Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:36:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 WallisenTH.pdf: 4482041 bytes, checksum: 9f15723fb587752a03f332413d3a5713 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-03-25 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Mate choice is a component of sexual selection. Trying to understand the patterns of this process, several studies have emphasized the adaptive value of sexual differences and their influence on the assessment of the market value. The pattern for adults presented on the scientific literature, which is based on the preference for certain characteristics, shows that men search a partner who shows high value of fecundity and fertility, thus looking for partners with the ability of being pregnant and nursing their offspring. On the other hand, women look for partners with high socioeconomic status, which is strongly associated with the ability to protect and provide resources for them and their offspring. Surprisingly, there is few works that investigated the mate choice patterns during the beginning of the period of sexual differentiation on the morphological, physiological and behavioral traits. The aim of this study was to investigate mate choice patterns in adolescence in order to describe their preferences and contribute to the understanding of human reproductive behavior. Took part of this research 1,232 students from educational institutions of Natal, Brazil, and visitors to the Scientific, Technological and Cultural Fair UFRN. In the Experimental Study 1, we applied a questionnaire to evaluate the importance of certain characteristics, assessed the degree of romantic involvement and real and ideal partners age preference. In the Experimental Study 2, we did a survey of characteristics considered relevant and evaluate the importance of these characteristics in mate choice. The Experimental Study 3 brought an investigation of mate choice patterns based on self-assessment of adolescents, evaluating ideal partner for a short-term and long-term relationships and actual partner. We found that adolescents are motivated to live romantic experiences. We also observed a preference for partners of similar age to that described for adults. Finally, we found similarities and differences in the preferences for characteristics in real and ideal partners in relation to the adult pattern. In addition, we observed high similarity on the self-assessment and assessment of real and ideal partners. We suggest that in the mate choice, adolescents are similar to young adults in some aspects but not all. Our results show the relevance of the reproductive behavior investigation in this human developmental period and reinforce that further studies should contribute to the understanding of human behavior in terms of ontogenetic development and their evolutionary history. / O processo de escolha de parceiros ? um dos componentes da sele??o sexual. Na busca pela compreens?o dos padr?es deste processo, in?meros estudos t?m enfatizado o valor adaptativo das diferen?as sexuais e suas influ?ncias sob a avalia??o do valor de mercado do indiv?duo. O padr?o descrito para adultos baseado na prefer?ncia por determinadas caracter?sticas, mostra que, de modo geral, homens procuram por parceiras que sinalizem elevado valor de fecundidade e fertilidade, buscando assim parceiras com capacidade de gestar e amamentar sua prole. J? as mulheres procuram parceiros com status socioecon?mico elevado, o que est? fortemente associado com a capacidade de proteger e fornecer recursos para ela e para sua prole. Surpreendentemente, h? escassez de trabalhos que investiguem os padr?es de escolha de parceiro durante o per?odo do in?cio de diferencia??o sexual morfol?gica, fisiol?gica e comportamental. O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar os padr?es de escolha de parceiros na adolesc?ncia, a fim de descrever suas prefer?ncias e contribuir para compreens?o do comportamento reprodutivo humano. Participaram desta pesquisa 1232 estudantes de institui??es de ensino do munic?pio de Natal, Brasil, al?m de visitantes da Feira de Ci?ncia, Tecnologia e Cultura UFRN. No Estudo Experimental 1, aplicamos um question?rio para avalia??o da import?ncia de determinadas caracter?sticas, al?m de avaliar o grau de envolvimento e a idade preferida em parceiros reais e ideais. No Estudo Experimental 2, fizemos um levantamento das caracter?sticas consideradas relevantes e avaliamos o grau de import?ncia destas caracter?sticas no processo de escolha de parceiros. O Estudo Experimental 3 trouxe uma investiga??o dos padr?es de escolha de parceiros com base na auto-avalia??o dos adolescentes, avaliando parceiros ideais para relacionamentos de curto e longo prazo e relacionamentos atuais. Verificamos que os adolescentes est?o motivados para viver experi?ncias rom?nticas e/ou sexuais. Observamos tamb?m uma prefer?ncia pela idade dos parceiros semelhante ?quela descrita para adultos. Finalmente, encontramos semelhan?as e diferen?as do padr?o de prefer?ncias de caracter?sticas em parceiros reais e ideais em rela??o aos padr?es apresentados para adultos, al?m de similaridade elevada em rela??o ? auto-avalia??o e ? avalia??o dos parceiros ideais e reais. Sugerem que, em rela??o ? escolha de parceiros, os adolescentes se assemelham aos adultos jovens, em alguns aspectos, mas n?o em outros. Nossos resultados mostram a relev?ncia do estudo do comportamento reprodutivo humano neste per?odo no desenvolvimento e refor?a a necessidade de outros estudos na busca da compreens?o do comportamento humano do ponto de vista do desenvolvimento ontogen?tico e da sua hist?ria evolutiva.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:36:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FelipeNC_TESE_PARCIAL.pdf: 2632377 bytes, checksum: 80e6a393d34e94f57dc2098da879b33d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-05-29 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / Men and women express different preferences for ideal romantic partners. These preferences seem to vary with the level of involvement and commitment expected for the relationship and the perceptions people have about themselves. The current work was developed to expand the findings related to this subject, investigating the market perception of romantic relationships and the effect of context on self-assessment and preferences for romantic partners. For this purpose, 753 undergraduate, Brazilian and American, were enrolled between March 2010 and November 2012 and took part in at least one of the four studies that compose this research, performing the assessment of specific stimulus-subject descriptions. Studies one and two addressed Brazilian and American samples to respectively describe female and male