Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:35:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-03-10Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T21:07:57Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 giao_jz_dr_botib.pdf: 467476 bytes, checksum: 3edd21365667e15f3e39caee6b3e043a (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / No presente estudo a dinâmica de interações intra e interespecíficas foi investigada em Chrysomya albiceps. O estudo foi delineado para investigar a influência de psicofármacos sobre diversos aspectos ecológicos importantes para a demografia do grupo taxonômico, bem como de relevância para o contexto da entomologia forense. Modelagem matemática fundamentada na teoria populacional para processos dependentes da densidade foi utilizada para avaliar o impacto dos fármacos sobre a ecologia dos insetos. A dinâmica de predação por C. albiceps foi investigada com experimentação voltada para a comparação do desempenho de C. albiceps como espécie predadora sobre suas presas. Neste sentido, a resposta funcional também foi analisada. Os subconjuntos Fuzzy também foram utilizados nas simulações para analisar o efeito dos fármacos e da predação intraguilda sobre a dependência da densidade das espécies. Os resultados mostram que os diferentes fármacos agem significativamente sobre as populações de moscas, induzindo a mudanças comportamentais em nível individual e coletivo, com implicações para a dinâmica populacional e de predação de C. albiceps. Variações na fecundidade e na sobrevivência das espécies levam a alterações nos padrões de oscilação populacional de C. albiceps. A predação intraguilda também é substancialmente influenciada pelos fármacos. Os possíveis efeitos signérgicos dos fatores mencionados são discutidos no estudo, assim como as implicações dos resultados para a entomologia forense / In this study, intra and interspecific interaction dynamics were investigated in Chrysomya albiceps. The study was designed to investigate the influence of drugs on several ecological aspects important for the demographics of blowflies and the forensic entomology context. Mathematical modeling founded on the population theory for density-dependent process was used to evaluate the impact of drugs on the larval ecology of the insects. The predation dynamics of C. albiceps was investigated with experimentation focused on performance comparisons of C. albiceps as a predator species, on their prey. In this sense, the functional response was also analyzed. The Fuzzy subsets were also used in the simulations to analyze the effect of drugs and intraguild predation on the density dependence process of the species. The results show that the different drugs act significantly on the fly populations, inducing to behavioral changes, at individual and collective level, with implications for the population dynamics of C. albiceps. Changes in fecundity and survival of the species lead to alterations in oscillation population patterns of C. albiceps. The intraguild predation was also substantially influenced by drugs. The possible synergistic effects of the mentioned factors are discussed in the study, as well as the implications of results for forensic entomology

Orientador: Wesley Augusto Conde Godoy / Banca: Patricia Jacqueline Thyssen / Banca: Aricio Xavier Linhares / Banca: Marcelo Nogueira Rossi / Banca: Carolina Reigada / Resumo: No presente estudo a dinâmica de interações intra e interespecíficas foi investigada em Chrysomya albiceps. O estudo foi delineado para investigar a influência de psicofármacos sobre diversos aspectos ecológicos importantes para a demografia do grupo taxonômico, bem como de relevância para o contexto da entomologia forense. Modelagem matemática fundamentada na teoria populacional para processos dependentes da densidade foi utilizada para avaliar o impacto dos fármacos sobre a ecologia dos insetos. A dinâmica de predação por C. albiceps foi investigada com experimentação voltada para a comparação do desempenho de C. albiceps como espécie predadora sobre suas presas. Neste sentido, a resposta funcional também foi analisada. Os subconjuntos Fuzzy também foram utilizados nas simulações para analisar o efeito dos fármacos e da predação intraguilda sobre a dependência da densidade das espécies. Os resultados mostram que os diferentes fármacos agem significativamente sobre as populações de moscas, induzindo a mudanças comportamentais em nível individual e coletivo, com implicações para a dinâmica populacional e de predação de C. albiceps. Variações na fecundidade e na sobrevivência das espécies levam a alterações nos padrões de oscilação populacional de C. albiceps. A predação intraguilda também é substancialmente influenciada pelos fármacos. Os possíveis efeitos signérgicos dos fatores mencionados são discutidos no estudo, assim como as implicações dos resultados para a entomologia forense / Abstract: In this study, intra and interspecific interaction dynamics were investigated in Chrysomya albiceps. The study was designed to investigate the influence of drugs on several ecological aspects important for the demographics of blowflies and the forensic entomology context. Mathematical modeling founded on the population theory for density-dependent process was used to evaluate the impact of drugs on the larval ecology of the insects. The predation dynamics of C. albiceps was investigated with experimentation focused on performance comparisons of C. albiceps as a predator species, on their prey. In this sense, the functional response was also analyzed. The Fuzzy subsets were also used in the simulations to analyze the effect of drugs and intraguild predation on the density dependence process of the species. The results show that the different drugs act significantly on the fly populations, inducing to behavioral changes, at individual and collective level, with implications for the population dynamics of C. albiceps. Changes in fecundity and survival of the species lead to alterations in oscillation population patterns of C. albiceps. The intraguild predation was also substantially influenced by drugs. The possible synergistic effects of the mentioned factors are discussed in the study, as well as the implications of results for forensic entomology / Doutor

