In the trends of high clock rate, lower voltage, small volume, and portable requirement for present electric products, the noise immunity of high speed digital circuit becomes a critical factor for system designer. ESD problem becomes more and more important for electric products because of the triboelectricity caused by human body and synthetic material. It¡¦s an important issue for designer to understand the ESD phenomena in grounding and floating system accurately. In this thesis, a reliable setup for the ESD measurement is proposed both in grounding and floating systems. ESD behavior and protection devices are studied in detail and a corresponding SPICE model is built up for simulation validation.

<p><p>Kitron had wishes to be able to test and measure how disturbance affects their vehicle electronic units before they have been verified by SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden in Borås. This work started with the writing of a demand specification together with Kitron for a product PSQS, Power Supply Quality Simulator, which can generate some test pulses according to a standard for electronic units to Volvos vehicles. A design proposal was developed with the help the demand specification and was verified with the help of simulations. All electric schematics was designed with the guide of the design proposal. The pulses realized in the works of this thesis are those which Kitron experienced that they have a need to test in their own premises and which are possible to generate with the means available. All work took place at Kitron in Jönköping, the restriction of the work has been the cost of components not to be to high as well as the finished product shall be easily managed. This thesis work resulted in a unit which is possible to produce a number of disturbances on the voltage feed to a unit under test. Some pulses have not been completely correct according to Volvos standard. There are large possibilities to further develop PSQS to a unit that follows Volvos standard and even other vehicle producer’s standards.</p></p>

The low-frequency electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) is an increasingly important aspect in the design of practical systems to ensure the functional safety and reliability of complex products. The opportunities for using numerical techniques to predict and analyze system’s EMC are therefore of considerable interest in many industries. As the first phase of study, a proper model, including all the details of the component, was required. Therefore, the advances in EMC modeling were studied with classifying analytical and numerical models. The selected model was finite element (FE) modeling, coupled with the distributed network method, to generate the model of the converter’s components and obtain the frequency behavioral model of the converter. The method has the ability to reveal the behavior of parasitic elements and higher resonances, which have critical impacts in studying EMI problems. For the EMC and signature studies of the machine drives, the equivalent source modeling was studied. Considering the details of the multi-machine environment, including actual models, some innovation in equivalent source modeling was performed to decrease the simulation time dramatically. Several models were designed in this study and the voltage current cube model and wire model have the best result. The GA-based PSO method is used as the optimization process. Superposition and suppression of the fields in coupling the components were also studied and verified. The simulation time of the equivalent model is 80-100 times lower than the detailed model. All tests were verified experimentally. As the application of EMC and signature study, the fault diagnosis and condition monitoring of an induction motor drive was developed using radiated fields. In addition to experimental tests, the 3DFE analysis was coupled with circuit-based software to implement the incipient fault cases. The identification was implemented using ANN for seventy various faulty cases. The simulation results were verified experimentally. Finally, the identification of the types of power components were implemented. The results show that it is possible to identify the type of components, as well as the faulty components, by comparing the amplitudes of their stray field harmonics. The identification using the stray fields is nondestructive and can be used for the setups that cannot go offline and be dismantled

L'objectif de cette thèse est l'étude de l'immunité des circuits intégrés complexes face aux perturbations électromagnétiques. Le début est consacré à la présentation de la compatibilité électromagnétique des circuits intégrés. Une présentation des moyens de maîtrise de la CEM est ensuite donnée. Les principaux thèmes que sont la modélisation, l’optimisation et la mesure sont exposés. L'étude se poursuit par l'établissement d'une méthodologie de construction d'un modèle d'immunité appliquée à un circuit convertisseur. Cette méthodologie s’inspire de la proposition de norme ICIM-CI pour bâtir successivement les différents blocs du modèle d’immunité. Une attention particulière est donnée à la modélisation du mécanisme de défaillance, celui-ci permettant d’obtenir les résultats d’immunité. Les résultats fournis par le modèle sont ensuite comparés puis validés par des mesures sur circuit. Enfin des études complémentaires, portant sur des circuits plus complexes, permettent de proposer des améliorations et perspectives nouvelles pour la démarche de modélisation. / The main objective of this thesis is the study of integrated circuits immunity against electromagnetic interference. The beginning is devoted to the presentation of the electromagnetic compatibility of integrated circuits. The tools enable the mastery of EMC are then presented. The main themes of modelling, optimization and measurement are exposed. The study continues by establishing a methodology for building a model of immunity applied to a converter circuit. This methodology is based on the proposed standard ICIM-CI to build successively the different blocks of the model of immunity. A particular attention is given to the description of the failure mechanism because it leads to the final results of immunity. The results from the model are then compared and validated by measurements on the circuit. Finally further studies on more complex circuits can suggest improvements and new perspectives for the modelling approach.

