The thesis aims at providing a viable scheme that understand and describe international waste trade in three stages. It links together theoretical background proposed by (1) ecosocialism, namely work John O'Connor, (2) World system theory and (3) state - capital nexus by van Apeldoorn, in order to provide a structured theoretical base for further research. To illustrate the scheme, there is a case study called Trafigura 2006 at the end of the thesis. Purpose of the case study is to go through three stages of the scheme and suggest an example of motivation, logic, status of actors involved and impacts of international waste trade.

In the globalized garment industry (GGI) most clothing is involved in complex networks that exploit both people and the environment. This system is unsustainable yet supported by Canadian consumers, who have become disconnected from their clothing’s production and disposal processes as a result of the development of increasingly complex social and technological systems since the Industrial Revolution. Canadians currently learn about the industry from public portrayals in which the dominant messages are designed by corporations promoting consumption. Nevertheless, growing numbers of consumers are realizing that this system is unsustainable and attempting to take action. This study uses methods based on institutional ethnography to explore the challenges faced by Canadians trying to engage in ethical consumption. Promoting sustainability is seen as requiring broad structural change, which can be supported by individual Canadians seeking to learn about the industry and working with its global stakeholders to build the civil commons.

In the globalized garment industry (GGI) most clothing is involved in complex networks that exploit both people and the environment. This system is unsustainable yet supported by Canadian consumers, who have become disconnected from their clothing’s production and disposal processes as a result of the development of increasingly complex social and technological systems since the Industrial Revolution. Canadians currently learn about the industry from public portrayals in which the dominant messages are designed by corporations promoting consumption. Nevertheless, growing numbers of consumers are realizing that this system is unsustainable and attempting to take action. This study uses methods based on institutional ethnography to explore the challenges faced by Canadians trying to engage in ethical consumption. Promoting sustainability is seen as requiring broad structural change, which can be supported by individual Canadians seeking to learn about the industry and working with its global stakeholders to build the civil commons.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T20:21:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Arlindo Manuel Esteves Rodrigues.pdf: 2499519 bytes, checksum: 67fdd69ebdf86f19551f2e7071cea125 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-06 / The thesis develops a study on Ecosocialism, a current of thought and socio-environmental action, and is mainly aimed to analyze the progress and challenges of international ecosocialism, deeper political parties of France and Brazil. Therefore, the thesis presents at first, the motivations for the concrete actions of eco-socialism. It discusses how is developing the socio-environmental crisis and risks for humanity. It then sets the various forms of social and environmental proposals to address the crisis, their differences and similarities. Then, it presents in more detail the form of thought and action of ecosocialist current and how it is present in the French party politics. Ecosocialism in Brazilian party politics is analyzed from the aspects of its history and perspectives. The survey results show that, despite its limitations, namely the resistance of the traditional left and the low electoral performance, current ecosocialists in French and Brazilian party politics have grown in internal debates and may progress to increase their interaction with social movements mainly awakening in them the awareness of ecological aspects often already present in its patterns / A tese desenvolve um estudo sobre Ecossocialismo, uma corrente de pensamento e ação socioambiental, e tem como objetivo central analisar os avanços e os desafios do ecossocialismo internacional, com mais profundidade nos partidos políticos da França e do Brasil. Para tanto, a tese apresenta, de início, as motivações para as ações concretas do ecossocialismo. Discute-se como está se desenvolvendo a crise socioambiental e os seus riscos para a humanidade. Em seguida, expõe as diversas formas de propostas socioambientais para enfrentar a crise, suas divergências e convergências. Posteriormente, apresenta mais detalhadamente a forma de pensamento e ação da corrente ecossocialista e como ela está presente na política partidária francesa. O ecossocialismo na política partidária brasileira é analisado sob os aspectos de sua história e perspectivas. Os resultados da pesquisa demonstram que, apesar de apresentar limitações, quais sejam as resistências da esquerda tradicional e o baixo desempenho eleitoral, as correntes ecossocialistas na política partidária francesa e brasileira têm crescido nos debates internos e podem evoluir ao aumentar sua interação com os movimentos sociais, principalmente despertando neles a consciência dos aspectos ecológicos, muitas vezes, já presentes nas suas pautas

Este trabalho fará uma sistematização de três esquemas analíticos voltados ao exame da crise ecológica gerada pelo atual sistema global de produção e consumo - a Economia Ecológica, a Economia Ambiental Neoclássica e o Marxismo Ecológico. Uma apresentação estruturada dos referidos conjuntos teóricos será exposta, à medida que se comparam as suas principais premissas, objetos de análise e lógica, prosseguindo para o exame das suas teorias do valor. Esta exposição pavimentará o caminho para uma análise dos conceitos de sustentabilidade adotados pela Economia Ambiental Neoclássica, pela Economia Ecológica e pelo Marxismo Ecológico. Assim, se buscará aferir a forma com que um conjunto de meta premissas opera a construção de um esquema teórico dedicado a analisar a crise ecológica, como ele se reflete na construção de uma teoria do valor, e, mais adiante, em como se traduz na sua própria concepção de sustentabilidade / This work will systematize three analytical schemes aimed at examining the ecological crisis generated by the current global production and consumption model - Ecological Economics, Neoclassical Environmental Economics and Ecological Marxism. A structured presentation of these theoretical sets will be exposed, as their main premises, objects of analysis and logic are compared, continuing to examine their theories of value. This exhibition will pave the way for an analysis of the concepts of sustainability adopted by Neoclassical Environmental Economics, Ecological Economics and Ecological Marxism. Thus, one will try to gauge how a set of meta premises operates the construction of a theoretical framework dedicated to analyzing the ecological crisis, as it is reflected in the construction of a value theory, and, later, how it translates into its own conception of sustainability

