Mit vorliegender Arbeit wurde geprüft, ob an Dislocatio abomasi (DA) erkrankte Rinder vor dem Auftreten klinischer Symptome Veränderungen im Fettstoffwechsel aufweisen und ob Beziehungen zum Endotoxin-Metabolismus bestehen. Dazu wurde ein breites Untersuchungsspektrum zum Fett- und Leberstoffwechsel [b-Hydroxy-Butyrat (BHB), Freie Fettsäuren (FFS), Cholesterol, Tria-cylglycerol (TG), Phospholipide (PL), a-, b-, prä-b-Lipoproteine (LP), Bilirubin, Aspartat-Amino-Transferase (ASAT), Gamma-Glutamyl-Transferase (GGT), Glutamat-Dehydrogenase (GLDH), Lactat-Dehy-drogenase (LDH), Glucose], freies Endotoxin, Endotoxineffektoren [Anti-Lipid A-Antikörper (IgG), C-reaktives Protein (CRP), Leukozytenzahl, Gesamteiweiß, Albumin, Eisen (Fe)] sowie Nat-rium (Na), Kalium (K), Calcium (Ca), Chlorid (Cl), Magnesium (Mg), anorganisches Phosphat, Harnstoff, Creatinin und die Creatinkinase im Blut untersucht. / The displacement of abomasum (DA) frequently occurs in high yielding dairy cows. There is a lack of knowledge of its etiology. This paper examines whether dairy cows with DA show changes in the fat metabolism already in the initial stage, i.e. before clinical symptoms occur. The paper also analyses whether a relationship exists between endotoxin and the fat metabolism. Therefore a large variety of parameters were examined in blood: parameters of the fat and liver metabolism (betahy-droxybutyrat, free fatty acids, cholesterol, TG, phospholipids, alpha-, beta- and pre-beta-lipoproteins, bilirubin, ASAT, GGT, GLDH, LDH, glucose), free endotoxin, anti-lipid-A-antibodies (IgG), C-reactive protein, number of leukocytes, total protein, albumin, Fe as well as Na, K, Ca, Cl, Mg, anorganic phosphate, urine, creatinin and creatinkinase

Ulm, Univ., Diss., 2001.

Ulm, Univ., Diss., 2007.

