perfil de carga daqueles alimentadores que atendem regiões onde há maior quantidade de consumidores que irão migrar para a tarifa branca. O espaço é incorp... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: In this work the geographic space is incorporated to the study of the analysis of the potentialities of migration of residential consumers for a new tariff option: the white tariff. The works evaluated in the theme do not incorporate the spatial analysis of geographic data. In general, they present the classes of consumption that most benefit from the adoption of the new tariff option and aspects related to the tariff structure of electric energy in Brazil. However, the study of the characteristics of the place where the massive migration of consumers to the white tariff may be most likely to bring relevant information to direct the attention of energy distributors in the acquisition of electronic meters and other equipment for certain regions of the urban area of the County. In this way, a better design of the electrical system is promoted. The results of this work are useful probability maps to indicate the subareas where there is a greater probability of migration of residential consumers to the white tariff. These maps indicate that some regions of the city such as the central and eastern portions for the years 2018 and 2019 are more likely to be consumer units able to migrate to the white tariff. Therefore, there is a tendency in these regions to reduce the peak (or peak) demand. A load profile change is expected from those feeders serving regions where there are more consumers who will migrate to the white tariff. The space is incorporated in this work through technique... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre
118

O contrato de compra de energia elétrica no ambiente livre

Rêgo, Lísia Mora January 2017 (has links)
Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar o contrato de compra de energia no ambiente livre, diante da escassa doutrina existente na área, mormente no campo do Direito Privado. Trazem-se noções do setor elétrico brasileiro e dos seus dois ambientes de comercialização de energia, em razão de suas peculiaridades e relevância para a compreensão do tema. A energia como objeto singulariza o contrato, por tratar-se de uma commodity não estocável, do ponto de vista físico, e de bem móvel, do ponto de vista normativo. Em vista das características verificadas no bem energia, o instrumento apto a regrar as transferências de sua propriedade é a compra e venda. O contrato em exame é típico, pois previsto no Decreto n. 5.163/2004, o qual, além de ressaltar a liberdade de pactuação, elenca apenas dois elementos necessários para constarem na avença: volume e prazo. A Convenção de Comercialização da CCEE acresce mais dois elementos como indispensáveis: preço e garantia financeira. Dessa forma, coube ao mercado, com o fundamento jurídico nos princípios da autonomia privada e boa-fé objetiva, integrarem outros elementos necessários ao contrato, criando-lhe uma estrutura básica. Para o estudo dessa estrutura, foi realizada uma análise descritiva de cláusulas obtidas em amostra qualitativa de minutas do contrato em exame. Nesse sentido, verifica-se a existência de um padrão quanto ao conteúdo geral do contrato, gerando o mínimo de segurança e previsibilidade jurídica necessárias a tornar o ambiente livre atrativo. Observando-se, porém, disparidade quanto ao conteúdo semântico de cada cláusula, mantendo-se espaço à liberdade de pactuação das partes – fundada na autonomia privada e na boa-fé objetiva – para conformarem o detalhamento do contrato como lhes for mais conveniente. / This work aims to analyze the electrical energy purchase agreement in the open market environment, given the scarce doctrine in the area, especially in the field of Private Law. Notions of the Brazilian electric sector, and its two market environments of energy commercialization, are presented due to their peculiarities and relevance to the understanding of the theme. Energy as an object singles out the contract, since it is a non-stockable commodity, from the physical point of view, and a movable property, from the normative point of view. Because of the characteristics of the energy, the instrument able to regulate the transfers of its property is the purchase agreement. The contract under examination is typical, as provided for in Decree no. 5,163/2004, which, in addition to highlighting the freedom of agreement, lists only two required elements: volume and term. The CCEE Commercialization Convention adds two more indispensable elements for the contract: price and financial guarantee. Therefore, it was up to the market, with the legal basis in the principles of private autonomy and objective good faith, to bring other necessary elements to the agreement, creating a basic structure. For studding this structure, a descriptive analysis of clauses obtained in a qualitative sample of contract drafts was been carried out. There is a pattern of the general content of the contract, generating the minimum of legal security and predictability necessary to make the free market environment attractive. However, there is a disparity in the semantic content of each clause – resulting from private autonomy and objective good faith - maintaining the area of freedom of agreement of the parties.
119

Výpadek elektrického proudu a jeho následky v Jihočeském kraji / The impact of blackout on South Bohemia region

SMEJKAL, Pavel January 2012 (has links)
The thesis is concerned in problem that can occure after a blackout. The South Bohemia region was chosen as the area of blackout impacts. The theoretical part of the work describes a critical infrastructure, whose part electrical energy is. It also learns about the electricity supply system in the Czech Republic and explains what is considered to be a blackout. The research is made in two levels. First there are processed baground researches of selected blackouts in the world and consequently the impacts of possible blackout in the South Bohemia are examined. The method of guided interview was used to make a questionnaire. The guided interviews were made with a few specialists. The questionnaire results are analysed and the possible consequences of blackout in the South Bohemia region are described. The main purpose of the work was ? The description of a blackout in the South Bohemia region?. The aim was fulfilled and a blackout in the South Bohemia region was described. The thesis worked with two hypothesis. The first one was ?A blackout strongly influences the population? a this hypothesis was proved by my research. The second hypothesis sounded ?Electrical energy is a strategical part of a critical infrastructure in the South Bohemia region?, and this hypothesis was also proved on basis of my results.
120

