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Networking for Knowledge Transfer : A concept on STPs’ international process for successful knowledge transferShehzad, Murtaza, Jaouen, Mathilde January 2016 (has links)
Recognizing the importance of innovation, we see that entrepreneurship and its supporting ecosystem contributes to increased prosperity in society. We also understand that the entrepreneurial phenomenon increases in efficiency through internationalization. Within the international context, knowledge transfer can be complex and requires people of multicultural background for successful interpretation. Demanding abilities to code and decode the transferred knowledge and integrate it into practices, interactions and learning for successfully creating new knowledge as a result. Our purpose for this research was to emphasize and give clarity of the process from initiatives to internationalization to successfully transferring knowledge. Being master students in an entrepreneurial program and working with related projects in our worklife, we were accustomed to- and possessed necessary background information for the topic. This gave us abilities to contact and form interviews for various science and technology parks (STP). We were motivated to collect data through a qualitative study, interviewing STPs with practical insight measuring selected theories presented in our literature review. Our findings correlate the selected theories, and give impressions that networking platforms provided by government, universities and international organizations contribute significantly in connecting STPs to international players. We also record that the government’s position is crucial in providing infrastructure and financial support to STPs. Further the challenge of knowledge transfer is positively related to complementary interest and trust, which is better resolved through awareness of multicultural networks. Further research can be recommended to investigate the objectives of institutions in an entrepreneurial ecosystem, between and in relation to the tenants. For direct understanding of international activities, we would also like to propose a research measuring science and technology parks’ engagement for internationalization and the financial results of tenants within the same time period.
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The monitoring and evaluation framework for the broad based black economic empowerment policy in South Africa and lessons of experience for NamibiaKasuto, Okasute Akwega January 2009 (has links)
Masters in Public Administration - MPA / The Namibian Government has recently embarked on the formulation of an empowerment strategy similar to South Africa’s Broad Based Black Economic
Empowerment (BBBEE) policy - the Transformation of Economic and Social
Empowerment Framework (TESEF) for Namibia. Monitoring and evaluation (M&E)
more specifically, results-based M&E has also recently emerged worldwide as an
important tool in public sector management reform and is focused on the attainment of outcomes and development results at project, programme and policy levels. The problem being investigated in this study concerns the shortage of evidence in BBBEE policy and legislative documentation of a coherent M&E framework inclusive of a set of indicators that can measure BBBEE progress against its set objectives and anticipated outcomes.Through an investigation on the state of an M&E framework for BBBEE and South Africa’s good experiences regarding the development of a Government-wide (including all sectors) coherent M&E system a number of lessons of experience have been drawn for the anticipated implementation and M&E framework of TESEF and the establishment of
a Government-wide M&E system in Namibia.The study reveals that there is currently (May 2009) no comprehensive M&E framework
inclusive of set of indicators in effect to measure BBBEE progress towards its objectives and anticipated outcomes. The suitability of available indicators to measure BBBEE derived from the South African Development Indicator framework (SADI) and the Compendium of Indicators for the Provincial Growth and Development Strategy (CIPGDS) of the Western Cape are assessed and the potential for indicator development has been explored. Through an appropriate methodology a comprehensive set of indicators that address the objectives and anticipated outcomes of BBBEE are developed and suggested in this study.The study found that while Namibia sees herself in the final phase of TESEF formulation
with the release of the latest TESEF Draft Strategy Document (April 2008) the country also sets out plans in its National Development Plan (NDP3) for period 2007/08 –2011/12 for the establishment and institutionalisation of a government-wide M&E system dedicated to the results-based M&E approach. The study finds valuable lessons for Namibia in South Africa’s Government-wide M&E (GWM&E) system drawn from South Africa’s development of: a Policy Framework for GWM&E system; a comprehensive set of national development indicators across prioritised clusters (the South African Development Indicator framework); and the established public sector capacity building and M&E support organs such as the Public Administration Leadership and Management Academy (PALAMA) formerly known the South African Management Development Institute (SAMDI) and the South African Monitoring and Evaluation Association (SAMEA).Apart from the potential indicators to measure BBBEE developed as part of the study’s recommendations, the study also recommends that an M&E framework for TESEF is
developed upon finalization of the policy’s objectives and anticipated outcomes and that this framework is included in the final TESEF design to guide its effective
implementation.
