Mitochondria are dynamic organelles known primarily for their roles in oxidative metabolism and programmed cell death. Both of these processes are regulated by the mitochondrial matrix calcium concentration. Little is known about how mitochondrial calcium is regulated: no plant mitochondrial Ca2+-ATPase pumps or no mitochondrial Ca2+ channels have been identified to date. In addition, little is known concerning any physical interactions between mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER), an important cellular calcium store, and how these modulate cellular calcium fluxes. In this work stable transgenic Arabidopsis lines expressing fluorescent marker proteins were generated to allow visualisation of mitochondria and the ER in the same cells, and to measure mitochondrial calcium fluxes using aequorin. According to my results, there is a physical association between mitochondria and ER and this association cannot be disrupted by chemical treatments (latrunculin B, methyl viologen and antimycin A). As part of this work I identified an Arabidopsis gene, Mitochondrial Calcium Uptake 1 (MCU1), which encodes a protein with features that suggest a role in mitochondrial calcium dynamics. Fluorescent protein fusions of this protein demonstrated that it localizes to mitochondria. An Arabidopsis T-DNA line was identified with an insertion in MCU1. However, little effect of the insertion on transcript abundance of MCU1 was observed.

Numerous works have been produced on the topic of Design for Manufacturing (DFM) to better educate the designers of products as to various methods of manufacturing and their specific requirements. It is the common aim of these works to eliminate so called "over the wall" product development in which procedurally ignorant designers pass largely un-producible design concepts to manufacturers, who are then required to make necessary refinements and changes. When applied correctly, DFM results in the efficient and economical production of well-designed products, whose forms have been attuned to the particular requirements of their final method of production at an early stage of development. However, one aspect of using such approaches is that design intent is frequently compromised for the sake of manufacturability and innovative design concepts are often dismissed as being unfeasible. Recent advances in additive manufacturing technologies and their use in the direct manufacture of end-use products from digital data sources has brought about a new method of production that is known as Rapid Manufacturing (RM). Unlike conventional subtractive machining processes, such as milling and turning which generate forms by removing material from a stock billet, RM parts are grown from an empty part bed using the controlled addition of specialised build materials. Additive manufacturing requires no forming tools, is unrestricted by many conventional process considerations and is capable of producing practically any geometry. The freedoms that are associated with this technology facilitate the design and realisation of product concepts that would be unachievable with any other method of production. This promotes an almost boundless design philosophy in which innovative product solutions can be designed to best meet the needs of specification criteria, rather than the production process with which they are to be made. However, unlike other forms of manufacturing, the newness of this technology means that there is no proven aid or tool to assist industrial designers in exploiting the freedoms that it offers. Using information that was collated in the literature review and case study projects, a systematic design approach was proposed and then tested in a series of user trials with groups of industrial design students and practicing industrial design professionals. The results of these trials are discussed, showing a common acknowledgement from both groups that the proposed DFRM tool was of assistance and that it had an influence upon their design work. However, whilst the student group were generally receptive toward tool uptake, the experienced designers showed more of a reluctance to abandon their own "tried and tested" methods in favour of the unknown and unproven approach. It is concluded that this attitude would be fairly representative of wider opinion and that the future uptake of any such tool would be reliant upon sufficient evidence of its successful application. Hence, suggestions are made for future work to continue tool development and for more validation trials to be conducted with its intended user group.

Thesis (M.M.)--Ohio University, August, 2007. / Title from PDF t.p. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M. CM)--Hong Kong Baptist University, 2006. / Dissertation submitted to the School of Chinese Medicine. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 24-26).

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The aim of the thesis is to design a system for evaluation of input control data in selected company. The specific proposal for input control data evaluation was preceded by the mapping out of the current situation at the input control using the EPC Diagram. The next part defines weaknesses, the structure of individual users and cases of their use. The final part sets requirements of the new system and creates ER Diagram.

No description available.

