Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri--Rolla, 2007. / Vita. The entire thesis text is included in file. Title from title screen of thesis/dissertation PDF file (viewed November 26, 2007) Includes bibliographical references (p. 52-58).

Thesis (M.Ed.)--University of Hong Kong, 1981. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf 391-398). Also available in print.

Thesis (M. Ed.)--University of Hong Kong, 2006. / Title proper from title frame. Also available in printed format.

Thesis (M. Ed.)--University of Hong Kong, 2005. / Title proper from title frame. Also available in printed format.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hong Kong, 2007. / Title proper from title frame. Also available in printed format.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Nevada, Reno, 2005. / "Dec. 6, 2005." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 35-42). Online version available on the World Wide Web.

<p>Abstract</p><p> </p><p>This is a study about reward system, which essentially is a steering instrument that organizations can use in order to motivate the employees to work in the best interest for the organization, and hence the organization can affect the behavior of its employees. The purpose with this study is to see how companies in different sectors make use of a reward system in order to increase their effectiveness and efficiency. The aim is also to see to what extent organizations are linking the organizational goals with the individual goals that occur within an organization. A comparison between the sectors will be done in order to observe similarities as well as differences. As groundwork of this thesis theories regarding motivation and effectiveness and efficiency will be used. The research question is based on the purpose with this study and is stated as follows: <em>“</em><em>In what way are organizations using a reward system to motivate the employees to work in the best interest of the organization and reach organizational goals?”</em></p><p> </p><p>In order to answer our research question we have conducted a qualitative study. We have made two interviews with different companies within three different sectors, a total of six interviews. The sectors that we have chosen to focus on are the construction sector, the production sector and the service sector. The interviews were all face to face meetings in Umeå. The empirical findings have then been analysed by linking them to the theories used in our theoretical framework.</p><p> </p><p>The main conclusions we have made are that the construction sector follows traditions when it comes to a reward system. We could also see that companies within the service sector that provide their services to the construction sector are influenced by the construction companies in the way they make use of a reward system. These companies are focusing primarily on profitability and results when rewarding. Within the production sector the companies where working sufficient with the individual goals in order to stimulate motivation and in the end increase the effectiveness and efficiency. Based on our finding this is the sector that is working most satisfactorily with the individual goals that occur within an organization. Further, we could see dissimilarities between the two companies in the service sector, the way they make use of a reward system differs a lot, which we believe is based on the fact that one of the two companies did not have a lot of resources to put on rewards.</p><p> </p><p>Further we could conclude that the more developed reward system an organization has and considers it to be a steering instrument the more thoroughly developed will the groundwork for it be. Some similarities that we could see within all three sectors were that they all were using financial as well as non financial rewards and that the rewards were given to both individuals and to teams.</p><p> </p><p> </p><p><em></em></p><p><em> </em></p>

<p>Online advertising which is a new form of communication provides interactivity between advertisers and consumers.</p><p>This dissertation is focusing on how advertising management influence the effectiveness of online advertising.The theoretical framework of this study mainly contains the advertising management and effectiveness of effects model.These two models are combined together in an analytical model where a connection between the two theories is explained that will be used as a foundation in gathering and analyzing the empirical findings. The quatitative research strategy is appliedd in this dissertation. Based on the questionnaies of white-collar workers, the empirical data was collected.</p><p>The conclusion which can be drawn from this study is that there is clear evidence that good management will improve cognitive,affective and conative degree of consumer behavior.</p>

