O presente trabalho tem como proposição investigar a hipótese de que a diminuição da tensão superficial do líquido favorece o comportamento reológico de suspensões concentradas, uma vez que as partículas estão mais próximas e a contribuição da força de capilaridade possivelmente aumenta. Como suspensões concentradas tendem ao comportamento viscoelástico, investigou-se métodos reológicos propícios para analisar possíveis consequências devido à alteração da tensão superficial da água. Foram utilizados dois carbonatos de cálcio equivalentes (P1 e P5) que se diferenciam pela distribuição granulométrica. Utilizou-se dois dispersantes de mercado e etilenoglicol como modificadores de tensão superficial. A análise de superfície pelo ensaio de potencial zeta, revelou carga superficial positiva. Embora os pós sejam equivalentes, a mobilidade eletroforética do P5 é menor. Verificou-se que o íon cálcio é determinante do potencial. Verificou-se contribuição eletrostática apenas dos dispersantes. O ensaio de gota pendente constatou diminuição da tensão superficial da água com os três aditivos. Ensaios de ascensão capilar pelo método de Washburn revelaram maiores ângulos de contato para ensaios com aditivos, sendo menor para P5. Avaliou-se geometrias e métodos reológicos a fim de selecionar bom conjunto para medidas de viscoelasticidade, sendo oscilatório de tensão e geometria vane escolhidos. O acréscimo dos dispersantes resultou em menores valores de G\' e tensões de escoamento, enquanto o etilenoglicol resultou em maiores. Não há relação clara entre valores calculados de ângulo de contato e mobilidade eletroforética. Os ensaio reológicos e de mobilidade relacionaram-se apenas para os dispersantes. A hipótese foi verificada pelos valores de tensão de escoamento e IPS. Para os dispersantes, foi possível observar comportamento próximo à hipótese, quanto menor foi a tensão superficial do líquido, menores valores de tensão para menores IPS. Explorou-se também a hipótese pelos ensaios de ângulo de contato, observou-se novamente curva próxima a hipótese. Embora necessidade de mais ensaios, o presente trabalho contribuiu para metodologia de exploração de características de superfície, dispersão e reológicas de suspensões concentradas. / The proposition of the present work is to investigate the hypothesis that the reduction of the surface tension of the liquid favors the rheological behavior of concentrated suspensions, since the particles are closer and the contribution of capillarity forces possibly increases. As concentrated suspensions tend to viscoelastic behavior, rheological methods were examined to analyze possible consequences due to changes of surface tension of the water. Two equivalent calcium carbonates (P1 and P5) were used and differ by particle-size distribution. Two market dispersants and ethylene glycol were used as surfactant. Surface analysis by the zeta potential test revealed positive surface charge and, although the powders are equivalent, the electrophoretic mobility of P5 is lower. The reults show that calcium is potential determining ion. Electrostatic contribution was found only for the dispersants. Pendant drop test showed a decrease in the surface tension of the water with the three additives. Washburn capillary rise technique estimated greater contact angles for tests with additives and lower ones for P5. Rheological geometries and methods were evaluated in order to select good set for viscoelasticity measurements, choosing oscillatory stress sweep and vane geometry. The addition of the dispersants resulted in lower values G \'and yield stress, while ethylene glycol resulted in higher values. There is no clear relation between contact angle and electrophoretic mobility. The rheological and eletrophoretic mobility showed relation only for dispersants. The hypothesis was verified by the values yield stress and IPS. For the dispersants, it was possible to observe behavior close to the hypothesis, the lower the surface tension of the liquid, the lower the yield stress for lower IPS. The hypothesis was also explored by the contact angle tests, a curve next to the hypothesis was observed again. Although the need for more tests, the present work contributed to the methodology of exploration of surface characteristics, dispersion and rheological characteristics of concentrated suspensions.

Dans le secteur aéronautique en pleine expansion, les préoccupations environnementales prennent une place de plus en plus importante. Les motoristes recherchent des solutions innovantes pour augmenter les rendements tout en diminuant les coûts. Dans cette perspective, de nouveaux systèmes de barrières thermiques synthétisés par la voie sol-gel à partir de poudres commerciales, de céramiques avec différents facteurs de forme et d'agents porogènes ont été mis en œuvre et évalués. Certains systèmes présentent une durée de vie de plus de 1000 cycles en oxydation cyclique. Malgré tout, cet accroissement des températures de fonctionnement des moteurs, induit une élévation des températures de surfaces des barrières thermiques et peut générer de nouvelles dégradations du système complet : la corrosion à hautes températures par les CMAS. Pour pallier ces inconvénients, il est possible de développer des revêtements anti-CMAS, susceptibles de réagir avec les composés CMAS avant qu'ils n'aient un effet néfaste sur l'intégrité de la barrière thermique. Dans cette étude, nous nous sommes intéressés particulièrement aux revêtements sacrificiels anti-CMAS à base d'yttrine et de systèmes pyrochlore, qui ont été testés sur des barrières thermiques industrielles de type EBPVD. Par ailleurs, les procédés que nous avons développés, basés sur la voie sol-gel, nous permettent, de par leur facilité de mise en œuvre, d'envisager des perspectives prometteuses en termes de réparabilité des barrières thermiques endommagées. En effet, compte tenu du coût élevé de fabrication des pièces, les aubes devraient être réparées plusieurs fois avant d'être mises au rebut. Dans ce travail, un procédé de mise en forme a été évalué dans ce sens. Il s'agit de l'électrophorèse qui est une technique bien adaptée au dépôt sur pièces complexes. L'objectif de ces investigations a donc