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by Chan Yuk Keung. / Bibliography: leaves 91-98 / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1983

Submitted in fulfilment for the requirements of the degree of Master of Technology: Business Administration in the Faculty of Management Sciences at the Durban University of Technology, 2009. / Competition is increasing as trading borders continue to widen in this global marketplace. As a result, South African organisations need to improve their efficiencies. The primary objective of the study was to examine the effectiveness of the Lean Enterprise Strategy (LES) at improving business efficiency, in the electrical pre-payment industry in KZN. Several underlying objectives which support the primary objective were examined and realtionships established. Two forms of empirical studies, observation and questionaire based, were used. These studies provided substantive findings which were analysed and interpreted. A positive relationship between the LES and business efficiency were established and the various underlying objectives addressed. Communication was found to be inadequate and highlighted. It was also found that there is a substantial delay in return on investments; therefore, sustainability should be targeted and the LES should have a continual re-cycling mechanism, which allows it not only to be sustainable, but also renewable.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-03T18:34:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Joao_Cursino_Neto.pdf: 2054291 bytes, checksum: 37acee8ed5ec3de1eaec9790e7b49216 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-09-26 / This study deals with the structure of the electric energy industry in Brazil starting with the privatization process that occurred in the second half of the 90's; it encloses the revision and systematization of the current legislation on the concessions in the sector. By means of bibliographical and documentary research it composes a revision of the Investment Theory and its relation with investment projects in Hydroelectric Energy Generation (HEG); taking into account the new conformation of the investors groups in the energy generation market. Through a quantitative and qualitative character research a case study of a medium sized HEG unit implementation was developed, detailing the phases, from the bidding to the investment consolidation, operational and financial results projections. From the analysis that includes pre-operational and operational phases, the budgetary deviation and its effects are shown according to the macroeconomic context that influence the capital cost (rate of return). As main results, we have observed the critical elements of technical (relevant), environmental and financial order; such results are discussed under the current regulatory conditions as the results of the governmental strategies (privatization of these enterprises) for the sector and, emphasizing the competences required by the investor groups in these enterprises. / Este estudo trata da estrutura da ind??stria de energia el??trica no Brasil a partir do processo de privatiza????o ocorrido na segunda metade da d??cada de 90; abrange a revis??o e sistematiza????o da legisla????o vigente sobre as concess??es no setor; mediante pesquisa documental e bibliogr??fica comp??e uma revis??o da Teoria de investimentos e sua rela????o com projetos de investimentos em Gera????o de Energia Hidrel??trica (GEH); levando em conta a nova conforma????o dos grupos de investidores no mercado de gera????o de energia; mediante pesquisa de car??ter quantitativo e qualitativo desenvolveu-se um estudo de caso de implanta????o de uma unidade de GEH de porte m??dio, detalhando-se as etapas, desde a licita????o ?? consolida????o do investimento, proje????es dos resultados operacionais e financeiros; a partir das an??lises que incluem as etapas pr?? e operacionais, demonstram-se os desvios or??ament??rios e seus efeitos, segundo contextos macroecon??micos que influenciam o custo do capital (taxa de retorno); como resultados principais, foram observados os elementos cr??ticos de ordem t??cnica (relevantes), ambientais e financeiros; tais resultados s??o discutidos sob as condicionantes regulat??rias vigentes como resultantes das estrat??gias governamentais (privatiza????o desses empreendimentos) para o setor e, relevando as compet??ncias requeridas pelos grupos de investidores nesses empreendimentos.

Submitted by Elba Lopes (elba.lopes@fecap.br) on 2016-01-27T13:10:55Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Joao_Cursino_Neto.pdf: 2054291 bytes, checksum: 37acee8ed5ec3de1eaec9790e7b49216 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-27T13:10:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Joao_Cursino_Neto.pdf: 2054291 bytes, checksum: 37acee8ed5ec3de1eaec9790e7b49216 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-09-26 / his study deals with the structure of the electric energy industry in Brazil starting with the privatization process that occurred in the second half of the 90's; it encloses the revision and systematization of the current legislation on the concessions in the sector. By means of bibliographical and documentary research it composes a revision of the Investment Theory and its relation with investment projects in Hydroelectric Energy Generation (HEG); taking into account the new conformation of the investors groups in the energy generation market. Through a quantitative and qualitative character research a case study of a medium sized HEG unit implementation was developed, detailing the phases, from the bidding to the investment consolidation, operational and financial results projections. From the analysis that includes pre-operational and operational phases, the budgetary deviation and its effects are shown according to the macroeconomic context that influence the capital cost (rate of return). As main results, we have observed the critical elements of technical (relevant), environmental and financial order; such results are discussed under the current regulatory conditions as the results of the governmental strategies (privatization of these enterprises) for the sector and, emphasizing the competences required by the investor groups in these enterprises. / Este estudo trata da estrutura da ind??stria de energia el??trica no Brasil a partir do processo de privatiza????o ocorrido na segunda metade da d??cada de 90; abrange a revis??o e sistematiza????o da legisla????o vigente sobre as concess??es no setor; mediante pesquisa documental e bibliogr??fica comp??e uma revis??o da Teoria de investimentos e sua rela????o com projetos de investimentos em Gera????o de Energia Hidrel??trica (GEH); levando em conta a nova conforma????o dos grupos de investidores no mercado de gera????o de energia; mediante pesquisa de car??ter quantitativo e qualitativo desenvolveu-se um estudo de caso de implanta????o de uma unidade de GEH de porte m??dio, detalhando-se as etapas, desde a licita????o ?? consolida????o do investimento, proje????es dos resultados operacionais e financeiros; a partir das an??lises que incluem as etapas pr?? e operacionais, demonstram-se os desvios or??ament??rios e seus efeitos, segundo contextos macroecon??micos que influenciam o custo do capital (taxa de retorno); como resultados principais, foram observados os elementos cr??ticos de ordem t??cnica (relevantes), ambientais e financeiros; tais resultados s??o discutidos sob as condicionantes regulat??rias vigentes como resultantes das estrat??gias governamentais (privatiza????o desses empreendimentos) para o setor e, relevando as compet??ncias requeridas pelos grupos de investidores nesses empreendimentos.