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Pathways of Women’s Empowerment: Global Struggle, Local Experience, A Case Study of CARE-International’s Women’s Empowerment Project in ZanzibarKucharski, Zuzanna January 2014 (has links)
In the field of International Development, increased attention has been given to the concept of women’s empowerment as it has been recognized as a potential driver for change. Classified as a global struggle, commitments to this concept have been at the core of many development interventions, whether they be a small NGOs working in a single community or large-scale international aid agencies with presence all around the world. Despite its international recognition, women’s empowerment has been largely left unquestioned within development practices and especially with regards to the impact it may have on local beneficiary communities. This thesis will address how universal ideas such as this one become meaningful in the local setting through a case study of CARE-International’s Women’s Empowerment in Zanzibar project that was implemented from the years 2008-2011. In applying Sally Merry’s (2006) concept of vernacularization, as a theoretical framework, it will be shown that international aid organizations do not simply adapt women’s empowerment to the local arena. Instead, various local actors are involved in a dynamic process of translating, negotiating, and making the concept more meaningful to the beneficiaries and, thus, cause a new hybrid understanding of women’s empowerment to emerge. This new concept draws more extensively on local institutions, knowledge and practices that have been inter-weaved with Islamic practices which play an important role in the lives of Zanzibaris. This thesis will illustrate how NGO culture converges with and diverges from the local communities and expose the realities that exist within the greater development discourse.
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Public private partnership in South Africa with reference to the realisation of Black Economic EmpowermentMakofane, Timothy Seporane 28 April 2013 (has links)
This study sought to highlight the concept of Black Economic Empowerment (BEE) as it applies to South Africa. BEE as a new concept in South Africa is likely to be faced with a number of challenges. Of note is how a number of pieces of legislation were generated to help create an environment for the implementation of BEE policy. What was illuminated in the study is the fact that in spite of the many policies having been generated, there seems to be a lack of understanding in terms of how these policies should be implemented. Self-evident in this study is the perception embraced by a number of stakeholders with regard to the implementation of BEE through public-private partnership. The perceived differences of opinion are not only reflected among-policy makers from different political parties, but also within the wider spectrum of South African society and workers’ movements. Differing views in terms of the actual implementation of the policy became evident in this study. The differing views seem to be premised around what can be portrayed as the niche that the concept of BEE occupies in the society at large. At the centre of this debate is the recycling of beneficiaries of BEE, which is seen to be consistent and invariable and may be perceived to be defeating the purpose of BEE through PPP. A number of questions were raised in this regard, which provided justification for the researcher to put the past and the present practices in juxtaposition. The study found that procurement processes and procedures were central to the discussion of BEE through PPP. Against this backdrop, the supply chain management system played a dominant role. The introduction of policy frameworks such as Preferential Procurement Policy Framework Act, 2000; Public Financial Management Act, 1999; the Constitution, 1996 and the Broad Based Black Economic Empowerment Act, 2003 provide an enabling environment for BEE through PPP to be a reality. The dominant discourse on BEE has been whether it indeed achieves what it set out to achieve, i.e. poverty alleviation. It is interesting that this discourse as addressed in this study seems to place in perspective the difference between economic growth and economic development, which seemed to have not yielded similar outcomes. Against this backdrop, the effect of BEE has been placed under scrutiny, with reference to the generally accepted determiners of economic growth such as gross domestic product (GDP). The study further focused on the effect of BEE in the rural areas in the midst of the perceived levels of illiteracy. Though the effect of BEE on women and youth was looked at, this has not been done in isolation from the realities facing this sector, such as a lack of skills perceived to have stemmed from the past policies of institutionalised segregation. The researcher has however argued that perhaps a new empowerment strategy had to be found based on poverty alleviation for the poor irrespective of the colour of their skin, political affiliation or gender; namely an empowerment strategy that looks into the future. The good policies referred to earlier are likely to fall prey to rampant greed as referred to by former president, Mbeki (2006). It appears the new measures will have to be put in place to curb the scourge of greed currently experienced, often masqueraded under affirmative action, affirmative acquisition or even affirmative discrimination and discrimination against the poor. This indeed feeds into the re-emergence of a new class struggle and sows the destructive seeds of interracial conflict and disharmony. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / School of Public Management and Administration (SPMA) / unrestricted
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Economic Empowerment: Protection or Risk? : - A quantitative study on economic empowerment and intimate partner violenceWiktorsson, Signe January 2022 (has links)
Violence against women is an issue faced by women all over the world. Violence conducted by a partner or husband is the most common form of violence that women are targeted by. Intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) is internationally recognized as a human rights violation as well as a major global health issue. Economic empowerment is sometimes presented as means to reduce this violence. However, if it generates protection or increased risk is debated and contradictory findings characterize the research field. This study aims to contribute by testing the two main theories (the marital dependency theory and the relative resource theory) within a previously unstudied setting: the national level. The Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regressions find a negative relationship between female labor force participation and physical and sexual IPV prevalence among women. Support is thereby provided for the marital dependency theory. No relationship at all is found when focusing on attitudes towards physical IPVAW and the conclusion emphasis that economic empowerment is helpful but not sufficient as a national strategy to reduce intimate partner violence targeting women.