expectations on human mating market. It was observed that individuals from both the genders expect positive assortative mating within couples, that each trait is not evaluated independently, and, in addition to biological predispositions, factors as environmental local constrains and cultural values may also affect mating expectations. The contrasts between the samples showed that Americans valued physical-attractiveness and social-status in describing the same-gender subjects and their expected partners, while Brazilians valued social-skills. Another expectation was also identified for both genders: physically attractive women and men of high-status were expected to be paired to each other. Study three addressed males and females expectations regarding which characteristics are most relevant in ensuring desirable partnerships for same-gender individuals. The results showed that men and women can be grouped together by having similar expectations. However, the group mainly composed of men considered status characteristics as the most important attributes, while the groups mostly composed of women indicated that social skills or physical characteristics as the most important in appealing to a desirable partner. Finally, study four investigated the effect of social comparison on self-perception and mate preferences, revealing that individuals were aware of the attributes valued by the opposite-gender and that self-perception was affected by the attributes of other people. In sum, this work evidenced that romantic relationships can be interpreted as a biological market and that the value of the attributes in the romantic mating marketplace are associated with reproductive relevance of the characteristics. / Homens e mulheres expressam prefer?ncias diferentes para parceiros rom?nticos ideais. Essas prefer?ncias parecem variar com o n?vel de envolvimento e investimento esperado para o relacionamento, e as percep??es que as pessoas t?m sobre elas mesmas. O atual trabalho foi desenvolvido para expandir os achados relacionados a este tema, investigando a percep??o de mercado para relacionamentos rom?nticos e o efeito do contexto na autopercep??o e prefer?ncias por parceiros rom?nticos. Para esse prop?sito, 753 estudantes universit?rios, brasileiros e americanos, foram arrolados entre os meses de mar?o de 2010 a novembro de 2012 e participaram de pelo menos um dos quatro estudos que constitu?ram esta pesquisa, realizando a avalia??o de descri??es espec?ficas de sujeitos-est?mulo. Os estudos um e dois abordaram amostras brasileiras e americanas para respectivamente descrever as expectativas femininas e masculinas quanto ao mercado de relacionamentos rom?nticos humano. Foi observado que indiv?duos de ambos os sexos esperam que os casais possuam tra?os semelhantes, que cada tra?o n?o ? avaliado de forma independente e, al?m das predisposi??es biol?gicas, fatores como as limita??es do ambiente local e valores culturais tamb?m parecem afetar as expectativas rom?nticas. Os contrastes entre as amostras mostrou que os americanos valorizaram a atratividade f?sica e o status social ao descrever sujeitos do mesmo sexo e seus esperados parceiros, enquanto os brasileiros valorizaram habilidades sociais. Outra expectativa tamb?m foi identificada para ambos os sexos: espera-se que mulheres fisicamente atraentes e homens com alto status estejam pareados. O estudo tr?s abordou as expectativas masculinas e femininas sobre quais caracter?sticas s?o as mais relevantes para garantir parceiros desej?veis para indiv?duos do mesmo sexo. Os resultados mostraram que homens e mulheres podem ser agrupados juntos por possuir expectativas similares. Entretanto, o grupo composto por mais homens considerou as caracter?sticas de status como os atributos mais importantes, enquanto os grupos constitu?dos por mais mulheres indicaram que as habilidades sociais ou as caracter?sticas f?sicas como mais importantes para a atra??o de um parceiro desej?vel. Por fim, o estudo quatro investigou o efeito da compara??o social na autopercep??o e nas prefer?ncias rom?nticas, revelando que os indiv?duos estavam cientes dos atributos valorizados pelo sexo oposto e que a autopercep??o foi afetada pelos atributos das outras pessoas. Em suma, este trabalho evidenciou que os relacionamentos rom?nticos podem ser interpretados como um mercado biol?gico e que o valor dos atributos no mercado dos relacionamentos rom?nticos est? associado a relev?ncia reprodutiva das caracter?sticas

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:37:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PedroZPMRM_DISSERT.pdf: 485516 bytes, checksum: 5e7cc13b6cdb53047d1dea3153509081 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-05-29 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / Among placental mammals, primates are the only ones to present trichromatic color vision. However, the distribution of trichromacy among primates is not homogeneous: Old World primates shows an uniform trichromacy (with all individuals being trichromats) and New World primates exhibit a color vision polymorphism (with dichromatic males and dichromatic or trichromatic females). Visual ecology studies have investigated which selective pressures may have been responsible for the evolution of trichromacy in primates, diverging from the dichromat standard found in other mammals. Cues associated with foraging and the socio-reproductive status were analyzed, indicating a trichromatic advantage for the rapid detection of visually conspicuous objects against a green background. However, dichromats are characterized by an efficient capture of cryptic and camouflaged stimuli. These advantages regarding phenotype may be responsible for the maintenance of the visual polymorphism in New World primates and for the high incidence of color blindness in humans (standing around 8% in Caucasian men). An important factor that has not yet been experimentally taken into account is the predation risk and its effect on the evolution of trichromacy in primates. To answer this question, we prepared and edited pictures of animals with different coats: oncillas (Leopardus spp.), puma (Puma concolor) and ferret (Galictis cuja). The specimens were taxidermized and the photographs were taken in three different vegetation scenarios (dense forest, cerrado and grassland). The images of the predators were manipulated so that they fit into two categories of stimulus size (small or large). After color calibration and photo editing, these were presented to 40 humans (20 dichromats and 20 trichromats) by a computer program, which presented a set of four photos at a time (one picture containing the taxidermized animal amid the background vegetation and three depicting only the background vegetation) and recorded the response