Universiẗat, Diss., 2004--Leipzig.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:32:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-10-01Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:02:42Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 girol_ap_dr_sjrp.pdf: 2767675 bytes, checksum: affebf6e5d0ac59da5e241e14d9b3745 (MD5) / A proteína anexina A1 (AnxA1) apresenta importantes propriedades anti-inflamatórias e estudos sugerem que suas ações podem ser mediadas por receptores para peptídeos formilados (FPR). Embora os efeitos anti-inflamatórios da AnxA1 e de seus peptídeos miméticos, especialmente o Ac2-26, tenham sido explorados em diversas investigações, são raros os estudos da AnxA1 nas inflamações oculares. Em razão dos graves efeitos colaterais dos tratamentos atuais para a uveíte, uma importante causa de cegueira, investigamos, in vivo, os efeitos e o mecanismo de ação da AnxA1 nos tecidos oculares de roedores na uveíte induzida por endotoxina (EIU). Ratos machos (Rattus novergicus) foram anestesiados e inoculados, por via subcutânea, na pata direita com lipopolissacarídeo (LPS) (100µg) para o desenvolvimento da uveíte. Após, foram divididos em grupos experimentais (n=10/grupo): EIU por 24 e 48h; EIU por 24h e tratados farmacologicamente por administrações tópica e sistêmica do peptídeo Ac2-26 (100µg) e EIU 24h tratado sistemicamente com peptídeo e Boc2, antagonista do FPR (50µg/animal). Para confirmar a importância da AnxA1 endógena na resolução da inflamação ocular, camundongos selvagens e deficientes para AnxA1 (AnxA1-/-) foram induzidos à uveíte por 24h sem tratamento. Nesses animais AnxA1-/- a resposta inflamatória foi exacerbada em comparação com os selvagens. Enquanto, nos olhos dos ratos, as análises quantitativas dos leucócitos, dosagens de interleucina (IL)-1β, IL-6, fator de necrose tumoral (TNF)-α, óxido nítrico (NO) e expressão da ciclo-oxigenase (COX)-2 nos tecidos e/ou no humor aquoso indicaram os efeitos anti-inflamatórios do peptídeo. Efeitos que foram revertidos na presença do Boc2. As análises imuno-histoquímicas das proteínas AnxA1, AnxA1 fosforilada em... / Annexin A1 (AnxA1) is a protein that displays anti-inflammatory properties and some studies suggest that its effects may be mediated by formyl peptide receptors (FPR). Although the anti-inflammatory activities of AnxA1 and its mimetic peptides, including Ac2-26, have been explored in several investigations, the role of AnxA1 in ocular inflammatory processes has not yet been elucidated. Given the common side effects of the current therapies used to treat uveitis, an important cause of blindness worldwide, we investigated, in vivo, the AnxA1 effects and mechanism of action in endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU). Rattus norvegicus were induced to uveitis (lipopolysaccharide - 100 µg) and divided into experimental groups (n=10/group): EIU untreated for 24 and 48h, EIU treated with topical applications (4/4h) or a single intravenous injection of Ac2-26 (100µg) and EIU systemically treated with the peptide and Boc2, the FPR antagonist (50µg/animal). To confirm the importance of endogenous AnxA1 in the resolution of ocular inflammation, wild-type and AnxA1 deficient (AnxA1-/-) mice were also induced to uveitis without treatment for 24h. AnxA1-/- mice showed exacerbated inflammation compared to wild-type animals. As, quantitative analyses of leukocytes, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, nitric oxide (NO) levels and cyclooxigenase (COX)-2 expression in ocular tissues and/or in aqueous humor of rats eyes revealed the anti-inflammatory effects of the peptide, which were abrogated in the Boc2 presence. Immunohistochemical analysis of AnxA1, serine-or-tyrosine-phosphorylated AnxA1 (AnxA-S27-PO4 - AnxA-Y21-PO4) in the ocular tissues showed AnxA1 and AnxA1-S27-PO4 expression in epithelial (cornea, iris and ciliary processes) and nervous cells. These expressions were increased in... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:33:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2003-08-14Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:08:36Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 santanna_at_dr_arafo.pdf: 251109 bytes, checksum: 8b99520025a80dfe289ea0ad9a42acc1 (MD5) / O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da endotoxina associada ao formocresol em tecidos periapicais de dentes de macaco, por meio de avaliação histológica. Foram utilizados 36 pré-molares de 3 macacos, que após a abertura coronária e biopulpectomia, foram preenchidos com diferentes medicamentos: Grupo I (12 dentes): mistura de endotoxina/formocresol; Grupo II (15 dentes): endotoxina e curativo de formocresol; Grupo III (controle - 9 dentes): endotoxina. Decorridos 55 dias, os animais foram sacrificados, as peças removidas e submetidas a processamento histológico. Os resultados demonstraram que a associação endotoxina e formocresol, sendo ela na forma de mistura (grupo I) ou por introdução de endotoxina no canal e curativo de formocresol (grupo II) ocasionaram desenvolvimento de inflamação periapical severa, enquanto que a endotoxina sozinha (grupo III) provocou reação periapical moderada. De acordo com a análise estatística não houve diferença nos resultados entre o grupo I e grupo II. E foi observada diferença estatísticamente significante entre os grupos experimentais (grupo I e II) e o grupo controle (grupo III). / The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of endotoxin associated with formocresol on the periapical tissues from monkeys teeth, by using histological evaluation. Thirty-six premolar teeth from 3 monkeys have been used, and after the coronary opening and pulpectomy, they were filled with different medicaments: Group I (12 teeth): endotoxin associated with formocresol; Group II (15 teeth): endotoxin and cotton pullet of formocresol; Group III (control - 9 teeth): endotoxin. After 55 days, the animals were sacrificed and the teeth removed and then submitted to histological processing. The results obtained shown severe inflammation on periapical tissue on group I and on group II, and group III shown moderate inflammation on periapical tissue.