Este trabalho fará uma sistematização de três esquemas analíticos voltados ao exame da crise ecológica gerada pelo atual sistema global de produção e consumo - a Economia Ecológica, a Economia Ambiental Neoclássica e o Marxismo Ecológico. Uma apresentação estruturada dos referidos conjuntos teóricos será exposta, à medida que se comparam as suas principais premissas, objetos de análise e lógica, prosseguindo para o exame das suas teorias do valor. Esta exposição pavimentará o caminho para uma análise dos conceitos de sustentabilidade adotados pela Economia Ambiental Neoclássica, pela Economia Ecológica e pelo Marxismo Ecológico. Assim, se buscará aferir a forma com que um conjunto de meta premissas opera a construção de um esquema teórico dedicado a analisar a crise ecológica, como ele se reflete na construção de uma teoria do valor, e, mais adiante, em como se traduz na sua própria concepção de sustentabilidade / This work will systematize three analytical schemes aimed at examining the ecological crisis generated by the current global production and consumption model - Ecological Economics, Neoclassical Environmental Economics and Ecological Marxism. A structured presentation of these theoretical sets will be exposed, as their main premises, objects of analysis and logic are compared, continuing to examine their theories of value. This exhibition will pave the way for an analysis of the concepts of sustainability adopted by Neoclassical Environmental Economics, Ecological Economics and Ecological Marxism. Thus, one will try to gauge how a set of meta premises operates the construction of a theoretical framework dedicated to analyzing the ecological crisis, as it is reflected in the construction of a value theory, and, later, how it translates into its own conception of sustainability

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T14:55:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Arlindo Manuel Esteves Rodrigues.pdf: 2499519 bytes, checksum: 67fdd69ebdf86f19551f2e7071cea125 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-06 / The thesis develops a study on Ecosocialism, a current of thought and socio-environmental action, and is mainly aimed to analyze the progress and challenges of international ecosocialism, deeper political parties of France and Brazil. Therefore, the thesis presents at first, the motivations for the concrete actions of eco-socialism. It discusses how is developing the socio-environmental crisis and risks for humanity. It then sets the various forms of social and environmental proposals to address the crisis, their differences and similarities. Then, it presents in more detail the form of thought and action of ecosocialist current and how it is present in the French party politics. Ecosocialism in Brazilian party politics is analyzed from the aspects of its history and perspectives. The survey results show that, despite its limitations, namely the resistance of the traditional left and the low electoral performance, current ecosocialists in French and Brazilian party politics have grown in internal debates and may progress to increase their interaction with social movements mainly awakening in them the awareness of ecological aspects often already present in its patterns / A tese desenvolve um estudo sobre Ecossocialismo, uma corrente de pensamento e ação socioambiental, e tem como objetivo central analisar os avanços e os desafios do ecossocialismo internacional, com mais profundidade nos partidos políticos da França e do Brasil. Para tanto, a tese apresenta, de início, as motivações para as ações concretas do ecossocialismo. Discute-se como está se desenvolvendo a crise socioambiental e os seus riscos para a humanidade. Em seguida, expõe as diversas formas de propostas socioambientais para enfrentar a crise, suas divergências e convergências. Posteriormente, apresenta mais detalhadamente a forma de pensamento e ação da corrente ecossocialista e como ela está presente na política partidária francesa. O ecossocialismo na política partidária brasileira é analisado sob os aspectos de sua história e perspectivas. Os resultados da pesquisa demonstram que, apesar de apresentar limitações, quais sejam as resistências da esquerda tradicional e o baixo desempenho eleitoral, as correntes ecossocialistas na política partidária francesa e brasileira têm crescido nos debates internos e podem evoluir ao aumentar sua interação com os movimentos sociais, principalmente despertando neles a consciência dos aspectos ecológicos, muitas vezes, já presentes nas suas pautas

Discourse has the power to organize thought—and therefore, to limit imagination. The purpose of this project is to trace the contours of climate change discourse constructed by transnational fossil fuel corporations, to make visible the ideological barriers it creates to imagining post-capitalist alternatives. It is undertaken in the context of a well-established urgency for global collaboration to halt, mitigate, and adapt to the social, economic, and ecological impacts of climate change, and takes as its point of departure the fundamental link between ecological degradation and the capitalist mode of production (with its accompanying imperatives of accumulation and profit), as well as the necessity of counter-hegemonic praxis to pursuing system-transformative change on the scale required for humanity to negotiate the looming crisis in a just and ecologically viable way. Conceptualizing popular media as a discursive battleground in which the voices of corporations (through the evolving mediums of advertisement) are privileged, I employ critical discourse analysis to explore the framing of climate change messages by five major transnational oil and gas corporations, toward developing an analytical framework for the burgeoning climate change movement grounded at the intersection of global corporate capitalism and ecological degradation. Climate change messages included images, videos, and narratives intended for public consumption which spoke to the source, resolution, and/or future of human-induced and climate-related ecological problems. These were drawn from corporate websites, blogs, Facebook and Twitter feeds, and YouTube channels over the course of 2016. As action research, I have undertaken this project with the explicit aim of empowering climate movements – of which I count myself a part – to imagine alternative futures. To contribute to this aim, I have created a media literacy toolkit that links corporate climate change messages with the interests they represent to make visible the dynamics of power that mobilize those interests. / Graduate