latency and success rate of the subjects. The results show a trichromatic advantage in detecting potential predators. The predator detection was influenced by the background, the predator species, the dimension of the stimulus and the observer s visual phenotype. As humans have a high rate of dyschromatopsias, when compared to wild Catarrhini or human tribal populations, it is possible that the increased rate of dichromats is a result of reduced pressure for rapid predator detection. Since our species came to live in more cohesive groups and resistant to attack by predators, with the advent of agriculture and the formation of villages, it is possible that the lower risk of predation has reduced the selection in favor of trichromats / Dentre os mam?feros placent?rios, os primatas s?o os ?nicos a apresentarem uma vis?o de cores tricromata. Contudo, a distribui??o da tricromacia dentre os primatas n?o ? homog?nea: primatas do Velho Mundo apresentam uma tricromacia uniforme (com todos os indiv?duos sendo tricromatas) e primatas do Novo Mundo apresentam um polimorfismo de vis?o de cores (com machos dicromatas e f?meas dicromatas ou tricromatas). Estudos em ecologia visual t?m investigado que press?es seletivas podem ter sido respons?veis pela evolu??o da tricromacia em primatas, divergindo do padr?o dicromata encontrado nos demais mam?feros. Pistas associadas ao forrageio e ao contexto s?cio-reprodutivo foram analisadas, indicando uma vantagem tricromata na detec??o r?pida de objetos visualmente consp?cuos no ambiente. Entretanto, dicromatas s?o caracterizados pela captura eficiente de est?mulos cr?pticos e camuflados. Estas vantagens relativas aos fen?tipos podem ser respons?veis pela manuten??o do polimorfismo visual em primatas do Novo Mundo e pelo alto ?ndice de daltonismo em humanos (situando-se em torno de 8% em homens caucasianos). Um importante fator que ainda n?o foi levado experimentalmente em conta ? o risco de preda??o e o seu efeito na evolu??o da tricromacia em primatas. Para responder esta pergunta, n?s preparamos e editamos fotografias de animais com pelagens distintas: gatos-do-mato (Leopardus spp.), puma (Puma concolor) e fur?o (Galictis cuja). Os exemplares estavam taxidermizados e as fotografias foram capturadas em tr?s diferentes cen?rios de vegeta??o (mata fechada, cerrado e campo aberto). As imagens dos predadores foram manipuladas para que eles se encaixassem em duas categorias de tamanho de est?mulo (pequenos ou grandes). Ap?s a calibra??o das cores e edi??o das fotos, estas foram apresentadas a 40 humanos (20 dicromatas e 20 tricromatas) por um programa de computador, o qual apresentava um conjunto de quatro fotos por vez (uma foto contendo o animal taxidermizado em meio ? vegeta??o de fundo e outras tr?s contendo apenas a vegeta??o de fundo) e registrava a lat?ncia de resposta e a taxa de acerto dos sujeitos. Os resultados apontam uma vantagem tricromata na detec??o de potenciais predadores. A detec??o dos predadores foi influenciada pelo cen?rio de fundo, pelo tipo de predador, pela sua dimens?o e pelo fen?tipo visual do observador. Como os humanos apresentam uma elevada taxa de discromatopsias, quando comparados com popula??es selvagens de outros Catarrhini ou mesmo popula??es humanas tribais, ? poss?vel que o aumento no ?ndice de dicromatas seja resultado de uma press?o reduzida de detec??o r?pida de predadores. Uma vez que nossa esp?cie passou a viver em grupos mais coesos e resistentes aos ataques de predadores, com o advento da agropecu?ria e a forma??o de vilas, ? poss?vel que o menor risco de preda??o tenha relaxado a sele??o a favor de tricromatas

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-03-09T19:50:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TharcisyoSaESousaDuarte_TESE.pdf: 4000536 bytes, checksum: 76f14cacb9f32138dca1e02cb150ad3b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-03-13T19:38:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TharcisyoSaESousaDuarte_TESE.pdf: 4000536 bytes, checksum: 76f14cacb9f32138dca1e02cb150ad3b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-13T19:38:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TharcisyoSaESousaDuarte_TESE.pdf: 4000536 bytes, checksum: 76f14cacb9f32138dca1e02cb150ad3b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-05-20 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / O estudo das estrelas do tipo-solar inclui naturalmente as estrelas an?logas e g?meas, que s?o estrelas id?nticas ao Sol. Estes objetos desempenham um papel fundamental no ?mbito da astrof?sica moderna, principalmente, na investiga??o da nossa estrela como um objeto comum. Dentre os diversos par?metros f?sicos observ?veis, a atividade magn?tica e cromosf?rica - para um conjunto de estrelas muito similares ao Sol (an?logas e g?meas) - s?o essenciais para compreendermos a evolu??o din?mica da atividade estelar em escalas de tempo da ordem de v?rios bilh?es de anos, isto ? tempo de vida de uma estrela do tipo-solar sobre a sequ?ncia principal. Neste trabalho, entre outros aspectos, investigaremos as rela??es existentes entre o per?odo de rota??o, abund?ncia de l?tio, atividade magn?tica e cromosf?rica, massa e idades destes grupos de estrelas. Analisaremos ainda as determina??es das idades de acordo com a t?cnica da girocronologia. O objetivo principal do nosso trabalho ? investigar a lei de decaimento de cada um dos destes par?metros com base em uma ampla amostra de estrelas classificadas como an?logas e g?meas solares. Nossos resultados deram origem a quatro publica??es em revistas indexadas, dos quais dois j? se encontram em modo ?impress?. Estes resultados mostram que as leis de evolu??o (decaimento da abund?ncia de l?tio, da rota??o e do campo magn?tico) s?o fortemente dependentes do tipo-estelar, mostrando-se mais nitidez para as estrelas an?logas e g?meas. / The interest in studying the objects similar to the Sun, stars labeled as solar-type stars, analogs and solar twins, brings in its essence an attempt to end out another reference star and, furthermore, provides an investigation of evolutionary dynamic of our star as a function of various parameters. For this, we used three distinct samples of observable data, 170 solar-type stars from BCool catalog and observed with spectropolarimeters ESPaDOnS e NARVAL, 88 solar-twin stars of HARPS surveys, and 20 solar-analog stars from Kepler. From these data, we have investigated mainly the correlation among the rotation period, lithium abundance and stellar age. For the BCool stars and solar-twin from HARPS, we have used the rotation period determined through of chromospheric activity, in the case of Kepler solar analogs, the rotation period it is derived from photometric modulation. The lithium abundance for most of the solar-type and solar-twin