Orientador: Carlos Augusto Araújo Valadão / Banca: Euripedes Batista Guimarães / Banca: Guilherme de Camargo Ferraz / Banca: Antonio Carlos Alessi / Banca: Rita de Cássia Campebell / Resumo: A endotoxemia é um distúrbio grave na clínica veterinária, sendo uma das principais causas de mortalidade em equinos.Trabalhos recentes relatam a eficácia do azul de metileno na prevenção dos danos impostos pelo óxido nítrico. Este estudo foi concebido com o fito de avaliar os efeitos do azul de metileno sobre as respostas clínica, celular e bioquímica, na endotoxemia experimental em equinos. Os animais foram divididos em três grupos. LPS+AM recebeu LPS e foi tratado com 3mg/kg de azul de metileno 60 minutos após a indução da endotoxemia; LPS+NaCl também recebeu LPS e foi tratado com 3mg/kg de azul de metileno 255 minutos após a indução da endotoxemia, e NaCl+AM que recebeu NaCl e foi tratado com azul de metileno 60 minutos após a infusão do NaCl. Foram realizados exames clínicos e laboratoriais durante 12 horas em quatro momentos. Observou-se aumento de temperatura, leucopenia e aumento no fibrinogênio nos animais pré-tratados com LPS, a partir do momento 90minutos. Não foi possível afirmar se houve efeito benéfico do azul de metileno sobre a resposta dos equinos frente à endotoxemia experimental. / Abstract: Endotoxemy is a severe disturb in Veterinary Clinics and one of the most important causes of deaths in equine. Recent papers report the efficiency of methylene blue in preventing the damage caused by nitric oxide. The aim of this work was to study the effects of methylene blue in clinic, cellular and biochemistry responses in experimental endotoxemy of horses. The animals were divided in three groups. The group LPS+AM received LPS and was treated with 3mg/Kg of methylene blue 60 minutes after the induction of endotoxemy; LPS+NaCl also received LPS and was treated with 3mg/Kg of methylene blue 255 minutes after the induction of endotoxemy and NaCl+AM that received NaCl and was treated with methylene blue 60 minutes after NaCl infusion. Clinical and laboratorial exams were done in four moments during 12 hours. There was an increase in temperature levels, leucopenia and increase in fibrinogen in the animals treated with LPS, beginning within 90 minutes. It was not possible to affirm if there was any benefit in the use of methylene blue in inflammatory response of horses with induced endotoxemy. / Doutor

