Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T19:30:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Felipe Beltran Katz.pdf: 3043130 bytes, checksum: 20132492cb571c38c6960989ada1326e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-10-15 / This work tries to point out the diversity of the oriental Christianity in Sao Paulo, through the oriental churches. These institutions are connected to the immigrant communities that came to Sao Paulo since the 19th century until the mid 20th century. Amongst the oriental Christians that have come to the city are Arabs, Armenians, Greeks, Russians and Ukrainians. These communities are divided in twelve different churches, that are located in different areas of the city. The research is based on the collected testimony of each clergy member of each church, some oriental Christians from Sao Paulo and bibliography that studies the historical experience of these institutions in other parts of the world. Far from being something completely strict, presenting Rites and peculiarities of ancient Christianity, the oriental churches of Sao Paulo are inserted in the daily life of the metropolis. These churches try to mediate their past, while maintaining the faith and culture of immigrant groups with their current situation in the city. A situation where the 1st generation of immigrants is diminishing trough age and the migratory flux is not being renewed. The oriental churches, according to the testimony of clerics and faithful, are experiencing a reflexive moment in their course in the metropolis. However, this work does not try to judge which church best preserves it‟s past, but understand that they are part of the daily life of the city. They are oriental churches from Sao Paulo, therefore, their situation permeates appropriations that best respond their experience in Sao Paulo / O trabalho busca apontar a diversidade do cristianismo oriental paulistano, debruçando-se sobre as Igrejas Orientais. Essas instituições estão associadas a comunidades imigrantes que vieram para São Paulo desde o final do século XIX até a segunda metade do século XX. Entre os grupos cristãos orientais emigrados para a cidade estão árabes, armênios, gregos, russos e ucranianos. Essas comunidades estão divididas em doze Igrejas localizadas em diversos pontos da região metropolitana. A pesquisa apoia-se em depoimentos coletados entre os membros do clero de cada uma dessas Igrejas, alguns fiéis cristãos orientais da cidade e bibliografia acerca da experiência histórica dessas instituições em outras partes do mundo. Longe de ser algo cristalizado, apresentando Ritos e peculiaridades do antigo cristianismo, as Igrejas Orientais na cidade de São Paulo estão inseridas no dia a dia da metrópole. Essas Igrejas pretendem mediar seu passado, associado com a manutenção da fé e cultura das comunidades imigrantes, e a vivência de sua situação paulistana atual. Uma situação em que a primeira geração de imigrantes diminui devido ao envelhecimento e aos fluxos imigratórios que não se renovam. As Igrejas Orientais, de acordo com os depoimentos de clérigos e fiéis, vivem um momento reflexivo de sua trajetória na metrópole. No entanto, o trabalho não deve julgar qual Igreja preserva melhor o passado, mas deve compreender que elas fazem parte do cotidiano da cidade. São Igrejas Orientais paulistanas, portanto, sua situação perpassa apropriações que melhor respondem à sua experiência em São Paulo

Au sein de l’Église catholique, les critères d’appartenance à une Église sui iuris ont évolué dans l’histoire du droit canonique notamment à l’occasion de la promulgation encore récente du code latin de 1983 et du code des canons des Églises orientales de 1990. Le droit positif témoigne du souci du législateur de privilégier désormais l’objectivité du critère, sans empêcher qu’interviennent des éléments d’appréciation liés à la volonté des personnes qui souhaitent changer de rite par exemple à l’occasion de leur mariage. La loi et la praxis du Saint Siège manifestent cette recherche difficile d’un équilibre entre un déterminisme objectif de l’appartenance rituelle et une liberté subjective de choisir son rite ou d’en changer. Mais, les mutations sociales et structurelles ecclésiales récentes, caractérisées par la multiplication de structures ecclésiastiques à caractère personnel dans le monde latin, qui font droit à la volonté subjective des fidèles et l’augmentation importante du nombre des catholiques orientaux en diaspora, conduisent à s’interroger sur la pertinence de privilégier le critère territorial par rapport au critère personnel des structures ecclésiales orientales. Sauf à les condamner à la marginalité, voire à la disparition, il convient désormais de réfléchir sur le lien institutionnel qui unit les Églises de droit propre à leurs fidèles. Le poids de l’histoire, celui des relations avec les autres Églises orientales orthodoxes et enfin celui de la tradition canonique doivent être à la fois intégrés et dépassés pour ne pas enfermer les Églises orientales catholiques dans une logique mortifère. / Within the Catholic Church, the criteria for belonging to a sui iuris Church have evolved throughout the history of Canon Law, particularly after the fairly recent promulgation of the Latin Code in 1983 and of the Code of the Canons of the Eastern Churches in 1990. Positive Law is proof of the care the legislator now takes to give priority to the objectivity of the criteria, whilst not preventing other elements to be taken into account, such as the desire of people who wish to change the rite, for example in the case of their marriage. Holy See law and Praxis are a witness to this difficult search for a balance between an objective determinism concerning adherence to the ritual and a subjective freedom to choose one’s rite or to modify it. However, society and Church structures have changed in recent years, changes which are characterized by the multiplication of ecclesiastical structures with a personal character in the Latin world, giving the Faithful the right to have their own personal wishes; and a growing number of Eastern Church members in Diaspora. This has led us to reconsider whether it is now at all pertinent to favour territorial criteria as opposed to personal ones in Eastern Church structures. Unless we wish to condemn them to a marginal position or even to disappear altogether, we must now reflect carefully on the institutional link between the Sui Iuris Churches and their Faithful. The weight of History, of the link with the other Eastern Orthodox Churches, and of the tradition of Canon Law must be simultaneously integrated and transcended if Eastern Catholic Churches are not to be trapped within a death-inducing logic.