stars have been collected from literature, while for the solar analogs, the lithium abundance were determined in the LTE regime using Kurucz atmospheric models and the MOOG code. For stellar age, we have used the gyrochronology method, which was calibrated using the Sun and a selection of open clusters, to redetermine them and comparing them with those derived from standard isochronal. Our results indicate that exist a decay law for the rotation period as a function of lithium abundance. This correlation becomes more clear for the solar-analog and solartwin stars, even the rotation period being determined through distinct mechanisms for each case. For stellar ages, measured from standard isochronal and gyrochronology, we realized that they diverge considerably when the stars are older than the Sun. This result has also been investigated by van Saders et al. (2016) and reect our limitation about thestellar evolution and mixing mechanisms. Our work has resulted in five publications in indexed journals, two already in print format, one recently submitted and other in final stage of conclusion.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-07-17T13:30:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MarcioJoaquimDaSilva_TESE.pdf: 6572053 bytes, checksum: 24e9484e2537c31f4a72339d474f1faa (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-07-20T11:14:03Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MarcioJoaquimDaSilva_TESE.pdf: 6572053 bytes, checksum: 24e9484e2537c31f4a72339d474f1faa (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-20T11:14:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MarcioJoaquimDaSilva_TESE.pdf: 6572053 bytes, checksum: 24e9484e2537c31f4a72339d474f1faa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-04-12 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Os ecossistemas aqu?ticos dulc?colas est?o entre os mais ricos, em termos de n?mero de esp?cies, e amea?ados por altera??es antr?picas no mundo. Impactos como a introdu??o de esp?cies n?o nativas e as transposi??es de ?guas entre bacias distintas (como ? o caso do Projeto de Transposi??o do rio S?o Francisco-PISF) amea?am a conserva??o das esp?cies. A preocupa??o com a conserva??o das esp?cies fomentou a cria??o das chamadas Unidades de Conserva??o (UCs - No Brasil foram criadas a partir de 1930 e tem n?veis de restri??o de usos diversos). Provavelmente, estes mecanismos t?m sido insuficientes na conserva??o dos peixes, pois mesmo ap?s suas cria??es, a contribui??o das esp?cies n?o nativas nas comunidades naturais s? tem crescido ao longo dos anos e ? apontada como a segunda causa de extin??o de esp?cies do planeta. Nesse contexto, o presente estudo buscou estabelecer uma padroniza??o da nomenclatura das esp?cies nas bacias envolvidas no PISF, antes da conex?o artificial, evidenciando o atual n?vel de conhecimento da ictiofauna e construir uma linha de base para detectar futuros impactos da obra. Al?m disso, objetivamos avaliar a efetividade das UCs em proteger os peixes das bacias envolvidas no projeto e modelar o risco de invas?o de esp?cies exclusivas da bacia doadora nas receptoras. Para tanto, foram utilizados registros prim?rios e secund?rios das esp?cies. Os resultados apontam para baixa similaridade entre a composi??o de esp?cies das bacias doadora e receptoras do PISF, al?m de indicar a import?ncia das UCs para conserva??o dos peixes da regi?o, que mesmo com tamanho reduzido (~1% da Caatinga) abrigam porcentagem significativa da fauna associada (entre 24 e 31% das esp?cies de cada bacia). Ademais, foi obtido que as bacias receptoras do PISF, apresentam adequabilidade para 11 esp?cies (sete fam?lias e tr?s ordens) exclusivas da bacia doadora (Leporinus friderici, Megaleporinus obtusidens, Pamphorichthys hollandi? Pimelodus maculatus, Moenkhausia sanctaefilomenae, Hemigrammus brevis, Pimelodella laurenti, Cichlasoma sanctifranciscense, Centromochlus bockmanni, Conorhynchos conirostris e Pseudoplatystoma corruscans, ordem decrescente de adequabilidade geral). Por fim, refor?amos a necessidade da cria??o/amplia??o das UCs nas bacias envolvidas, para que estas cumpram melhor o seu objetivo conservacionista e, corroboramos a necessidade do monitoramento constante da invas?o de esp?cies nas bacias receptoras das ?guas do PISF, a fim de garantir a preserva??o das comunidades ?cticas nativas. / Freshwater ecosystems are within the richest in terms of species number and are threatened by anthropic transformations worldwide. Impacts such as non-native species introduction and interbasin water transfer (like S?o Francisco River Interbasin Water Transfer Project ? SFIBWT, PISF ? in Portuguese) put species conservation in peril. The concern with this matter promoted the creation of Conservation Unities (UCs ? created from 1930?s onward in Brazil and have distinct restriction levels). Possibly, these mechanisms have been insufficient in species conservation, because even after their creation, non-native species contribution to natural communities has only grown over years and it is pointed as the second main cause of planet?s species extinction. Regarding this issue, we hereby tried to establish a species nomenclatural pattern in basins encompassed by PISF, previous to the artifitial connection, demonstrating the current ichthyofaunal knowledge level and building a baseline for future identification of the project?s impacts. Besides, we aim to evaluate the effectivity of UCs in protecting fish of the basins included in the project and model the invasiveness risk of exclusive species of donor basins to receptor ones. Therefore, we used primary and secondary records of species. The results showed a low similarity among species composition of donor and receptor basins of PISF, besides indicating the UCs? importance for regional fish species conservation. Even though these UCs have a small size (~1% of Caatinga), they contain a significant percentage of associated fauna (between 24 and 31% of each basin?s species). Lastly, we noticed the PISF receptor basins show adequability to 11 species (seven families and three orders) which were exclusive to donor basin (Leporinus friderici, Megaleporinus obtusidens, Pamphorichthys hollandi? Pimelodus maculatus, Moenkhausia sanctaefilomenae, Hemigrammus brevis, Pimelodella laurenti, Cichlasoma sanctifranciscense, Centromochlus bockmanni, Conorhynchos conirostris e Pseudoplatystoma corruscans, decending order of general suitability). Within this context, we strengthen the need of creation/enlargement of UCs in encompassed basins so these can better fulfill their conservational goals, and we also corroborate the need of constant monitoring of invasive species in receptor basins of PISF?s water in order to guarantee the preservation of native ichthyc communities.