As endotoxinas são responsáveis por importantes reações sistêmicas e locais, podendo comprometer o sucesso do tratamento endodôntico. O hidróxido de cálcio, mesmo com limitações, mostra-se como opção única efetiva entre as soluções irrigadoras e as medicações intracanal na redução das endotoxinas nos túbulos dentinários. O experimento realizado avaliou a eficiência do laser de Nd:YAG frente à uma endotoxina inoculada no canal radicular pela utilização de duas cinemáticas de irradiação. Após um período de incubação, confirmada a passagem da endotoxina inoculada no canal radicular através da dentina e do cemento radicular, a irradiação foi realizada ou com cinemática oscilatória ou com cinemática helicoidal, para posterior leitura e comparação com os grupos controle. Os parâmetros utilizados na irradiação com o laser de Nd:YAG de comprimento de onda de 1064 nm foram: 100mJ, 15 Hz, 1,5 W, diâmetro do núcleo da fibra 320 ?m, fluência do pulso 124 J/cm2, largura do pulso 120 ?s e intervalo de relaxação térmica 30 s. Os dados foram comparados pelo método ANOVA, complementado pelo teste de Tukey. As concentrações de endotoxina nos espécimes dos grupos irradiados (helicoidal e oscilatório) foram similares. Além disso, elas também foram similares às dos espécimes controle negativo e significantemente menores (p=0,0271) que as do controle positivo, que não sofreram irradiação. A irradiação com laser de Nd: YAG, nas condições deste experimento é efetiva na inativação da endotoxina da dentina radicular. / The endotoxins are responsible for important systemic and local reactions that could compromise the endodontic success. The calcium hydroxide even with limitations is the only effective option among the irrigant solutions and intracanal medications on the endotoxin reduction in the dentinal tubules. This experiment evaluated the Nd:YAG laser efficacy regarding the inoculated endotoxin in the root canal with two cinematic irradiation procedures. The irradiation was accomplished using an oscillatory and helicoidal technique after an incubation period where the passage of the inoculated endotoxin inside the root canal through dentin and cement was confirmed. Following this the analysis and comparison among the groups was performed. The Nd:YAG laser (?=1064 nm) irradiation, used parameters were: 100mJ, 15 Hz, 1,5 W, core fiber diameter of 320 ?m, pulse fluency of 124 J/cm2, pulse width of 120 ?s and relaxation time interval of 30 s. The data were statistically compared by ANOVA complemented by the Tukey\'s test (p<=0,005). The endotoxin concentration at the irradiated samples, regardless the techniques applied were similar. Moreover these concentrations were also similar to those of negative controls and significantly smaller than those of positive controls that were not irratiated (p=0,0271). The Nd:YAG laser irradiation under this experiment conditions was effective on the root canal endotoxin inactivation.

To investigate the effects of (1→3)-β-D-glucan after inhalation, animals were exposed to different forms of glucan and the number of lung lavage cells was determined 24 h after exposure. None of the different forms assayed caused any increase in cell numbers. In animals exposed to endotoxin, all types of cells were increased after 24 h. A simultaneous exposure to curdlan reduced this increase in a dose-related fashion. The results suggest that (1→3)-β-D-glucan-related acute injury to the lung is induced by mechanisms other than those induced by inflammagenic agents such as endotoxin.

Effective treatment of the acute systemic inflammatory response associated with sepsis is lacking, but likely will require new ways to rebalance dysregulated immune responses. One challenge is that human sepsis often is diagnosed too late to reduce the hyperinflammation of early sepsis. Another is that the sequential response to sepsis inflammation rapidly generates an adaptive and immunosuppressive state, which by epigenetic imprint may last for months or years. Emerging data support that the immunosuppressive phase of sepsis can both directly reprogram gene expression of circulating and tissue cells, and disrupt development and differentiation of myeloid precursor cells into competent immunocytes. We recently reported that adoptive transfer of bone marrow CD34+ cells into mice after sepsis induction by cecal ligation and puncture significantly improves late-sepsis survival by enhancing bacterial clearance through improved neutrophil and macrophage phagocytosis. That study, however, did not examine whether CD34+ transfer can modify noninfectious acute systemic inflammatory responses. Here, we report that CD34+ cell transfer mice that have survived late sepsis also resist lethal lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory shock (88% lived vs 0% of naive mice). The CD34+ cell-recipient survivor mice administered LPS had globally reduced levels of circulating inflammatory mediators compared with naive mice, but their peritoneal and bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs), unlike those from naïve mice, remained LPS responsive ex vivo. We further found that CD34+ cell transfer into LPS-challenged naïve mice had diminished immunosuppression, as assessed by ex vivo responses of peritoneal and BMDMs to LPS challenge. We conclude that CD34+ cell adoptive transfer rebalances dysregulated immune responses associated with sepsis and endotoxin shock.