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Agradecemos a compreensão. on 2017-07-26T12:59:49Z (GMT) / Submitted by LUISA FERNANDES VITAL null (lf_vital@hotmail.com) on 2017-07-26T15:45:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Minha dissertação final 1.pdf: 2914803 bytes, checksum: 34c591d5fc31a3f9f3295ca8fec0550e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luiz Galeffi (luizgaleffi@gmail.com) on 2017-07-26T19:38:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 vital_lf_me_arafcl.pdf: 2914803 bytes, checksum: 34c591d5fc31a3f9f3295ca8fec0550e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-26T19:38:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 vital_lf_me_arafcl.pdf: 2914803 bytes, checksum: 34c591d5fc31a3f9f3295ca8fec0550e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-05-25 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / A necessidade de explicação sobre o mundo e sobre si próprio é algo que sempre estimulou a sede de conhecimento do homem e o impulsionou em busca de respostas para sua realidade. Sendo assim, os mitos, narrativas indispensáveis com alto teor simbólico, foram criados na tentativa de interpretar os desejos e terrores humanos. Estando arraigados em nós, os mitos e seu teor simbólico, apresentados através de mitemas, ecoam nas mais diversas formas de produção artística. A dissertação tem como objetivo tecer uma mitocrítica de três contos de Guimarães Rosa - "Conversa de bois", "A hora e vez de Augusto Matraga", ambos publicados em Sagarana, no ano de 1946, e "A menina de lá" de 1962, publicado em Primeiras estórias - a partir do mito de Er, explicitado por Platão, no "livro X" d'A república. A escolha desses contos e desse mito se deve ao fato de que em ambos estão presentes dois mitemas: o destino e o julgamento final sob o motivo simbólico da viagem e da morte, respectivamente. O destino, na obra rosiana, desenvolve-se no cenário da viagem e culmina na morte prematura das personagens Agenor Soronho, Augusto Matraga e Nhinhinha. Esse fim abrupto representa uma espécie de julgamento final, realizado pelo destino. Pretende-se mostrar que cada morte tem um valor simbólico diferente, a saber: castigo, redenção e transcendência. Por meio da pesquisa centrada na fortuna crítica de Guimarães Rosa, sobretudo os estudos de Benedito Nunes e Suzy Sperber, e com o apoio teórico da concepção antropológica do mito defendida por Mircea Eliade e Gilbert Durand, busca-se localizar e identificar tais mitemas no texto platônico e no rosiano para entender a forma como estes são construídos pelo escritor. Obedecendo ao princípio de deslocamento de Frye, serão apontadas semelhanças e diferenças entre o mito platônico e os contos rosianos e examinado o modo como Guimarães Rosa constrói seu próprio conceito de destino e julgamento final mesclando os conceitos de livre arbítrio e justiça. / The need for explanation about the world and about ourself is something that has always stimulated man's thirst for knowledge and has propelled him to seek answers to his reality. Thus, myths, indispensable narratives with a high symbolic content, were created in an attempt to interpret human desires and terrors. Being rooted in us, the myths and their symbolic content, presented through mythemes, echo in the most diverse forms of artistic production. The reaserch aims to weave a mitocritic of three short stories by Guimarães Rosa - "Conversa de bois", "Hora e vez de Augusto Matraga", both published in Sagarana, in the year of 1946, and "A menina de lá" from 1962 , published in Primeiras estórias - from the myth of Er, explained by Plato, in "book X" of República. The choice of these tales and this myth is due to the fact that in both are present two mythemes: fate and final judgment under the symbolic motive of travel and death, respectively. The fate in Rosa's work unfolds in the scenery of the trip and culminates in the premature death of the characters Agenor Soronho, Augusto Matraga and Nhinhinha. This abrupt end represents a kind of final judgment, accomplished by fate. It is intended to show that each death has a different symbolic value, namely: punishment, redemption and transcendence. Through the research focused on the critical fortune of Guimarães Rosa, especially the studies of Benedito Nunes and Suzy Sperber, and with the theoretical support of the anthropological conception of the myth defended by Mircea Eliade and Gilbert Durand, it is sought to locate and identify such mythemes in the Platonic and Rosa's text to understand how these mythemes are constructed by the writer. Obeying the principle of Frye's displacement, similarities and differences between the Platonic myth and Rosa tales will be pointed out and examined the way in which Guimarães Rosa constructs his own concept of destiny and final judgment by mixing the concepts of free will and justice. / CNPq: 133995/2015-1

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Beukes Hip Dysplasia (BHD) is an autosomal dominant disorder where the abnormal shape of the hip joint leads to secondary osteoarthritis. The locus of BHD has been previously mapped to 4q35 and screening of candidate genes within this region revealed a mutation in the gene encoding the Ubiquitin-fold modifier 1 specific protease 2 (Ufsp2). The mutation prevents Ufsp2 from cleaving its target, Ufm1. Ufsp2 and Ufm1 are both components of a novel ubiquitin-like protein modification system which involves Ufm1 being processed via the E1, E2 and E3 enzymes (Uba5, Ufc1 and Ufl1, respectively) and attachment to target protein(s) one of which has been identified (Ddrgk1). The aim of this study was to investigate the link between the UFSP2 mutation and the BHD phenotype by: (i) examining the expression of components of the Ufm1 system in vivo and in vitro; (ii) development of an in vitro Ufm1 conjugation system; and (iii) generation and analysis of transgenic mice overexpressing the Ufsp2 gene with the BHD mutation. The expression of Ufsp2 was determined by radioactive RNA in situ hybridisation of mouse tissue sections. The analysis revealed Ufsp2 expression predominantly in the bone of the hip joint and in the bone and secondary ossification centres of the knee of 10 day old mice. Real-Time PCR analysis showed increased expression of components of the Ufm1 system during in vitro osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation which coincided with induction of ER stress evidenced by upregulation of Bip. These components were also upregulated in response to chemically induced ER stress in vitro. Analysis of the promoter regions of Ufm1 system genes identified unfolded protein response elements in the upstream sequences of Uba5, Ufl1, Ufm1 and Lzap genes and the elements in Uba5 and Lzap were found to be required and responsive to ER stress using luciferase promoter assays. A Tandem Affinity Purification method was developed for isolation and identification of Ufm1 conjugation targets from cell lines expressing modified forms of Ufm1. Mass spectrometry analysis of Ufm1 conjugates purified from HEK293T cell line identified Uba5 and Ufc1 but no new Ufm1 targets. Western blot comparison of Ufm1 conjugated proteins purified from the HEK293T and 2T3 osteoblast cell lines identified putatative Ufm1 conjugation targets and increased conjugation in osteoblasts in response to ER stress. One of these targets was identified as Ddrgk1 but the remaining putative targets remain to be identified by mass spectrometry. Transgenic mice overexpressing the mutated Ufsp2 gene were generated and subjected to phenotypic analysis. No significant differences were found between transgenic and wild type mice following X-ray, histological and weight analysis. Higher expression of Ufsp2 in bone and secondary ossification centres as well as upregulation of components of the Ufm1 system in response to ER stress suggests that the molecular pathway between the UFSP2 mutation and the BHD phenotype may relate to abnormal ER stress responses during osteoblast differentiation. Further studies are however required to determine how the Ufm1 system modulates ER stress responses and how disruption of these processes caused by the UFSP2 mutation causes BHD.