Submitted by PPG Direito (ppgdir@pucrs.br) on 2018-09-05T20:26:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PAULO_ROBERTO_PEGORARO_ JUNIOR_TES .pdf: 1655552 bytes, checksum: ed4bca3de13f5f3118a7a498da2c66ae (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sheila Dias (sheila.dias@pucrs.br) on 2018-09-11T12:26:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 PAULO_ROBERTO_PEGORARO_ JUNIOR_TES .pdf: 1655552 bytes, checksum: ed4bca3de13f5f3118a7a498da2c66ae (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-11T12:32:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PAULO_ROBERTO_PEGORARO_ JUNIOR_TES .pdf: 1655552 bytes, checksum: ed4bca3de13f5f3118a7a498da2c66ae (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-07-12 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The implementation of the electronic lawsuit in Brazil derived from the gradual assimilation of data processing tools by the Judicial Power, which led to the initiative of several courts to develop an operationally functional system, and culminated in putting the Electronic Lawsuit Act into effect. The adoption of the electronic lawsuit model, despite representing a significant reinforcement of the fundamental right to have a lawsuit finished in a reasonable time, thus contributing to its celerity, has been more than a simple tool: it is a significant element of the disruptive evolution of the Civil Procedural Law. The implications of such assimilation includes, among other factors: overcoming the territorial jurisdiction in the face of the deterritorialization phenomenon, due to the ubiquity of the electronic lawsuit system; understanding of a hypertext model which translates into a dynamic way of presenting both the parties? arguments and the content of the decision; possibility of omnidirectional contradictory statement by means of groupware, in an effective community of procedural work; possibility of automated decision-making; and even the appropriation of elements of artificial intelligence for managing juridical information and decisions. Therefore, this thesis focuses on the way through which the electronic lawsuit may be the cause (and also a consequence) of the disruptive evolution of the Civil Procedural Law, without disregarding the criticisms of the model, but rather considering that the environment in which the lawsuit takes place is not neutral, as it both affects and often conditions the message content. / A implanta??o do processo eletr?nico no Brasil decorreu da paulatina assimila??o de instrumentos da inform?tica pelo Poder Judici?rio, que levaram ? iniciativa isolada de diversos tribunais no sentido de desenvolver um sistema operacionalmente funcional e culminaram com a vig?ncia da Lei do Processo Eletr?nico. A ado??o do modelo do processo eletr?nico, embora represente significativa afirma??o do direito fundamental ? dura??o razo?vel do processo, contribuindo para a sua celeridade, traduz-se em mais do que uma mera ferramenta: ? um elemento significativo da evolu??o disruptiva do Processo Civil. As implica??es decorrentes de tal assimila??o envolvem, dentre outros fatores: a supera??o da compet?ncia territorial diante do fen?meno da desterritorializa??o, pela ubiquidade do processo eletr?nico; a compreens?o de um modelo de hipertexto, que se traduza numa forma din?mica de apresenta??o dos argumentos das partes e do conte?do decis?rio; a possibilidade do contradit?rio omnidirecional, por meio do groupware, numa efetiva comunidade de trabalho processual; a possibilidade de automa??o dos atos decis?rios; e mesmo a apropria??o de elementos da intelig?ncia artificial na manipula??o das informa??es e decis?es jur?dicas. A tese, assim, presta-se a abordar como e de que forma ? poss?vel que o processo eletr?nico represente a causa (e tamb?m a consequ?ncia) da evolu??o disruptiva do Direito Processual Civil, sem desconsiderar as cr?ticas ao modelo, mas considerando-se que o meio no qual se desenvolve o processo n?o ? neutro, pois afeta e, muitas vezes, condiciona o conte?do da mensagem.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:48:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AlexandreSGV_DISSERT.pdf: 2732563 bytes, checksum: ab07c81d7e941ed2d721415180865feb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-05-25 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / Software Products Lines (SPL) is a software engineering approach to developing software system families that share common features and differ in other features according to the requested software systems. The adoption of the SPL approach can promote several benefits such as cost reduction, product quality, productivity, and time to market. On the other hand, the SPL approach brings new challenges to the software evolution that must be considered. Recent research work has explored and proposed automated approaches based on code analysis and traceability techniques for change impact analysis in the context of SPL development. There are existing limitations concerning these approaches such as the customization of the analysis functionalities to address different strategies for change impact analysis, and the change impact analysis of fine-grained variability. This dissertation proposes a change impact analysis tool for SPL development, called Squid Impact Analyzer. The tool allows the implementation of change impact analysis based on information from variability modeling, mapping of variability to code assets, and existing dependency relationships between code assets. An assessment of the tool is conducted through an experiment that compare the change impact analysis results provided by the tool with real changes applied to several evolution releases from a SPL for media management in mobile devices / Linhas de Produtos de Software (LPS) consiste em um paradigma de desenvolvimento de software, no qual fam?lias de sistemas