Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar a presença e as demandas da educação infantil no Conselho Municipal de Educação de Ribeirão Preto (CMERP), levando-se em consideração a garantia do direito à educação das crianças de zero a cinco anos. Dessa forma, foi realizada a análise de documentos pertinentes a partir dos seguintes aspectos norteadores: atuação de profissionais da EI no CMERP; atuação do CMERP na definição de políticas públicas deste município e a postura da Secretaria Municipal de Educação tendo em vista as questões discutidas nas atas das reuniões ordinárias e extraordinárias. Estes documentos foram estudados à luz das normativas e do que a literatura apresenta sobre o tema. Com isso, pretendeu-se explicitar como a EI tem sido abordada em um órgão participativo, como o CMERP. O avanço da gestão democrática no Brasil refletiu na crescente presença de fóruns participativos e, com isso, aumentou-se o número de pesquisas a respeito que apresentam como estas instituições têm mediado a relação entre a sociedade civil e o Poder Público. No entanto, percebemos que a discussão proposta neste trabalho, envolvendo o Conselho Municipal de Educação e a primeira etapa da educação básica, tem sido pouco abordada em pesquisas acadêmicas. Com isso, justificamos o presente tema para o qual realizamos a análise das legislações e dos dados retirados das atas das reuniões do CMERP, do Plano Municipal de Educação de Ribeirão Preto e das entrevistas que envolveram membros deste Conselho. Assim, pudemos constatar que o CMERP é um conselho em funcionamento que tem cumprido com suas atribuições determinadas em seu Regimento Interno e que há representantes da EI que garantem a discussão a respeito. Porém, a presença do Poder Executivo ainda ocorre de maneira muito marcante e percebemos que ela se configura como um dos desafios para a garantia de direitos em meio a uma gestão democrática / This research aims to analyse the presence and demands on early childhood education and the Municipal Education Council of Ribeirão Preto (CMERP- in Portuguese), taking into account the guarantee of the right to education of children from zero to five years old. Therefore, the analyzes of pertinent documents were carried out based on the following guiding principles: the performance of EI professionals at CMERP, CMERP performance in defining public policies of this city and the position of the City Bureau of Education in view of the questions discussed in the minutes during the ordinary and extraordinary meetings. These documents were analysed under the rules and from what the literature presents on the subject. Hence, it was intended to make explicit how EI has been brought up in a collaborative organization, such as CMERP. The advance of democratic management in Brazil reflected in the growing presence in participative forums and, therefore, the number of researches related to how these institutions have interfered the relation between the civil society and the Public Power have increased. However, we realize that the discussion proposed in this project, involving the Municipal Education Council and the first stage of basic education, has been little discussed in academic researches. Hence, we justify the present subject for which we carry out the analyzes of legislations and data taken from the minutes of the meeting at CMERP, the Local Plan of Education of Ribeirão Preto and from the interviews that involved members of this Council. Thus, we could verify that CMERP is a functioning council that has accomplished its assignments determined in the Internal Regulation and there are EI representatives that guarantee the discussion about it. However, the presence of the Executive Power still occurs in a very remarkable way and we realize it is arranged as one of the challenges to guarantee the rights in the midst of a democratic management

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Music activities and free musical play have significant developmental, social, and emotional benefits for young children. Early childhood educators can play an important role in integrating music-related activities into children’s everyday lives. This study explored the music experiences of early childhood educators in British Columbia (BC) before they become educators. Using an interpretive phenomenological approach (IPA), this study sought to address the following research question: How do early childhood educators’ pre-professional music learning and pedagogical experiences influence their use of music in their practices with young children in formalized childcare settings? In this exploratory study, I conducted semi-structured and in-depth interviews with six early childhood educators who had studied early childhood education (ECE) in BC, worked in the Greater Victoria area, and had music-related experiences before and during their post-secondary studies. I identified the following three main themes in the data: (a) Sense of Belonging; (b) Repeating and Performing, and (c) Growing by Doing. These themes highlight further subthemes to present insights into the relationship between early childhood educator participants’ music experiences (before becoming early childhood educators) and their views on and use of music with children in their ECE practice. The findings and their implications based on participants’ shared stories can assist ECE post-secondary programs, BC educational policymakers, as well as future researchers in this area to address and support early childhood educators’ music-related professional experiences. / Graduate