Please read the abstract (Summary) in the section 00front of this document / Dissertation (MSc (Botany))--University of Pretoria, 2005. / Plant Science / unrestricted

Magistriniame darbe yra aptariami šiuolaikiniai stiklo meno pavyzdžiai, kurių meninėje ir technologinėje raiškoje skleidžiasi ekologinės idėjos. Šių dienų visuomenėje ekologijos tema palaipsniui tampa vis svarbesnė, todėl mano darbe taip pat nagrinėjamos globalinės ekologijos problemos, ekologinė situacija, ekologinis auklėjimas. Nuosekliai aptariama ekologijos reikšmė visuomenės gyvenime ir meninėje erdvėje, ekomeno tikslingumas ir jo sąsajos su perdirbtu stiklu. Svarbi ekologiško, socialiai angažuoto, meno sąvoka. Išskiriami reikalavimai, kuriais remiantis, toks menas tiek savo forma, tiek turiniu apima ekologinę etiką, ir gali padėti sukelti pagarbą gamtai, nurodyti pamatines vertybes, išplėsti ekologinį supratimą. Stengtąsi atkreipti dėmesį į stiklo gamybos ekologizavimą, perdirbimo naudą tiek ekologiniais, tiek finansiniais ir energetiniais aspektais. Plačiau aiškinamas šios medžiagos perdirbimo aktualumas tiek Lietuvoje, tiek pasaulyje, mat per metus susidaro daugybė tonų stiklo atliekų. Šios stiklo atliekos perdirbamos į daugybę kasdien sutinkamų objektų. Jiems formuoti naudojami atitinkami formavimo būdai: valcavimas, tempimas, presavimas, liejimas, pūtimas, moliravimas, sukepinimas ir pate de verre technika. Meno pasaulyje šiandiena ypatingai populiarūs perdirbto stiklo kūriniai. Darbe plačiau aprašoma užsienio menininkų kūryba, analizuojamos pagrindinės idėjos, išryškinamas techninis pasirinkimas. Lietuvos stiklo autorių kūryba aptariama saikingiau, nes šalyje... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / In this master’s paper examples are discussed of contemporary glass art, which has ideas of ecology flourishing in their artistic and technological practices. In today‘s society the topic of ecology is gradually becoming more important, therefore my work examines global ecological problems, its situation, and environmental awareness. The importance of ecology to a society‘s lifestyle and the art world, “eco art’s” expedience and its connections with recycled glass are coherently discussed. Defining ecological and socially engaged art is important. Requirements are set, based on which such art in its form and content covers the ethics of ecology and is able to help foster respect for nature, teach underlying values, and widen the understanding of ecology. It was sought to show attention to making the process of glass production more ecological and the benefit of recycling from an ecological, financial, and energy aspects. The relevance of recycling this material both in Lithuania and the world is widely explained because countless tons of glass waste is produced per year. Glass waste is recycled into a lot of objects of daily use. They are being formed in several applicable methods:, extrusion, rolling, casting, blowing, and pâte de verre technique. Artworks from recycled glass are exceptionally popular today in the art world. The work of foreign artists is widely discussed, underlying ideas are analysed, and their choice of technique is highlighted in this paper. The work of... [to full text]