compartilham caracter?sticas comuns e tornam expl?citas outras caracter?sticas que variam de acordo com o sistema final sendo considerado. Esta abordagem oferece benef?cios ao desenvolvimento de software como redu??o de custos, qualidade do produto final, produtividade e tempo de desenvolvimento reduzido. Por outro lado, a abordagem imp?e novos desafios para a atividade de evolu??o dos artefatos que modelam e implementam a LPS. Trabalhos de pesquisa recentes prop?em abordagens com suporte automatizado de ferramentas de an?lise de impacto de mudan?a no contexto de evolu??o de LPSs. Tais abordagens s?o baseadas em t?cnicas de an?lise de impacto de mudan?as e rastreabilidade de artefatos, por?m apresentam limita??es quanto ? an?lise de impacto de mudan?as em variabilidades de granularidade fina, bem como ? customiza??o dos tipos e estrat?gias de an?lise realizadas. Esta disserta??o prop?e uma ferramenta de an?lise de impacto de mudan?a, denominada Squid Impact Analyzer, que utiliza uma estrat?gia de estimativa de impacto baseada em informa??es de caracter?sticas, mapeamento de tais caracter?sticas em artefatos de c?digo, e depend?ncia existente entre artefatos de implementa??o. A ferramenta ? avaliada atrav?s da condu??o de experimentos que realizam a quantifica??o de m?tricas de cobertura, precis?o e m?dia harm?nica nos resultados de buscas de an?lise de impacto de mudan?a da ferramenta proposta em contraposi??o ?s mudan?as reais realizadas nos artefatos de diversas vers?es de evolu??o de uma LPS para gerenciamento de m?dias em dispositivos m?veis. A ferramenta foi desenvolvida com base em uma infraestrutura que serve de base para a instancia??o de ferramentas de an?lise de propriedades de c?digo de LPSs, e que ? tamb?m parte da contribui??o da disserta??o

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:33:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PabloAM.pdf: 4013213 bytes, checksum: 97a52b7c01ae798889ede43cc9641282 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-26 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / Given the great diversity of fishes, the Order Tetraodontiformes stands to show genetic and morphological characteristics enough singular. The fishes of this order have a compact DNA which favors molecular studies, as well as comparisons with more basal species. Model of genome evolution, there are still many gaps in knowledge about their chromosomal patterns and how evolutionary rearrangements influence the marked variation in DNA content of this order. In view of this, we present cytogenetic analyzes of the species Acanthostracion quadricornis (Ostraciidae), A. polygonius (Ostraciidae) Melichthys niger (Balistidae) Cantherhines macrocerus (Monacanthidae) and C. pullus (Monacanthidae), Lagocephalus laevigatus, Colomesus psittacus and Canthigaster figueiredoi (Tetraodontidae), to contribute with cytogenetic data for this group. The analysis was performed by C-banding, Ag-RONs, coloring with base-specific fluorochromes DAPI-CMA3, restriction enzymes AluI, EcoRI, TaqI, PstI and HinfI and in situ hybridization with probes for ribosomal DNA 18S and 5S. The heterochromatic ultrastructure of A. quadricornis and A. polygonius revealed a outstanding heterochromatin content, which may indicate that the accumulation or loss of extensive heterochromatin content could be responsible for large variations in genomic content displayed in different Tetraodontiformes families. The species Cantherhines macrocerus, C. pullus (Monacanthidae) and Melichthys niger (Balistidae) shows a huge karyotypic similarity both numerically and structural. L. laevigatus showed similar cytogenetic features (2n = 44 and single RONs) to the species of the genus Takifugu, which reinforces the idea of their phylogenetic relationships. C. psittacus presented the highest diploid number described for the family (2n = 56) and large amount of HC, features that related with its sister family Diodontidae. Cytogenetic analysis in C. figueiredoi revealed heterochromatic polymorphisms, RONs multiple and Bs chromosomes. These events are rare in marine fishes, and are possibly associated with the strong restructuring and genomic reduction that this family has been suffered. These features, plus the morphological and molecular data suggests that these species share the same ancestral branch, with a possible monophyletic origin. In this study, new contributions to the knowledge of evolutionary patterns facing by Tetraodontiformes are provided and discussed under cytotaxonomyc, genomic and evolutionary perspectives. / Frente ? grande diversidade de peixes, a Ordem Tetraodontiformes se destaca por exibir caracter?sticas gen?ticas e morfol?gicas bastantes singulares. Os peixes desta Ordem apresentam um DNA compacto o que favorece estudos moleculares, assim como compara??es com esp?cies mais basais. Modelo de evolu??o gen?mica, ainda existem v?rias lacunas de conhecimento sobre seus padr?es cromoss?micos e como os rearranjos evolutivos influenciaram na marcante varia??o no conte?do de DNA desta Ordem. Diante disto o presente estudo apresenta an?lises citogen?ticas das esp?cies, Acanthostracion quadricornis (Ostraciidae), A. polygonius (Ostraciidae), Melichthys niger (Balistidae), Cantherhines macrocerus (Monacanthidae), C. pullus (Monacanthidae), Lagocephalus laevigatus, Colomesus psittacus e Canthigaster figueiredoi (Tetraodontidae) visando contribuir com mais dados citogen?ticos para o grupo. As an?lises foram realizadas atrav?s do bandamento C, Ag-RONs, colora??o com fluorocromos base-espec?ficos DAPICMA3, enzimas de restri??o AluI, EcoRI, TaqI, PstI e HinfI e pela hibrida??o in situ com sondas de DNA ribossomal 18S e 5S. A ultra-estrutura heterocromat?nica de A. quadricornis e A. polygonius, revelaram um marcante conte?do heterocrom?tico, situa??o que pode indicar que o ac?mulo ou perda de extenso conte?do de heterocromatinas poderiam