Os Moche, cultura arqueológica existente na costa norte peruana entre os séculos I e VIII d.C, desenvolveram uma tradição ceramista de produção de vasos com pictografias de \"linha-fina\". Um motivo constante nos vasos de linha fina são o que o estudioso Cristopher Donnan chamou de \"localizadores\": determinadas plantas, animais e outros signos, como ondas, por exemplo, que serviriam como marcadores de paisagem, indicando o cenário onde a ação representada dos vasos estariam se dando. Porém, apesar de muito referidos os \"localizadores\" jamais foram objeto de um estudo sistemático. Este estudo busca mapear a flora nativa regional a fim de refinar as associações das espécies com a cerâmica e produzir olhar detalhado sobre função semântica da flora nas composições de linha fina Moche, aproximando os \"localizadores\" ao conceito de ecótopos, como \"tipos de lugares\" e \"unidades mínimas de paisagem\" como definido por Jhonson & Hunn (2010) / The Moche, an archaeological culture that existed on the north coast of Peru between the first and nineth centuries A.D, have developed a pottery tradition with \"fine-line\" pictographs. A constant motif in the fine line vessels is what the scholar Christopher Donnan has called \"locators\": certain plants, animals, and other signs, such as waves, for example, that would serve as markers of landscape, indicating the setting where the actionr represented on the vessels would be developing. However, although much referred, the \"locators\" have never been the subject of a systematic study. This study aims to map regional native flora in order to refine species associations with pottery and to produce a detailed look at the semantic function of the flora in the Moche fine line compositions, bringing the \"locators\" closer to the concept of ecotopes, such as \"types of places\" and \"Minimum landscape units\" as defined by Jhonson & Hunn (2010)

T. cruzi compreende populações heterogêneas classificadas nas linhagens TCI e TCIIa-e. Neste estudo, foi caracterizado um grande número de isolados de mamíferos e vetores silvestres de diversas origens geográficas, além de isolados humanos da Amazônia. Análises filogenéticas baseadas em SSU rDNA e Cyb foram utilizadas para inferir relações entre linhagens e padrões biogeográficos. Além de análises ITS1 rDNA e RAPD para detectar polimorfismo intraespecífico. TCIIa circula em primatas e é transmitida por Rhodnius, no ecótopo arbóreo da Amazônia brasileira ocasionalmente infectando o homem. TCI é mais prevalente em macacos e no homem na Amazônia onde pode causar doença severa, como demonstramos no Nordeste. No Brasil, morcegos são infectados por três espécies de tripanossomas, incluindo uma nova linhagem de T. cruzi (TCbat). Foram caracterizados T. rangeli de macacos e morcegos. A linhagem TCIIc possui ampla distribuição no Brasil, associada com mamíferos e triatomíneos terrestres. Isolados TCIIa dos USA pertencem a uma linhagem, aparentemente ausente no Brasil. / T. cruzi comprises highly heterogeneous populations classified as TCI and TCIIa-e lineages. This study characterized large wild mammal and vector strains of various geographical origins, and human isolates from Amazonia. Phylogenetic analysis using SSU rDNA and Cyb genes inferred relationships among lineages and their biogeographic patterns. ITS1 rDNA and RAPD detected intraspecific polymorphism. TCIIa circulates in primates in the Brazilian Amazon, transmitted by Rhodnius in arboreal ecotopes sporadically infecting humans. TCI is the most prevalent in the Amazonian primates and humans, and can induce severe Chagas disease as demonstrated in a patient from Northeast Brazil. Bats of several biomes were found infected by three trypanosome species, including a new lineage of T. cruzi denominated TCbat. Isolates from monkeys and bats were also molecularly characterized. The lineage TCIIc showed to be widespread in Brazil, and was associated to terrestrial mammals and triatomines. TCIIa from the USA corresponds to an independent lineage, probably absent in Brazil.

T. cruzi compreende populações heterogêneas classificadas nas linhagens TCI e TCIIa-e. Neste estudo, foi caracterizado um grande número de isolados de mamíferos e vetores silvestres de diversas origens geográficas, além de isolados humanos da Amazônia. Análises filogenéticas baseadas em SSU rDNA e Cyb foram utilizadas para inferir relações entre linhagens e padrões biogeográficos. Além de análises ITS1 rDNA e RAPD para detectar polimorfismo intraespecífico. TCIIa circula em primatas e é transmitida por Rhodnius, no ecótopo arbóreo da Amazônia brasileira ocasionalmente infectando o homem. TCI é mais prevalente em macacos e no homem na Amazônia onde pode causar doença severa, como demonstramos no Nordeste. No Brasil, morcegos são infectados por três espécies de tripanossomas, incluindo uma nova linhagem de T. cruzi (TCbat). Foram caracterizados T. rangeli de macacos e morcegos. A linhagem TCIIc possui ampla distribuição no Brasil, associada com mamíferos e triatomíneos terrestres. Isolados TCIIa dos USA pertencem a uma linhagem, aparentemente ausente no Brasil. / T. cruzi comprises highly heterogeneous populations classified as TCI and TCIIa-e lineages. This study characterized large wild mammal and vector strains of various geographical origins, and human isolates from Amazonia. Phylogenetic analysis using SSU rDNA and Cyb genes inferred relationships among lineages and their biogeographic patterns. ITS1 rDNA and RAPD detected intraspecific polymorphism. TCIIa circulates in primates in the Brazilian Amazon, transmitted by Rhodnius in arboreal ecotopes sporadically infecting humans. TCI is the most prevalent in the Amazonian primates and humans, and can induce severe Chagas disease as demonstrated in a patient from Northeast Brazil. Bats of several biomes were found infected by three trypanosome species, including a new lineage of T. cruzi denominated TCbat. Isolates from monkeys and bats were also molecularly characterized. The lineage TCIIc showed to be widespread in Brazil, and was associated to terrestrial mammals and triatomines. TCIIa from the USA corresponds to an independent lineage, probably absent in Brazil.