Please read the abstract in the section 00front of this document / Thesis (PhD (Botany))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Plant Science / unrestricted

De senaste åren har hållbar utveckling fått mer och mer betydelse i samhället. Skolan speglar samhället, vilket syns i styrdokumentens krav på integrering av undervisning för hållbar utveckling i alla ämnen. Studiens syfte är att undersöka hur undervisningen för hållbar utveckling genomförs i biologiundervisningen i åk. 4-6 och vilka hinder lärarna träffar på. Tre mellanstadielärare som har undervisat i hållbar utveckling i biologi kontaktades och intervjuades. Resultaten visar att lärarna saknar utbildning i undervisning för hållbar utveckling, men strävar efter att genomföra en bra undervisning utifrån den befintliga kunskapen. Skolans indelning i olika ämnen gör det svårt för lärare att arbeta ämnesövergripande. Dessutom hindrar lektionens längd och den begränsade planeringstiden lärarna från att ge eleven ett djup förståelse av hållbar utveckling. Slutligen behöver lärarna möjligheter att utveckla sin förståelse av begreppet och skolverkets krav på undervisningen för hållbar utveckling. / In recent years, sustainable development has become more and more important in society. The school reflects society which is visible in the requirements within the governing documents for the integration of education for sustainable development into all subjects. The aim of the study is to examine how education for sustainable development is conducted in biology education in grades 4-6 and the obstacles that the teachers encounter. Three middle school teachers who have taught sustainable development in biology were contacted and interviewed. The results show that teachers lack education in education for sustainable development, but strive to achieve a good education based on existing knowledge. The division of the school into different subjects makes it difficult for teachers to work interdisciplinary. In addition, the duration of the lesson and the limited planning time prevent teachers from giving the student a deep understanding of sustainable development. Finally, teachers need opportunities to develop their understanding of the concept and the school's requirements for education for sustainable development.

The master thesis contains a literature search dealing with the unconventional technology of water jet cutting. The first part is aimed to description of the water jet technology and shows the possibilities of controlling and awarding data for cutting. Follows the chapter about the influences of the input parameters to a surface quality and machining accuracy. The thesis also giving an account of ecological factors of the water jet cutting. The description of the whole technology for production of the sprocket is a part of the thesis. The last part of the thesis is solving the economics of the water jet cutting technology, especially for production of the sprocket with comparing dependency of the cutting conditions.

The subject of this dissertation thesis is „Savings in material flows in connection with EMS in production companies“. The topic of this dissertation thesis is the saving in material flows in connection with EMS in production companies. Sound ecological management in industrial companies is important due to the fact it enhances environment protection and provides the companies concerned with competitive advantage. In many cases it provides for better organization of labor and decrease of wastage and allows for other preventive measures. The aim of this paper is to study the relation between the economical and environmental protection interests of companies operating in selected business sector, the paper examines whether environment protection activities practiced by the companies provide also economical benefit for them. The paper uses literature to analyze relations between EMS, logistics and areas in which savings can be found thus contributing to better results in the fields of environment protection and economy. The gained information together with conducted empirical research is the base used in order to determine the area in which savings could be found. Emphasis is laid on material flows which are studied in selected company active in the field of automotive industry. The analysis is based on the current organizational structure and logistic chain, the analyses focuses mainly on warehousing activities. In the studied company there is charted disconnection point which is located in the reception area in the warehouse. Narrow place was found in the dispatch area of the warehouse, the results of the analyses are the base to be used to express the amount of possible savings. Within the process evaluation, measurements and analysis of working time for each shift have been conducted, since the working load of the concerned shifts presents a risk factor from the perspective of ensuring the in time delivery of materials to the production. Proposal to improve the process is based on the synthesis of acquired facts, it allows for better utilization of working time of warehouse employees and provides extra space for manipulation with materials. When there is extra working load to be handled (extra order from customer) it also provides for the elimination of unnecessary or extra actions connected with operations. The application of the improvement proposal will abolish one of the reasons for non operation time in production, which leads to savings in energy consumption and decreases the amount of emissions. In the final part of the dissertation thesis a summary of solutions to the encountered problems is presented and the possible contribution of this thesis to theory and praxis is described.