ser respons?veis pelas extensas varia??es no conte?do gen?mico exibidas nas diferentes fam?lias dos Tetraodontiformes. As esp?cies Cantherhines macrocerus, C. pullus (Monacanthidae) e Melichthys niger (Balistidae) apresentam uma grande similaridade cariot?pica, tanto num?rica, como estruturalmente. Lagocephaluslaevigatus mostrou caracter?sticas citogeneticas similares (2n=44 e RONs simples) as esp?cies do g?nero Takifugu, o que refor?a a id?ia de seu relacionamento filogen?tico, e Colomesus psittacus apresentou o maior n?mero dipl?ide descrito para a fam?lia (2n=56) e grande quantidade de HC, caracter?sticas que o relacionariam com a fam?lia irm? Diodontidae. An?lises citogen?ticas em C. figueiredoi revelaram polimorfismos heterocrom?ticos, RONs m?ltiplas e cromossomos Bs, sendo estes eventos raros para peixes marinhos, estando possivelmente associados ? marcante reestrutura??o e redu??o gen?mica que esta fam?lia sofreu. Estas caracter?sticas, somadas aos dados morfol?gicos e moleculares sugerem que estas esp?cies compartilham de um mesmo ramo ancestral, com poss?vel origem monofil?tica. Neste trabalho novas contribui??es ao conhecimento dos padr?es evolutivos enfrentados pelos Tetraodontiformes s?o fornecidas e discutidas sob perspectivas citotax?nomicas, gen?micas e evolutivas.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:33:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RodrigoXS_DISSERT.pdf: 1797294 bytes, checksum: f032295b5b46cf49baf85e9aff88c766 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-04-27 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Cytogenetic studies in fish have been contributed significantly to a better understanding of the marine biodiversity, presenting information related to characterization, evolution and conservation of species e fisheries stocks. Among the marine species which cytogenetic data are less well known pelagic forms are detached, that despite the economic importance and conservation efforts have been suffering great pressure from the artisanal and industrial fisheries. The present work characterized cytogenetically six species of large pelagic fish in the Atlantic, belonging to the Order Perciformes, among them, four species of Scombridae, Thunnus albacares, T. obesus, Scomberomorus brasiliensis and Acanthocybium solandri and two Coryphaenidae, Coryphaena equiselis and C. hippurus using Classical cytogenetic methods as conventional staining, C-banding and Ag-NORs and molecular through staining fluorochromes AT and GC-specific and mapping of ribosomal multigene families, 18S and 5S. The identification of phylogenetic patterns and cytotaxonomic markers between the species and the presence of sex chromosomes in at least one species of Coryphaenidae, are particularly useful in the formulating of phylogenetic hypotheses, as well as comparisons between groups and populations / Os estudos citogen?ticos em peixes v?m contribuindo significantemente para um melhor conhecimento sobre a biodiversidade marinha, apresentando informa??es voltadas ? caracteriza??o, evolu??o e conserva??o de esp?cies e estoques pesqueiros. Entre as esp?cies marinhas cujos dados citogen?ticos s?o menos conhecidos se destacam as formas pel?gicas, que apesar da import?ncia econ?mica e de esfor?os conservacionistas v?m sofrendo grande press?o da pesca artesanal e industrial. O presente trabalho caracterizou citogeneticamente seis esp?cies de grandes peixes pel?gicos no Atl?ntico, pertencentes ? Ordem Perciformes, dentre elas, quatro esp?cies de Scombridae, Thunnus albacares, T. obesus, Scomberomorus brasiliensis e Acanthocybium solandri e duas de Coryphaenidae, Coryphaena equiselis e C. hippurus utilizando m?todos citogen?ticos cl?ssicos, como colora??o convencional, bandamento C e Ag-RONs, e moleculares, atrav?s da colora??o com fluorocromos AT e GC-espec?ficos e mapeamento de fam?lias multig?nicas ribossomais 18S e 5S. A identifica??o de padr?es filogen?ticos e marcadores citotaxon?micos entre as esp?cies e a presen?a de cromossomos sexuais em pelo menos uma esp?cie de Coryphaenidae, s?o particularmente ?teis na formula??o de hip?teses filogen?ticas, bem como em compara??es entre grupos e popula??es

Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-24T19:48:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ZuleideMCL.pdf: 3563963 bytes, checksum: d530c00861412b2b316c4040482b9f16 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-03-10 / This doctorate thesis concerning on the Characterization of the Environmental Dynamics of the Coastal Area of the Municipal district of Galinhos, Septentrional Coast of Rio Grande do Norte State, is located in the influence area of the Guamar? Petroliferous Pole, having as general objective the understanding of the active coastal dynamics in the region of Galinhos, whose specific objectives were: To study the variation of the coast line in the decades of 1954, 1967,1988, 1996, 2000, from remote sensing products; To elucidate the hypothesis of the region of Galinhos to have been an old system of islands barriers, using as basic tool the penetration radar in the soil - GPR; To monitor and to characterize the coastal dynamics of the study area starting from monthly data of beach profiles, sedimentological analysis, hydrodynamic data and environmental characterization data; which were used to feed the database of the N-NE network of Environmental Monitoring of Areas under Influence of the Petroliferous Industry;(REDE05/FINEP/CNPq/CTPETRO/ PETROBRAS). This research is justified, of the environmental point of view, by involving the mangrove ecosystem considered one of the most delicated environments of the State. From the viewpoint of the petroleum exploration, the systems of islands barriers are favorable for hydrocarbons reservoirs and, consequently important targets to the oil and gas industry, becoming this region attractive in comparison