Работа посвящена характеристике и экологической оценке луговых сообществ зо-лоотвалов Верхнетагильской ГРЭС и Среднеуральской ГРЭС в сравнении с зональными сообществами района Верхнетагильского района. Приводится характеристика природных условий района работ, анализ флоры высших сосудистых растений, определение домина-тов в сообществах, характеристика запаса фитомассы, экологическая оценка местообита-ний по экологическим шкалам. В результате проделанной работы было определено, что на лугах золоотвалов Верхнетагильской ГРЭС встречается 67 вида травянистых растений, относящиеся к 17 семействам и 50 родам, на лугах Среднеуральской ГРЭС - 20 видов, от-носящихся к 11 семействам и 18 родам. Большинство из видов относятся к мезофитам. По ценотическому составу преобладают луговые растения. При сравнении продуктивности лугов золоотвалов и фоновой территории выявлено, что степень восстановления продук-тивности травянистых сообществ составляет около 23 %. Оценка неоэкотопов по экологи-чески шкалам показала, что луга золоотвалов относятся к сухолуговому интервалу шкалы увлажнения и довольно богатым почвам по шкале богатства почв, в то время как луга фо-новой территории относятся к влажнолуговому интервалу. / The work is devoted to the characterization and assessment of the ecological scales of meadow communities of ash dumps of the Verkhnetagilskaya SDPP, Sredneuralskaya SDPP and zonal communities of the Verkhnetagilskaya district. The characteristics of the natural conditions of the work area, the analysis of the flora of higher vascular plants, the determination of domi-nants in the communities, the characteristics of the phytomass reserve, the ecological assessment of habitats according to ecological scales are given. As a result of the work done, it was deter-mined that in the meadows of the ash dumps of the Verkhnetagilskaya SDPP there are 67 species of herbaceous plants belonging to 17 families and 50 genera, in the meadows of the Sredneu-ralskaya SDPP - 20 species belonging to 11 families and 18 genera. Most of the species are mes-ophytes. In terms of coenotic composition, meadow plants prevail. When comparing the produc-tivity of meadows of ash dumps and the background area, it was revealed that the degree of re-covery of productivity of herbaceous communities is about 23%. Evaluation of neo-ecotopes ac-cording to ecological scales showed that ash dump meadows belong to the dry meadow interval of the moistening scale and are rather rich in soils of the wealth of soils nitrogen, while the meadows of the background territory belong to the wet meadow interval.

Στην παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή εκθέτονται η χλωρίδα των Βαρδουσίων ορέων καθώς και τα δεδομένα που προκύπτουν από την διερεύνηση – ανάλυσή της. Στο πεδίο της βλάστησης (φυτοκοινωνιολογία), έχει επιβεβαιωθεί σχεδόν το σύνολο των προηγούμενων αναφορών και έχει συμπληρωθεί με νέα δεδομένα όσο αφορά τις φυτοκοινωνιολογικές ομαδοποιήσεις. Συγχρόνως δικαιολογήθηκε και εξηγήθηκε η ύπαρξη των φυτοκοινωνιολογικών μονάδων σε σχέση με το σύνολο των οικολογικών παραγόντων που ήταν δυνατό να ληφθούν υπόψη (μικροκλίμα, εδαφικοί παράγοντες, γεωλογικό - πετρολογικό υπόστρωμα), συμβάλλοντας έτσι στην συνοικολογική προσέγγιση του θέματος. Επίσης όπου ήταν δυνατό έγινε προσπάθεια να διερευνηθεί η δυναμική εξέλιξης των περισσότερων φυτοκοινωνιολογικών ομάδων, όπως αυτή διαμορφώνεται κάτω από την επίδραση των περιβαλλοντικών μεταβλητών. Πιο κάτω ακολουθεί μια συνοπτική περιγραφή των σημαντικότερων σημείων της διδακτορικής διατριβής, καθώς και τα συμπεράσματα που μπορούν να διατυπωθούν από τα αποτελέσματα της ερευνητικής αυτής προσπάθειας. / In the present doctoral thesis the flora of Mt. Vardousia, as well as the data that have resulted from its analysis are presented. From a vegetation (plant sociology) point of view, almost all the previous reports on the mountain have been confirmed and have been enriched with new data as far as phytosociological groups are concerned. Additionally, the existence of certain phytosociological units was justified and explained based on the ecological factors that were possible to be measured (microclimate, soil, geology, geological substrate), contributing in this way to the synecological approach of the subject. Also, where feasible, an effort was done to study the dynamics of succession of most of the phytosociological groups, as they depend on various environmental variables. A concise description of the most important points of the doctoral thesis, as well as the conclusions that can be extracted from the results of this research follow.