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The inability to recruit and retain previously disadvantaged professionals in a South African Steel MerchantWylie, Ross James 06 1900 (has links)
The Steel Merchant offers a service of stocking and distributing steel products
and value added services throughout Africa. The company is the largest steel
merchant in Africa employing over 5500 employees.
The South African government implemented the Employment Equity Act, No 55,
(1998) and Broad-Based Black Economic Act, No 53, (2003) to readdress the
discrimination of the past and create fair opportunities for Previously
Disadvantaged Individuals (PDI) in the workplace.
The Steel Merchant's business environment is severely affected by these
legislations and is required to comply with the provisions of the Act or will receive
fines and penalties.
Since the Acts inception the merchant continues to struggle in recruiting and
retaining PDIs in professionally qualified and management positions. The
organization has experienced strategic drift by falling from a Black Economic
Empowerment (BEE) Procurement Recognition/Status Level of 5 down to level 6.
The research identified various factors within the organization that are hindering
its overall ability to adapt and progress in terms of Employment Equity (EE) and
BEE. The study is focused on identifying the internal and external barriers that
prevent the effective implementation of BEE and EE strategies in order to recruit
and retain previously disadvantaged professionals at the Steel Merchant.
The Research Objectives are:
• To evaluate the effect of organizational culture and climate on the
implementation of Employment Equity, Affirmative Action (AA) and BEE
Strategies
• To analyze the importance of Human Resource Management (HRM) in
the development of recruitment and retention strategies of previously
disadvantaged professionals
• To investigate the differences in gender and race leadership qualities and
behavior
• To identify and assess the barriers in implementing employment equity
recruitment and retention strategies
• To determine how government legislation will influence the Steel
Organizations' competitiveness internationally
Internal secondary data was used to analyze the Merchant's Human Resource
Management, EE and BEE performance. External secondary data from the
South African government departments was used to analyze the legislative Acts
and how the company performs compared to the industry standards.
A quantitative research approach was followed in the investigation. A questionnaire was developed using closed-ended questions to obtain information related to the respondent's demographical background as well as their opinion on each objective.
The questionnaire was distributed by email to 1 00 employees and weighted according to racial group (Black, White, Coloured and Asian) and gender (Male and Female). The method allowed the researcher to receive and analyze the
information quickly at no financial cost. Descriptive statistics were used to interpret the results and describe the
behaviour of each racial and gender group contained in the sample. The data methods used were:
• Percentages
• The mean, mode and median
• Standard Deviation
The conclusions from the sample were used to generalize about the steel merchant population whilst research from recognized academics was utilized to authenticate and substantiate the research findings improving the accuracy and
reliability of the research.
The results of the study identified the following factors have contributed to the
merchant's inability to recruit and retain PDI at professionally qualified and
management levels:
• The Steel Merchant has a white male dominated organizational culture
and ineffective HRM strategies
• Black shareholders have contributed little towards previously disadvantaged development creating resentment by employees
• Employment Equity, Black Economic Empowerment and Affirmative action has created racial divides, a lack of trust and will negatively influence the
company's competitiveness internationally.