Les interférences électromagnétiques intentionnelles (IEMI) consistent à tirer parti de la vulné-rabilité EM d’un système électronique afin de le contraindre à se mettre dans un mode de dys-fonctionnement déterminé ou non. De nombreuses sources ont été conçues depuis les années 90 et ont prouvé qu’elles sont capables de faire dysfonctionner un véhicule.Dans ce contexte, la problématique de cette thèse est de proposer une méthodologie permet-tant l’étude de la vulnérabilité des systèmes électriques ou électroniques d’un véhicule automobile vis-à-vis d’attaques électromagnétiques intentionnelles. Deux parties principales ont été néces-saires afin de proposer une méthodologie permettant de prendre en compte la menace IEMI dans la conception des prochains véhicules.La première partie a tout d’abord permis d’obtenir, par simulation numérique, les formes d’ondes des courant induits sur des faisceaux automobiles positionnés dans un véhicule pour n’importe quelle configuration d’attaque IEMI. Grâce à ces résultats, une quantification de ces courants en termes de formes d’ondes temporelles et de niveaux d’amplitude probables a été réalisée et a permis d’analyser le risque IEMI pour un constructeur automobile.La seconde partie a permis de prendre en compte la menace IEMI en développant un banc d’essai sur table conçu d’après les résultats de l’analyse de risque de la première partie. Deux solu-tions de bancs d’essais adaptés aux signaux IEMI ont été proposées afin de pouvoir tester les équipements automobiles par rapport aux IEMI probables lors d’une attaque sur véhicule. / Intentional electromagnetic interferences (IEMI) consist of taking advantage of the EM vul-nerability of an electronic system in order to force it to put itself in a dysfunction mode. Many sources have been designed since the 90s and have proven that they are able to disrupt a vehicle.In this context, the goal of this thesis is to study the vulnerability of electric or electronic sys-tems of a vehicle to cope with intentional electromagnetic attacks. Two main parts were needed to propose a methodology to consider the IEMI threat in the design of the future vehicles.The first part allowed to obtain, by numerical simulation, the waveforms of the currents in-duced on automotive wire harnesses located in a vehicle for any IEMI attack configuration. Thanks to these results, a quantification of these currents in terms of waveform characteristics in time-domain and probable amplitude levels was realized and allowed to analyze the IEMI risk for a car manufacturer.The second part considered the IEMI threat by developing a table test bench designed ac-cording to the results of the risk analysis of the first part. Two test bench solutions adapted to IEMI signals have been proposed in order to test automotive equipment with the probable IEMI interferences during an attack on a vehicle.

This work contains topology and circuit design of a linear voltage regulator with respect to suppression of disturbances coming from supplied circuit into the input of the regulator. The converter is designed for integration in automotive sensor applications.

The purpose of this diploma thesis is to research and compare available wireless communication technologies (frequency, modulation type, transmission speed and consumption). Describe transmission electron microscopes theory and deduce the most sensitive microscope parts to high frequency distortion. Investigate effect of wireless technology on CE standards and come up with, perform and evaluate the influence measurement of chosen technologies on base parameters of transmission electron microscope.

This thesis deals with problems of electromagnetic fields' simulations in the aerospace industry. Electromagnetic effects of the external environment that maybe met during a standard flight (high-intensity radiated fields and lightning strike) are described hereinafter with a reference to their simulations on a digital mockup. A brief summary of the nowadays methods and solvers in computational electromagnetics to be practically used for the modeling and simulations in this field is elaborated as a base for the following parts of the diploma task. The next goal was to create a convenient model simulation of the researched object semi-composite aircraft EV55, on which chosen computing methods will be compared with the results of the real measuring.

In his thesis, CONDUCTED EMC MODELLING IN MODERN DC-DC POWER CONVERTERS, the conducted electromagnetic effects of high-density high-switching frequency modern power converters are studied. The noise source and noise path were modelled and the results calibrated to accredited noise levels. A VHF frequency model was developed and verified using different analysis packages and compared for accuracy, affordability and ease of use. Noise modes were separated and verified for accuracy. The mechanisms of the noise modes were studied and noise mitigation techniques presented. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2017. / Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering / PhD / Unrestricted

This report presents a theoretical background to electromagnetic interference from photovoltaic systems that use power optimizers. The purpose is to carry out measurements at an existing facility to analyze and discuss appropriate measures to minimize disturbance levels. The work is designed by Glava Energy Center (GEC) and measurements are carried out together with the Swedish Electrical Safety Agency (Elsäkerhetsverket) and Rencke's El &amp; Mätteknik. The report concludes with the results of measurement and a discussion of appropriate measures to achieve electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), designed for the specific facility. Finally, a brief discussion is given about future work in this area.