no / Formal modelling is essential for precisely defining, understanding and reasoning when designing complex systems, such as cyberphysical systems. In this paper we present a formal specification using Event-B and Rodin platform for a case study of a cruise control system for a hybrid propulsion vehicle and electric bicycle (e-Bike). Our work uses the EventB method, a formal approach for reliable systems specification and verification, being supported by the Rodin platform, based on theorem proving, allowing a stepwise specification process based on refinement. We also use, from the same platform, the ProB model checker for the verification of the B-Machine and iUML plug-in to visualize our model. This approach shows the benefits of using a formal modelling platform, in the context of cyberphysical systems, which provides multiple ways of analysing a system. / Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research, CNCS-UEFISCDI, project number PN-III-P4-ID-PCE-20160210.

While there has been considerable research regarding the role of Mobility Hubs in cities and transport networks, significant investment is required to develop these facilities. It is the correlation between investment, new users’ attraction and revenue generation that is the key for a sustainable development of Mobility Hubs and this investment must, therefore, be correctly assessed and targeted. This study aims to develop a methodology to determine the viability of investing in Mobility Hub features, weighing the investment on different Hub features and services against expected potential benefits and revenue generation, addressing the question: Can investment in Mobility Hub features be justified and, if so, which features maximize its expected positive impact? Based on a review of literature and definition of possible Hub features as variables, secondary research data was compiled to enable the analysis of expected impacts of each variable/feature in terms of new user’s attraction and revenue generation, which was then used to develop individual Net Present Value analysis of each feature. The result of these analysis demonstrates and concludes that different Hub features have the potential to generate substantially different investment outcomes, and that each feature should be analyzed individually prior to investment decision. It was also concluded by this research that the proposed assessment methodology can be used for future research on other listed Hub features, albeit with the constraint that primary data will be required when secondary research data is not available.

La idea de negocio nace con el fin de solucionar necesidades como el otorgar un medio de transporte que permita evitar aglomeraciones al trasladarte de un lugar a otro, sea por trabajo o por otro motivo. Es la mejor manera de ejercitar tu cuerpo y obtener un estilo de vida más saludable. Protegiendo el entorno al ser un medio de transporte que no afecta al medio ambiente al no emitir gases contaminantes y además es económico. Ahora, con la ayuda de la tecnología, puedes convertir tu bicicleta tradicional en una bicicleta eléctrica. De esta manera, podrás ahorrar mucho dinero antes de pensar en adquirir una bicicleta eléctrica. Nuestro mercado objetivo se encuentra entre las edades de 25 a 55 años y que pertenezcan al NSE A, B y C. RenoBike es un proyecto sostenible en el tiempo que además considera un valor agregado en postventa que permitirá mantenernos en contacto con nuestros clientes y fidelizarlos con más productos. Realizamos la validación del negocio con diversos métodos obteniendo como resultado de nuestro estudio, un mercado disponible que alcanza las 36,923 personas con un grado de conversión del 23%. Siendo conservadores ante el alto crecimiento que tiene el giro de negocio en ventas de bicicletas y bicicletas eléctricas en el año en curso. Podemos demostrar que con inversión inicial de S/ 89,862.00 podemos obtener muy buenos resultados y una rentabilidad que nos permitirá recuperar la inversión desde el primer año de actividades. / The business idea was born to solve needs such as providing a means of transport that allows you to avoid crowds when moving from one place to another, be it for work or for another reason. It is the best way to exercise your body and get a healthier lifestyle. Protecting the environment by being a means of transport that does not affect the environment by not emitting polluting gases and is also economical. Now, with the help of technology, you can turn your traditional bicycle into an electric bicycle. In this way, you can save a lot of money before thinking about buying an electric bicycle. Our target market is between the ages of 25 to 55 and belonging to the NSE A, B and C. RenoBike is a sustainable project over time that also considers an added value in after-sales that will allow us to keep in touch with our customers and retain them with more products. We carry out the validation of the business with various methods, obtaining because of our study, an available market that reaches 36,923 people with a conversion rate of 23%. Being conservative given the high growth that the business line has in sales of bicycles and electric bicycles in the current year. We can show that with an initial investment of S / 89,862.00 we can obtain very good results and a profitability that will allow us to recover the investment from the first year of activities. / Trabajo de investigación

This thesis deals with charging stations for electric bicycles powered by renewable energy. The aim of this work is to make a proposal for the hybrid charging stations for electric bicycles, which will work independently and, if necessary, will be backed up by a network. In this thesis is entered theoretical information on the issue of electric bicycles, the batteries, charging stations, the connectors of chargers, and photovoltaic systems. The practical part of this thesis is the basic design of the charging station and its design of the mathematical model of the individual parts in Simulink program, which are linked to the actual design of the charging station. In conclusion, this thesis deals with energy and economic analysis of the proposed system, therein included various methods of assessing investment recommendations of appropriate processing methods and overall assessment of the subject.