Firms face a big challenge in matching the supply of perishable goods with uncertain demand in real time. In practice, the traditional supply chain models are proved not efficiently enough to lower firms' risk exposure. The purpose of the dissertation is to provide the theoretical framework of roles of several stylized markets in firms' risk management. In particular, we explore the influence of the spot business-to-business exchange market, forward contract market and credit-default swap market respectively. The dissertation is divided into the following three chapters. In chapter 1, we show that when the exchange market lacks perfect liquidity, a firm's capital structure has a greater influence on its output-level decisions, then the market is perfectly liquid. The impact may be even greater than that without an exchange market. This is primarily because the introduction of the exchange market causes firms to act strategically in absence of perfect liquidity. In chapter 2, we study the essential relationship between producers' forward contracts and their supply strategies in business-to-business exchange market. Specifically, we focus on the application of the electricity power exchange market in the US. Our model reveals that the strategic incentive makes producers to join in forward contract market voluntarily and increases social welfare. We show in chapter 1 that even when firms' risks are independent of each other, there is a chance that the realization of market uncertainty turns out to be the same. As a result, there is no exchange market as a platform to help firms hedge their risks. Therefore, we need other instruments in firms' risk management portfolio. In chapter 3, we propose a financial market, credit-default swap market, in which firm s can temporarily transfer default risks to outside investors. However, the "lemon" problem may cause social cost.

Submitted in fulfilment for the requirements of the degree of Master of Technology: Business Administration in the Faculty of Management Sciences at the Durban University of Technology, 2009. / Competition is increasing as trading borders continue to widen in this global marketplace. As a result, South African organisations need to improve their efficiencies. The primary objective of the study was to examine the effectiveness of the Lean Enterprise Strategy (LES) at improving business efficiency, in the electrical pre-payment industry in KZN. Several underlying objectives which support the primary objective were examined and realtionships established. Two forms of empirical studies, observation and questionaire based, were used. These studies provided substantive findings which were analysed and interpreted. A positive relationship between the LES and business efficiency were established and the various underlying objectives addressed. Communication was found to be inadequate and highlighted. It was also found that there is a substantial delay in return on investments; therefore, sustainability should be targeted and the LES should have a continual re-cycling mechanism, which allows it not only to be sustainable, but also renewable.

Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2002. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The energy sector of the South African economy is poised to change in extraordinary ways. In just a few short years from now, the days will be gone when generators are guaranteed of their income and where regional distributors have the monopoly in the regions that they are servicing. Other energy markets in the world, such as oil and gas, have been free of regulation for many years. More recently, local policymakers have been focussing on increasing competition in the electricity sector and in so doing, liberate electric utilities from government's long established control. The shift away from government regulation of energy will lead to something even more important than placing downward pressure on the price of a MWh. It will instigate the development of multiple trading centres and platforms that are dedicated to competition in the free trade of electricity and related products. With the deregulation of the electricity supply industry and the inevitable introduction of competition, the real risks of energy trading will be faced by generators and distributors alike. This research investigates the changes that are set to occur within the next few years, based on developments that have unfolded in countries where electricity supply industries have been privatised and utilities and distributors are managing their risks in this new competitive environment. It explains how the South African Electricity Supply Industry may change with respect to the develop of markets which provide risk cover to industry players, the practices assumed by utilities in international electricity supply industries to minimise their risk exposure, and how industry players can use derivative instruments to manage their risks better. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die elektrisiteitsvoorsieningssektor is gereed om groot veranderings te maak. Binne 'n paar jaar, sal ons die einde sien van die dae waar kragstasies gewaarborg is van hulle inkomste en waar streeksvoorsieners die monopolie het in die streke waarin hulle verskaf. Ander energie markte in die wêreld, soos die van olie en natuurlike gas, is al sonder regulering vir baie jare. Meer onlangs het beleidsrade hul tyd toegewy aan die instelling van kompetisie in die elektrisiteitsvoorsieningssektor om utiliteitsmaatskappye vry te maak van staatsbeheer. Hierdie beweging weg van staatsbeheer sal lei na iets meer as net die afwaardse druk op die prys van 'n MWh. Dit sal die begin merk van die ontwikkeling van veelvoudige verhoë wat toegewyd is aan kompetisie in die vrye handel van elektrisiteit en soortgelyke produkte. Met die deregulering en die onvermydelike indiening van kompetisie, sal die ware risikos van energie handel aanvaar word deur voortbrengers en verskaffers van elektrisiteit. Hierdie navorsing stel ondersoek in die veranderings wat van plan is om te gebeur in die volgende paar jaar en is gebaseer op die ontwikkelinge wat in lande afgespeel het waar elektrisiteitsvoorsieningsnywerhede geprivatiseer is en waar voortbrengers en verskaffers van elektrisiteit hulle risikos bestuur in hierdie nuwe mededingende sektor. Dit verduidelik hoe die Suid-Afrikaanse elektrisiteitsvoorsieningsnywerheid mag verander teen opsigte van die ontwikkeling van markte wat risiko versekering aanbied vir utiliteitsmaatskappye, die praktyke wat deur hierdie spelers toegepas word om hulle blootstelling aan risikos te verminder, en ook hoe hulle afgeleide instrumente gebruik om hulle risikos beter te bestuur.

published_or_final_version / Environmental Management / Master / Master of Science in Environmental Management