with similar lithified environments. With the results of the variability study in the position of the coast line in the Municipal district of Galinhos/RN from the analysis of remote sensing images, it was possible to investigate the changes in the coast line in temporal scale; the use of directional filters allowed to emphasize linings in the direction NE and to identify submerged features such as sandwaves. The use of GPR enabled the confirmation of paleochannels existence and thus confirmed the hypothesis that the Galinhos spit was formed from an old system of islands barriers. The results of the granulometric analyses indicated that in the summer period the sediments in the profiles A and B in the foreshore portion were classified with the granulometry of sand with scattered gravel and in the shoreface were constituted by sand, but in the winter period these same morphologic compartments were constituted by sand with sparse gravel and siltic sand respectively. In the profile C, in the summer and in the winter, the shoreface and foreshore compartments presented predominantly constituted by sand with sparse gravel. The hydrodynamic results showed that the largest wave heights were registered in the month of February (62 cm) and the highest period of 1,00 m/s in the month of May, the sense of the coastal currents was kept among the quadrants SW and NW, and the winds coming from NE were predominant. The analysis of the beach profiles demonstrated that in the profile A, although it had occurred erosion and deposition during the monitored months, the morphology of the referred profile was kept constant. In the profiles B and C, there were abrupt changes in the morphology, during the monitored months, having been identified a cyclic pattern in the features of the foreshore zone sometimes forming longitudinal sandy bars and in other times forming berm. These results evidenced, therefore, that studies of this nature are of fundamental importance for the coastal zoning, aiming subsidies to the organs managers in the closing of decisions as for the implantation of enterprises in the area, and for the industry of the petroleum through generation of information that subsidize the implementation and location of petroliferous structures adequate to this environment / Esta tese de doutorado sobre a caracteriza??o da din?mica ambiental da regi?o costeira do munic?pio de Galinhos, Litoral Setentrional do Rio Grande do Norte, acha-se inserida na ?rea de influ?ncia do P?lo Petrol?fero de Guamar?, tendo como objetivo geral o entendimento da din?mica costeira atuante na regi?o de Galinhos, cujos objetivos espec?ficos foram : estudar a varia??o da linha de costa nas d?cadas de 1954, 1967, 1988, 1996 e 2000, a partir de produtos de sensoriamneto remoto; elucidar a hipotese da regi?o de Galinhos ter sido um antigo sisitema de ilhas barreiras, utilizando como ferramneta b?sica o radar de penetra??o no solo - GPR; monitorar e caracterizar a dinamica costeira da ?rea em estudo a partir de dados mensais da perfis praiais, analise sedimentologica, dados hidrodin?micos e dados de caracteriza??o ambiental; este conjunto de dados foram utilizados para alimetar o banco de dados da Rede NNE de monitoramneto ambiental das ?reas sob influ?ncia da industria petrol?fera (REDE05/FINEP/CNPq/CTPERO/PETROBRAS). Esta pesquisa se justifica, do ponto de vista ambiental, por envolver ecossistemas de alta fragilidade como dunas, praias e manguezais. Do ponto de vista da explora??o do petr?leo, os sistemas de ilhas barreiras s?o prop?cios para reservat?rios de hidrocarbonetos e, por conseguinte, alvos importantes para a ind?stria do petr?leo e g?s tornando esta regi?o atrativa na compara??o com dep?sitos similares litificados. O estudo da variabilidade na posi??o da linha de costa no Munic?pio de Galinhos/RN a partir da an?lise de imagens de sensores remotos, foi poss?vel investigar as mudan?as na linha de costa em escala temporal; a utiliza??o de filtros direcionais permitiu enfatizar lineamentos de dire??o NE e identificar fei??es submersas tais como sandwaves. A utiliza??o do GPR possibilitou a comprova??o da exist?ncia de paleocanais confirmando a hip?tese de que o spit de Galinhos foi formado a partir de um antigo sistema de ilhas barreiras. Os resultados das an?lises granulom?tricas indicaram que no per?odo de ver?o os sedimentos nos perfis A e B na por??o de estir?ncio foram classificados como de granulometria areia com cascalho esparso e na antepraia foram constitu?dos por areia, j? no per?odo de inverno estes mesmos compartimentos morfol?gicos apresentaram-se com areia com cascalho esparso e areia siltosa respectivamente No perfil C, tanto no ver?o como no inverno, os compartimentos de estir?ncio e antepraia apresentaram-se predominantemente por areia com cascalho esparso. Os resultados hidrodin?micos mostraram que as maiores alturas de onda foram registradas no m?s de fevereiro (62 cm) e o maior per?odo de 1,00 m/s no m?s de maio, o sentido das correntes litor?neas se manteve entre os quadrantes SW e NW, e os ventos provenientes de NE foram predominantes. A an?lise dos perfis praiais demonstrou que no perfil A, embora tenha ocorrido tanto eros?o como deposi??o durante os meses monitorados, a morfologia do referido perfil permaneceu constante. Nos perfis B e C, ocorreram mudan?as bruscas na morfologia, durante os meses monitorados, tendo sido identificada uma ciclicidade nas fei??es da zona de estir?ncio ora formando barras arenosas longitudinais ora formando berma. Estes resultados evidenciaram, portanto, que estudos desta natureza s?o de fundamental import?ncia para o zoneamento costeiro, dando subs?dios aos ?rg?os gestores na tomada de decis?es quanto ? implanta??o de empreendimentos na regi?o, e para a ind?stria do petr?leo atrav?s de gera??o de informa??es que subsidiam a implementa??o de estruturas petrol?feras adequadas ao ambiente estudado