This study investigated the differences and similarities between full-day programs (FDP) and half-day programs (HDP) in Hong Kong kindergartens in terms of children’s experiences and program quality, as well as in the stakeholders such as parents’, teachers’, and principals’ perspectives. Besides, the study investigated stakeholders’ perceptions about the preference of FDP or HDP and their views about subsidizing FDP. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected to explore the research questions. Findings showed that FDP in Hong Kong is different from HDP, rather than an extension of HDP. Additionally, the stakeholders in Hong Kong prefer FDP and support to subsidize FDP. Findings from the study have significant policy and practice implications to improve overall quality of both programs. / published_or_final_version / Education / Master / Master of Education

<p> The purpose of the study is to evaluate if the effectiveness of a check-in, checkout (CICO) intervention varies based on the function maintaining students' target behaviors as determined by functional analyses prior to the implementation of the intervention. Participants in the study consisted of 6 children enrolled in general education Kindergarten classes across 6 teachers in the Southeastern United States. Upon completion of a functional analysis, participants were determined to fit into functional groups (i.e., combined attention and escape, attention, and escape), then a modified between groups design with a component of a multiple-baseline across participants design was completed. Overall, the current study found that the CICO intervention increased desired behavior as measured by points earned on the daily behavior report card ratings across baseline to intervention phases. All functional groups displayed an increase in average points earned from baseline phase across intervention phases. The results of the current study have implications within the educational systems for selecting interventions within the response to intervention framework, utilizing functional analysis for the CICO intervention, and acceptability of evidence based interventions. Limitations and recommendations for future research are presented.</p>

<p> For decades, researchers have investigated strengths and challenges promoting early healthy childhood development, in terms of physical, social emotional and linguistic aspects, for a variety of children groups in the United States. Due to the limited availability of research on the Latino population, addressing the needs of the growing population of Latino children throughout the United States is challenging. Latino students living in the United States are academically behind students of other ethnicities. In 2011, Latinos were identified as the largest and fastest growing minority group in the U.S. with the lowest education attainment levels. Unfortunately, less than 50% of Latino children are less likely to be enrolled in early childhood programs.</p><p> The purpose of this research was to examine the Latino parents&rsquo; beliefs, values and knowledge affecting their decision-making process in opting to send their children to Early childhood programs (ECPs), impacting their readiness for school. Both quantitative and qualitative data were gathered from Latino parent/guardians, Preschool to first grade teachers, and administrators from 9 schools in a school district in Phoenix, Arizona and analyzed. Qualitative data were collected in the form of in-depth interviews and surveys as sources of data from participants. Qualitative data were analyzed using two cycles of coding and represented through matrices. Quantitative data were analyzed using a descriptive analytical method. Five themes emerged that informed the research questions.</p><p> Findings of this study suggested that capitalizing on the Latino parents&rsquo; cultural wealth can help district administrators and policy makers to maximize opportunities for this growing minority group to increase their readiness to kindergarten and success in school. It is important to increase access to high quality early programs to help children begin kindergarten with the necessary tools to succeed in school and in life.</p>