The research identified various problems that hinder the implementation of EE
and BEE policy at the steel merchant which makes it difficult to recruit and retain
talented PDI. The following recommendations have been made to minimize
resistance and integrate EE and BEE policies to improve recruitment and
retention in the organization:
• Define and communicate the BEE/EE vision and strategy
• Delayer hierarchal levels
• National Culture Training
• Implement Performance Management Systems
• lncentivize Knowledge Sharing
• Re-evaluate the recruitment policies
• Train, develop and mentor PDI
• Develop career paths and succession plans
• Create a leadership development program
• Create a shared understanding of EE
• Address white fears through empowerment
• Black shareholders should be actively involved with the development of PO employees
• Harness African culture to succeed internationally.
EE and BEE is obligatory and will inevitably influence the company's
performance. The Steel Merchant has the resources and capabilities to eliminate
resistance and implement effective HRM strategies to recruit and retain talented
POl in professional and management positions. By achieving this objective, the
company's Broad Based Black Employment Equity (BBBEE) rating will advance
resulting in a sustainable competitive advantage and more business opportunities in the future. / Graduate School of Business Leadership / M.B.A.
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Investigation of misrepresentation in tender documentsMynhardt, Armand Johann 11 1900 (has links)
Construction companies, in particular, abuse the objectives of BEE in order to secure multimillion-rand contracts. Misrepresentations, specifically to the Department of Public Works, are made in various forms and stages during the submission of tender documentation by contractors. The status of BEE company owners is abused in order to secure contracts. Apartheid in South Africa prevented black citizens from entering the corporate world and thereby attaining a quality education. The South African government has, since 1994, adopted the BEE policy in order to redress racial and economic imbalances of the past. Fronting (which is regarded as fraud) is detrimental to the objectives of BEE, which are governed by legislation. Fronting further negatively affects the transformation of the South African economy which could be globally competitive. Fraud detection and its investigation are two concepts which are closely linked to each other and are vitally important to any fraud investi-gator. / Police Practice / M. Tech. (Forensic Investigation)
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The inability to recruit and retain previously disadvantaged professionals in a South African Steel MerchantWylie, Ross James 06 1900 (has links)
The Steel Merchant offers a service of stocking and distributing steel products
and value added services throughout Africa. The company is the largest steel
merchant in Africa employing over 5500 employees.
The South African government implemented the Employment Equity Act, No 55,
(1998) and Broad-Based Black Economic Act, No 53, (2003) to readdress the
discrimination of the past and create fair opportunities for Previously
Disadvantaged Individuals (PDI) in the workplace.
The Steel Merchant's business environment is severely affected by these
legislations and is required to comply with the provisions of the Act or will receive
fines and penalties.
Since the Acts inception the merchant continues to struggle in recruiting and
retaining PDIs in professionally qualified and management positions. The
organization has experienced strategic drift by falling from a Black Economic
Empowerment (BEE) Procurement Recognition/Status Level of 5 down to level 6.
The research identified various factors within the organization that are hindering
its overall ability to adapt and progress in terms of Employment Equity (EE) and
BEE. The study is focused on identifying the internal and external barriers that
prevent the effective implementation of BEE and EE strategies in order to recruit
and retain previously disadvantaged professionals at the Steel Merchant.
The Research Objectives are:
• To evaluate the effect of organizational culture and climate on the
implementation of Employment Equity, Affirmative Action (AA) and BEE
Strategies
• To analyze the importance of Human Resource Management (HRM) in
the development of recruitment and retention strategies of previously
disadvantaged professionals
• To investigate the differences in gender and race leadership qualities and
behavior
• To identify and assess the barriers in implementing employment equity
recruitment and retention strategies
• To determine how government legislation will influence the Steel
Organizations' competitiveness internationally
Internal secondary data was used to analyze the Merchant's Human Resource
Management, EE and BEE performance. External secondary data from the
South African government departments was used to analyze the legislative Acts
and how the company performs compared to the industry standards.
A quantitative research approach was followed in the investigation. A questionnaire was developed using closed-ended questions to obtain information related to the respondent's demographical background as well as their opinion on each objective.