Thesis (MSc (Conservation Ecology and Entomology)--University of Stellenbosch, 2006. / Swartland Shale Renosterveld is restricted to fertile fine-grained soils in the winter rainfall region of the Western Cape. Between 91% and 97% of this vegetation type is transformed, mostly due to agriculture. Remaining fragments have an irreplaceable conservation value due to a high richness of endemic geophytes. Information on renosterveld vegetation composition and response to disturbance is sparse. Research occurred at three sites near Wellington: Voëlvlei Provincial Nature Reserve (CapeNature), Elandsberg Private Nature Reserve (Elandsberg Farms (Pty.) Ltd.), and Krantzkop munitions factory (Armscor/Somchem) forming a contiguous fragment in the Agter- Groeneberg Conservancy. The primary research aim was to identify or ascertain patterns of plant succession in Swartland Shale Renosterveld and associated different-aged old fields (previously ploughed), with the interaction of grazing. The key research questions are: (1) What are the plant communities of unploughed renosterveld and different-aged old fields which originated in habitats of ploughed renosterveld? (2) What are the most characteristic features of the floristic and ecological relationship between the described plant communities in terms of ecological factors operating within the studied system? (3) Does total species and life-form group richness differ between natural vegetation and old fields? (4) Is life-form richness influenced by ploughing and grazing or the interaction between these disturbances? (5) Is life-form cover-abundance influenced by ploughing and grazing or the interaction between these disturbances? (6) Does alien plant species richness differ amongst seres, and with different levels of grazing intensity? A comparison of life-form richness and cover-abundance of old field vegetation was made with adjacent natural unploughed “controls”. The effects of ploughing on community structure, with the inclusion of grazing was established. These life-form richness comparisons also occur across a gradient of increasing large mammalian herbivore grazing intensity. Sampling was conducted in winter and spring using nested 1000m2 relevés. A hierarchical classification, description and floristic interpretation of renosterveld and old field vegetation were made using TWINSPAN, SYN-TAX 2000 and CANOCO. The samples were classified with TWINSPAN and two communities were described at the association level, namely: Ursinia anthemoides–Cynodon dactylon Grassland Community (with two variants) and the Pterygodio catholici–Elytropappetum rhinocerotis Shrubland Community (with two subassociations), respectively. The vegetation data were further hierachically classified using SYNTAX 2000 which revealed similar clustering of sample objects to that resulting from classification and ordination. Following ordination of sample objects with CANOCO, select groups of species were used to depict their response curves in relation to seral development. Briefly it was found that the effects of grazing vs. non-grazing was more pronounced on old fields than in unploughed vegetation. Overall total species and life-form richness was reduced by ploughing with old fields requiring a recovery period of 30 years to resemble unploughed vegetation. Keywords: Swartland Shale Renosterveld, phytosociology, vegetation patterns, life-forms, succession, disturbance, ploughing, grazing, old fields.

This study analyses the concept of The Environment among Czechoslovak architects and on the field of architectural theory in the 1960s. Environmental problematic was frequent topic across different expert groups since end of the 1950s and especially in the 1960s. Architects was one those groups and they actively further developed this concept of The Environment and environmental problematics during 1960s. This effort had brought interesting theoretical concepts and ideas and was also influenced by general Czechoslovak intellectual milieu of 1960s. Architects also started to critically address the degradation of natural environment due to increasing industrial pollution. They also accomplished several successes on the field of environmental problematics. They managed to establish specialized field of study and played a key role in some international conferences and meetings dealing with environmental problems under UNESCO, OSN or International Union of Architects. This study indicates some of yet not well known intellectual riches of Czechoslovak 1960s and also points that continuous environmental degradation during the reign of communist party was not caused by insufficient expertise and the source for this major problem should be further researched. Key words: Architecture, Environment,...