<p> The quality of early caregiving and educational environments has a significant effect on children&rsquo;s later cognitive outcomes. Early childhood teachers are an important determining factor in the quality of these environments. Due to inconsistencies in practice across the early childhood field, there is a call for better prepared teachers. Teacher preparation itself is criticized for its lack of innovative and effective practices. While research finds that more effective teacher preparation programs are those that are steeped in clinical practice, these types of experiences are inconsistent and fragmented in the early childhood field. Part of the issue is the lack of knowledge on how to integrate highquality clinical experiences carefully into early childhood teacher preparation in order to prepare all preservice teachers successfully for the classroom. </p><p> The purpose of this qualitative study was to propose a middle-range, systematic theory for the types of practices and ideologies that the most successful early childhood teacher education programs use to prepare their preservice teachers for the education profession. A more focused purpose of this grounded theory study was to describe the ways in which early childhood preservice teachers learn about children&rsquo;s cognitive development as well as how they describe their application of this knowledge to developmentally appropriate pedagogical practices. A secondary purpose of this study was to examine these various clinical models as described by experts in the field. Analysis was completed on semi-structured interviews with preservice teachers and faculty members, open-ended surveys completed by preservice teachers, and university documents. As a result of rigorous data analysis, a theory emerged to explain clinical practice at three model early childhood teacher preparation programs. Findings suggest that there are seven layers of strength that contribute to the model programs&rsquo; expertise in preparing their preservice teachers. This study is significant in that it reports researchbased elements that may contribute to policy regarding models for teacher preparation and meaningful clinical experiences.</p>

O presente trabalho apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa em nível de mestrado do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo. Este projeto faz parte de uma pesquisa mais ampla realizada pelo Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisa sobre Políticas Públicas de Educação para a Infância (GEPPEI), intitulada Gestão de sistemas e unidades públicas de Educação Infantil: análise de uma microrregião no estado de São Paulo, orientada pela Professora Doutora Bianca Correa. Este recorte específico teve por objetivo aprofundar os estudos sobre Educação Infantil e gênero por meio da análise de material apostilado utilizado em um dos municípios integrantes da região analisada, tendo em vista os conteúdos propostos sob a ótica das questões de gênero. Como aporte teórico, recorremos à legislação vigente e produção acadêmica na área. Como recursos metodológicos, além da análise do conteúdo das apostilas, utilizamos entrevistas. A análise do material nos permitiu selecionar duas categorias principais, sendo a construção da imagem de menina/menino e a construção da imagem de mulher/homem. Como critérios de análise, escolhemos os padrões de vestimenta e a maneira como aparecem brinquedos e brincadeiras entre meninos e meninas e o papel ocupado e/ou a função social que mulheres e homens desempenham no material apostilado. No que diz respeito à vestimenta, foi possível constatar que o material veicula um padrão estereotipado, tendo em vista que as apostilas utilizam constantemente o uso de saia/vestido para as meninas e short/calça para meninos. Identificamos ainda um padrão predeterminado em relação aos brinquedos e brincadeiras, bem como a existência de espaços privilegiados para o brincar. Em relação à imagem de adultos foi possível verificar que no material apostilado os homens desempenham diversas funções, enquanto atribui-se às mulheres os afazeres domésticos e maternidade, desconsiderando assim seu papel no mercado de trabalho, com exceção da função docente. As entrevistas indicaram que há prioridade na realização das atividades das apostilas em detrimento ao brincar e revelaram práticas diferenciadas para meninos e meninas no ambiente escolar. Este estudo concluiu que a utilização de materiais apostilados no município C se constitui numa prática prescritiva e que os conteúdos veiculados nas apostilas favorecem a cristalização de conceitos que tendem a reforçar relações desiguais de gênero / This thesis statement presents the results of a Master\'s level research of the Graduate Program in Education of the Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Literature of Ribeirão Preto. This project is part of a wider research conducted by the Group of Studies and Research about Educational Public Policies for Childhood (GEPPEI- in Portuguese), entitled as \"Management systems and Public Units for Early Childhood Education: analysis from a microregion in the state of São Paulo\", oriented by Professor Bianca Correa, Ph.D.. This specific piece aimed to deepen the studies on Early Childhood Education and gender through the analysis of the textbook used in one of the cities in the region that was analysed, considering the contents proposed from the point of view of gender issues. As a theoretical contribution, we resorted to the current legislation and the academic production in the subject. As methodological resources, besides the analysis of the textbook content, we used magazines. The material analysis allowed us to select two main categories, the image building of girl/boy and the image building of woman/man. Considering the analysis criteria, we chose the dress code and the way toys and games are presented to boys and girls and/or the social role women and men play in the textbook. Regarding the dress code, it was possible to certify that the material conveys a standard stereotype, considering that the textbooks show the use of skirt/dress to girls and shorts/trousers to boys constantly. We also identified a predetermined standard in relation to toys and games, as well as the existence of privileged spaces to play. About the adults image, it was possible to certify that in the textbook men perform several tasks, whereas women perform household chores and maternity tasks, disregarding their role in the workplace, except for teaching. The interviews indicated that there is a priority in carrying out the textbook activities to the detriment of playing, and they revealed distinct practices between boys and girls in the school environment. This study concluded that the use of textbooks in the city \"C\" constitutes in a prescriptive practice and that the contents conveyed in the textbooks favour the crystallization of concepts that tend to reinforce unequal gender relations