Contribuição para a supressão dos acidentes de trabalho fatais nas etapas da cadeia produtiva de energia elétrica

Silva, Luis Geraldo Gomes da January 2017 (has links)
Orientador: Professor Dr. João Manoel Losada Moreira / Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo fundamental contribuir para a supressão dos acidentes de trabalho fatais na cadeia produtiva de energia elétrica discutindo o problema em três frentes: a) estender o escopo dos bancos de dados de acidentes de trabalho fatais para toda a cadeia produtiva de energia elétrica incluindo etapas de empresas terceiras; b) incluir nos bancos de dados sobre acidentes de trabalho fatais informações que permitam avaliar as condições em que ocorreram os acidentes e formular soluções para evitá-los no futuro; c) monitorar e quantificar por meio de redes Bayesianas o nível da cultura de segurança das empresas da cadeia de energia elétrica admitindo-se uma correlação inversa entre o nível de cultura de segurança e o número de acidentes fatais nessas empresas. O setor de energia elétrica é normalmente representado pelas etapas geração, transmissão e distribuição de eletricidade. Contudo o setor elétrico, considerando toda sua cadeia produtiva é muito maior e foram identificadas 15 etapas desde a prospecção de energia primária até o descomissionamento das instalações após sua vida útil. Em relação aos bancos de dados de acidentes de trabalho, no Brasil há três bancos de dados que cobrem apenas as etapas de geração, transmissão e distribuição de energia elétrica. Foi encontrado que eles não apresentam dados completos que permitam a rastreabilidade das causas raízes dos acidentes e identifiquem as possíveis soluções para evitá-los no futuro. Por exemplo, entre 2009 e 2015 morreram 69 trabalhadores próprios e 380 terceirizados na etapa de distribuição sem maiores detalhes sobre as condições em que esses acidentes ocorreram. A inclusão das empresas terceiras na contabilidade das estatísticas de acidentes de trabalho pode ser um fator indutor de melhoria nas condições de trabalho de todo o setor de energia. O poder econômico das empresas líderes pode exigir de seus parceiros um comportamento mais adequado quanto à segurança do trabalho e supressão dos acidentes fatais. Foi proposta uma estrutura mínima de banco de dados de acidentes de trabalho no setor elétrico com informações que permitam entre outros objetivos a rastreabilidade e posterior correção dos eventos acidentais. Entre esses itens incluem-se o número de registro do acidente, nome, tipo e área de atuação da empresa e pareceres do sistema de acompanhamento da segurança do trabalho sobre acidente, por exemplo, CIPA, médico do trabalho, sindicato e supervisor técnico. A manutenção de um nível de cultura de segurança em uma empresa é importante para a supressão de acidentes de trabalho. Um modelo de monitoração da cultura de segurança baseado em redes bayesianas com 15 diferentes variáveis foi desenvolvido. Estas variáveis consideram desde o engajamento da alta administração com a segurança até treinamento de trabalhadores na utilização de equipamentos de proteção individual. Este modelo quantitativo conseguiu capturar diferenças de nível de cultura de segurança de 15 diferentes empresas de distribuição de eletricidade e mostrar uma clara correlação inversa com o número de acidentes fatais. / Tese ( doutorado)- Universidade Federal do ABC. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Energia, 2017. / This research aims at contributing to the suppression of fatal work accidents in the electricity sector, discussing the problem on three fronts: a) extend the scope of the fatal work accident data banks to the entire electrical energy production chain including services of third-party companies; b) include in the fatal accidents databases information to assess the conditions under which accidents occurred and formulate solutions to avoid them in the future; c) to monitor and quantify, through Bayesian networks, the level of safety culture of the companies in the electricity sector, assuming an inverse correlation between the level of safety culture and the number of fatal accidents in these companies. The electricity sector is usually represented by the stages of generation, transmission and distribution of electricity. However, the electrical sector, considering its entire production chain, is much larger and 15 stages have been identified from primary energy prospecting to the decommissioning of facilities after their useful life. Regarding work accident databases, in Brazil there are three databases covering only the generation, transmission and distribution stages of the electricity sector. It was found that they do not present complete data to trace the root causes of accidents and identify possible solutions to avoid them in the future. For example, between 2009 and 2015, 69 self-employed workers and 380 outsourced workers died in the distribution stage without further details of the conditions under which these accidents occurred. The inclusion of thirdparty companies in the accounting of work-accident statistics can be a factor in improving the working conditions of the entire energy sector. The economic power of leading companies can demand from their partners better behavior in terms of work safety and suppression of fatal accidents. It was proposed a minimum database structure of work accidents in the electric sector with information that allows, among other objectives, the traceability and subsequent correction of accidental events. These items include the accident record number, name, type and area of work of the company, and opinions of the accident work safety monitoring system, including those from the CIPA, occupational physician, union and technical supervisor. Maintaining a level of safety culture in a company is important for the suppression of occupational accidents. A safety culture monitoring model based on Bayesian networks with 15 different variables was developed. These variables range from senior management engagement with work safety to workers training in the use of personal protective equipment. This quantitative model was able to capture differences in the safety culture level of 15 different electricity distribution companies and show a clear inverse correlation with the number of fatal accidents.

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