The questionnaire was distributed by email to 1 00 employees and weighted according to racial group (Black, White, Coloured and Asian) and gender (Male and Female). The method allowed the researcher to receive and analyze the
information quickly at no financial cost. Descriptive statistics were used to interpret the results and describe the
behaviour of each racial and gender group contained in the sample. The data methods used were:
• Percentages
• The mean, mode and median
• Standard Deviation
The conclusions from the sample were used to generalize about the steel merchant population whilst research from recognized academics was utilized to authenticate and substantiate the research findings improving the accuracy and
reliability of the research.
The results of the study identified the following factors have contributed to the
merchant's inability to recruit and retain PDI at professionally qualified and
management levels:
• The Steel Merchant has a white male dominated organizational culture
and ineffective HRM strategies
• Black shareholders have contributed little towards previously disadvantaged development creating resentment by employees
• Employment Equity, Black Economic Empowerment and Affirmative action has created racial divides, a lack of trust and will negatively influence the
company's competitiveness internationally.
The research identified various problems that hinder the implementation of EE
and BEE policy at the steel merchant which makes it difficult to recruit and retain
talented PDI. The following recommendations have been made to minimize
resistance and integrate EE and BEE policies to improve recruitment and
retention in the organization:
• Define and communicate the BEE/EE vision and strategy
• Delayer hierarchal levels
• National Culture Training
• Implement Performance Management Systems
• lncentivize Knowledge Sharing
• Re-evaluate the recruitment policies
• Train, develop and mentor PDI
• Develop career paths and succession plans
• Create a leadership development program
• Create a shared understanding of EE
• Address white fears through empowerment
• Black shareholders should be actively involved with the development of PO employees
• Harness African culture to succeed internationally.
EE and BEE is obligatory and will inevitably influence the company's
performance. The Steel Merchant has the resources and capabilities to eliminate
resistance and implement effective HRM strategies to recruit and retain talented
POl in professional and management positions. By achieving this objective, the
company's Broad Based Black Employment Equity (BBBEE) rating will advance
resulting in a sustainable competitive advantage and more business opportunities in the future. / Graduate School of Business Leadership / M.B.A.
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Investigation of misrepresentation in tender documentsMynhardt, Armand Johann 11 1900 (has links)
Construction companies, in particular, abuse the objectives of BEE in order to secure multimillion-rand contracts. Misrepresentations, specifically to the Department of Public Works, are made in various forms and stages during the submission of tender documentation by contractors. The status of BEE company owners is abused in order to secure contracts. Apartheid in South Africa prevented black citizens from entering the corporate world and thereby attaining a quality education. The South African government has, since 1994, adopted the BEE policy in order to redress racial and economic imbalances of the past. Fronting (which is regarded as fraud) is detrimental to the objectives of BEE, which are governed by legislation. Fronting further negatively affects the transformation of the South African economy which could be globally competitive. Fraud detection and its investigation are two concepts which are closely linked to each other and are vitally important to any fraud investi-gator. / Police Practice / M. Tech. (Forensic Investigation)
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Accounting education : investigating the gap between school, university and practice / Henriette van RomburghVan Romburgh, Henriette January 2014 (has links)
Various studies have highlighted the problems faced in accounting education. Some of these
problems refer to the stagnating accounting curriculum, limited resources available to
students from designated black empowerment groups, and the underdevelopment of skills
required by practice. This study focuses specifically on the problems faced in secondary and
tertiary accounting education in South Africa (SA) and the effects of these problems on
practice.
The first article of this study emphasises the various causes for the declining pass rate in firstyear
chartered accountancy (CA) students. For this purpose, the researcher gathered
information on the perceptions of first-year CA students and of lecturers involved in
departments of accounting at SA universities. One of the possible causes identified is the
apparent gap between school and university accounting education, especially in respect of
curriculum, teaching quality and textbooks. The study revealed that students from designated
black empowerment groups are facing the most problems in SA accounting education.
The second article addressed the skills shortages in first-year CA trainees that practitioners
have to deal with. According to the results, the majority of the participants felt that
universities do not sufficiently equip students with the skills necessary to be successful in
practice. The skills shortages identified included the inability of first-year trainees to
determine the extent of testing needed in audits and to think independently. It also seemed as
if first-year trainees lack professional communication skills and cannot sufficiently apply theory learnt at university in practice. These are only some skills with which universities are
expected to equip students in order to be successful in practice.
The researcher drew conclusions and made recommendations based on the information
obtained from the above-mentioned two studies. / MCom (Accountancy), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014
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