This study explores the ways that acts of writing occur and become recognized as “writing” in a kindergarten classroom. Symbolic representations often aligning with the dominance of conventions come to be seen and named as writing as soon as children enter school, therefore influencing how one is seen and named in the classroom space as a “writer.” This often-narrow focus on what it means to be a writer leaves little room for teachers to acknowledge the various acts of writing that occur or might occur across space and time in a given classroom or in out of school contexts. With this naming of particular acts of writing, comes the exclusion of other acts. Drawing on a sociocultural framework with tenets of post structuralism, this case study uses a Foucauldian approach to shed light on the multiple powers/knowledges that are deployed in a classroom. Using ethnographic methods this work highlights the ways that children engage in acts of mark making both within and beyond the designated pedagogical space dedicated to writing. Data were gathered through participant observations, interviews, and the collection of artifacts across the first 4 months of school in a kindergarten classroom situated in a suburban district in the Midwest. The ongoing analysis of data across the study surfaced several discursive patterns suggesting that both the teacher and children were influenced by the larger discourse of accountability and compliance circulating in schools today. With an increased emphasis on early literacy standards and the ensuing accountability attached to such, this analysis has the potential to open up possibilities that may extend how writing might come to be seen and taught in classrooms, therefore influencing the kinds of writing and acts that might be seen as permissible.

Thesis advisor: Eric Dearing / Increasing evidence indicates that exposure to poverty in early childhood may undermine neural growth that is critical to developing executive functions (EF) and, in turn, emotional and behavioral regulation (Blair et al. 2011; Kim et al., 2013; Raver et al., 2013). There is, however, also increasing evidence indicating that high-quality Early Childhood Education (ECE) (a) buffers children from risks associated with early exposure to poverty and (b) supports healthy socio-emotional development (Bierman et al., 2008; Raver, 2002; Yoshikawa et al., 2013). One line of this intervention work has focused on two-generation programs that pair high-quality ECE with supports for parents that are designed to improve parenting and the home environment. Although evidence on two-generation programs is mixed (Grindal et al., 2016; Neville et al., 2013), it is clear that much of the risk of poverty is relayed to children through their homes, and parenting is among the most critical influences on child emotional and behavioral self-regulation in infancy and early childhood (Bradley & Corwyn, 2004; Calkins & Johnson, 1998; Calkins et al., 1998). The present study builds on existing theoretical and empirical prior work indicating that children’s EF skills are important precursors to emotional and behavioral regulation that may be best promoted when addressed in both classroom and home contexts. Specifically, the present study uses a randomized design to evaluate the effects of classroom-based activities that target children’s executive functioning and the value added by training parents to better support their children’s EFs. Children were evaluated pre- and post-intervention on EF skills and prosocial and adaptive problem-solving behavior. In general, few significant effects of either the child training or the added parent component were evident. These findings are discussed with special attention to the fact that fidelity of implementation of the classroom and parent trainings was low, with less than half of teachers incorporating games at least once a week and only 13 percent of parents attending the trainings. In addition, implications for future empirical work as well as policy and practice are discussed with special attention given to further inquiry into the malleability of EF. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2017. / Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education. / Discipline: Counseling, Developmental and Educational Psychology.