<p>Denna hermeneutiska studie är utförd på uppdrag av Gävle Hamn. Gävle kommun som ägare av Gävle Hamn via Gävle Stadshus har som målsättning att hamnen skall bli regionens logistiknav. De investeras i både infrastruktur och maskinpark, för att kunna expandera och göra det möjligt för hamnen att bli den tillväxtmotor i regionen som ägaren hoppas på.</p><p>Expansionen av Gävle hamn och dess verksamhet skall på sikt leda till att fler företag etablerar sig i Gävle hamn och i dess närliggande område. Det i sin tur kommer att medföra fler arbetstillfällen, kommuninvånare och företagsetableringar. Gävle kommuns tillväxtprogram har som målsättning att bli fem procent bättre år 2007 i förhållande till år 2004.</p><p>Faktorer som internationalisering av ekonomin med ökad globalisering av marknader, snabb teknologisk utveckling, ökad miljöhänsyn och en ständig strävan efter hållbar utvecklig, medför att många företag möter en ökad konkurrens, samtidigt som privatiseringar, avregleringar och minskade resursramar ställer hårdare ekonomiska krav på offentliga verksamheter. Stora förändringar av styrningen både av privata och offentliga verksamheter har genomförts, kostnadseffektivitet och hushållning av befintliga resurser är ett måste.</p><p>För Gävle hamn medför detta att man står inför en expansion och effektivisering av verksamheten för att kunna möta framtidens krav från en global marknad och inte minst från ägaren. För att kunna svara på frågan vilka effektiviseringar, styrande system och dokument internt i organisationen som behöver upprättas, krävs en nulägesanalys, vad som finns och en teoretisk referensram vad som bör finnas.</p><p>Nulägesanalysen grundar sig på tio kvalitativa forskningsintervjuer, som visar att Gävle hamn behöver standardisera och formalisera verksamheten, för att utnyttja sina resurser på ett bra sätt. Nulägesanalysen ger en helhetsbild av organisationen, vilket möjliggör att man kan identifiera de områden som fordrar extra uppmärksamhet i ett inledande skede. Ur analysen framkom fyra problemområden där åtgärder behövs.</p><p>Målformulering och strategi, den övergripande framtidsplanen behöver brytas ner till kortsiktiga mål som kan förmedlas och förankras hos medarbetarna.</p><p>Marknadsplan behöver upprättas för att få ett samlat grepp på marknadsföringen och en kortsiktig respektive långsiktig strategi och målsättning.</p><p>Ekonomi- och lönesystem, Gävle hamn behöver ett användarvänligt verktyg som underlättar och skapar kontroll på ekonomin.</p><p>Miljöcertifiering är en viktig fråga speciellt när debatten om miljön och växthuseffekterna blir allt intensivare.</p><p>Studien visar att teorin ofta beskriver den bästa av världar, som inte alltid speglar verkligheten. Den terminologi som är allmänt vedertagen i böckernas värld saknar många gånger en förankring i den dagliga verksamheten.</p> / <p>This hermeneutic study is performed on request by Gävle harbour. The owner of Gävle harbour is Gävle community by Gävle Stadshus and the goal is to create a logistic centre in the district of Gästrikland/Dalarna. To enable the district to be growing and increasing environment, large investments have been put into infrastructure and machinery.</p><p>The expansion of Gävle port and its business should in the future lead to that more companies will settle down in the port area and surroundings. That will increase the work opportunities, inhabitants and companies within the community. The goal of Gävle communities’ growth programme is to increase and be five percent better than the year 2004 within 2007.</p><p>Facts like internationalisation of the economies and increased globalisation of markets, fast technology development, increased act on environmental issues and strive against tenable development. Many companies meet an increased competition, at the same time privatisation, deregulation and decreased recourse frames gives hash financial demands on the public businesses. Large changes in controlling both private and public businesses have been performed, cost efficiency and housekeeping of existing resources is obligated.</p><p>Gävle port stands in front of an expansion and effectiveness of the business to be able to meet the demands of the future from a global market and the regional owner. To be able to answer the question what kind of effectiveness, ruling system and documents internal in the organization that should be maintained and established, there demands a present situation analyse. To receive the information what the company have and compare to the theories what they should have.</p><p>The present situation analyse is built on ten qualitative interviews and shows that Gävle port have to standardise and formalise the business to be able to use their resources on a cost efficient way. To get the overall picture of the organisation the present situations analyse shows the areas that needs extra attention in the beginning. Four problem areas can be identified during the analyse that needs to be dealt with.</p><p>Goal setting and strategy, the vision framtidsplan 2010 must be braked down in short and long term goals that can be mediated to the personnel.</p><p>Market plan must be created to enable to have strategy and short term and long term goals for the marketing actions.</p><p>Economy and salary system, Gävle harbour needs user friendly systems that can be helpful and gives control over the financial development.</p><p>Environmental certification is an important issue now when the debate about environment and global heating is very intensive.</p><p>The study shows that the theories often describe the best of worlds, but the reality usually shows a different side. Terminology used in theory books many times does not cooperate with the daily business and many times gives half the context.</p>

<p><strong> ABSTRACT</strong></p><p>The recent years mark the appearance of many Eco-label schemes in the attempt ofhelping consumer to recognize the products with less harm to the environment, forexample: Euro flower, Nordic swan, Blue Angle, Krav. These labels belong to the thirdparties, which get supports from government with object of achieving sustainabledevelopment. However there is still lacking a clear understanding about theeffectiveness of Eco-label in consumer consumption activities due to the lack ofresearch working on that field. We take this challenge as an opportunity to do the studyof investigating about the role of Eco-label in the process of leading consumers topurchase Eco-products. The research focuses on Swedish university students‘ choice onecological food.</p><p>A number of Swedish students in Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden are selected as thegroup of respondents for this study. In order to understand the effectiveness of Eco-labelin students‘ food products choice, four key factors are taken into account to invest igate:students‘ awareness on Eco-label, students‘ knowledge on Eco-label & ecological food,students‘ environment motivation, and the availability of ecological food & Eco-labelinformation. The demographic characters including gender and education backgroundsare known as the influence factors among these four factors.</p><p>The results proved the effectiveness of Eco-label as the guiding instrument for students‘product choice towards ecological food. It provided the evidence that three of these fourfactors above (accept the only one external factors: availability) can encourage students‘attention to Eco-label. In additional, student‘s attention to Eco-label can actually leadtheir purchase behavior on ecological food. With findings and recommendations, thestudy is expected to contribute to the field of ecological consumer behavior marketingresearch. However, the representative of the results is risky because of the limitedcontext and sample of the study.</p>