été double : tout d'abord créer de nouveaux systèmes de barrières thermiques avec des propriétés anti-CMAS par électrophorèse puis réparer les barrières thermiques EBPVD endommagées et leur déposer une couche protectrice anti-CMAS par ce même procédé. Cet aspect " procédé " sera abordé en dernière partie de ces travaux. / In the aeronautics sector, environmental concerns are becoming increasingly important. Engine manufacturers are looking for innovative solutions to increase efficiency while lowering costs. The objective is to optimize thermal conductivity and durability with the cyclic oxidation resistance. In this perspective, new thermal barrier systems synthesized by the sol-gel route from commercial powders, ceramics with various form factors and pore-forming agents have been implemented and evaluated. Some systems are a lifetime higher than 1000 cycles in cyclic oxidation. However, this increase in the operating temperatures of the engines induces an increase in the temperature of the surfaces of the thermal barriers and can generate further degradations of the complete system: the corrosion by CMAS. To overcome these disadvantages, it is possible to develop anti-CMAS coatings capable of reacting with CMAS compounds before they have a detrimental effect on the integrity of the thermal barrier. In this study, we were particularly interested in anti-CMAS protective coatings based on yttria and pyrochlore systems, which were tested on industrial thermal barriers realized by EBPVD. Moreover, the processes we have developed, based on the sol-gel path, allow us, because of their ease of implementation, to envisage promising prospects in terms of repair of damaged thermal barriers. Indeed, given the high cost of manufacturing parts, the blades should be repaired several times before being discarded. In this work, a shaping process has been evaluated in this direction. This is electrophoretic deposition which is a technique allowing to deposit on complex parts. The objective of these investigations was therefore twofold: firstly to create new thermal barrier systems with anti-CMAS properties by electrophoretic deposition and then to repair the damaged EBPVD thermal barriers and to deposit an anti-CMAS protective layer by this same process. This "process" aspect will be discussed at the end of this work.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O objetivo do presente trabalho foi estudar o comportamento dos potenciais superficiais e do perfil de potencial atraves da membrana de eritr ocito em func ao da forca i onica e das cargas superficiais, usando um modelo que leva em conta as cargas el etricas do glicoc alix e das proteınas citoplasm aticas, al em das cargas superficiais da bicamada lipıdica e os efeitos dos eletr olitos divalentes. Programas especıficos em linguagem C foram elaborados para o c alculo desses potenciais, tomando como dados num ericos resultados experimentais de medidas de mobilidade eletrofor etica de eritr ocitos para diferentes valores de forca i onica. Neste c alculo, o metodo para tratamento dos dados eletrofor eticos indicado por Hsu et al.[57] foi incluıdo em nosso modelo. A equac ao de Poisson-Boltzmann nao linear foi resolvida por computac ao num erica, usando o metodo de Runge-Kutta de quarta ordem, obtendo-se os perfis de potencial. Os resultados mostraram que a estimativa da densidade de carga el etrica na superfıcie de c elulas usando a equac ao cl assica de Helmholtz-Smoluchowski conduz a valores que nao conseguem refletir as forcas que regem o comportamento eletrofor etico das mesmas. O presente modelo gerou valores de potenciais superficiais e perfis de potencial para a membrana do eritr ocito bem distintos daqueles obtidos anteriormente para um modelo descrito por uma equac ao de Poisson-Boltzmann linear. Nossos resultados confirmam que a avaliac ao de parametros el etricos superficiais da membrana de eritr ocito, envolvendo dados oriundos de eletroforese, deve incluir c alculos hidrodin amicos al em de eletroest aticos, como sugerido por Hsu et al. [57]. / The aim of present work was to study the behavior of the surface potentials and the potential profile across erythrocyte membrane in function of ionic strength and surface charge, using a model which takes into account electrical charges on glycocalyx and citoplasmatic proteins, in addition surface charges on lipid bylayer and effects due to mono and divalent electrolytes. Programs in C language were build to estimate the surface potentials, and experimental values of electrophoretic mobilities of erythrocytes for different ionic strength were applied. For this calculation, the method indicated by Hsu et al. [57] for treating electrophoretic data was included in our model. The non linear Poisson-Boltzmann equation was solved by numerical computation, using the forth order Range-Kutta method, to give the potential profiles. Results showed that values of electric charge on cellular surface obtained by applying the classical Helmholtz-Smoluchowski equation were not able to represent the forces involved in the electrophoretic behavior of cells. The present model generate values for surface potentials and potential profiles different from those obtained in previous work for a model described by linear Poisson- Boltzmann equation. According to our results, the estimation of surface electric parameters for the erythrocyte membrane from electrophoretic data must ese hydrodynamics and electrostatics calculations, as suggested by Hsu et al. [57]

This thesis studies the formation of mobile and surface-bound electric charges in nonpolar liquids. Unlike aqueous media with their natural abundance of charged species, liquids of low dielectric constant do not readily accommodate charges, but can do so in the presence of certain surfactant additives. Surfactant-mediated charging in nonpolar oils has long been exploited industrially, but the underlying charging mechanisms are far from understood. The present work seeks clarification by comparing the effect of ionic and nonionic surfactants on the conductivity of nonpolar solutions and the electrophoretically observable surface charge of suspended polymer particles. Both types of surfactant are found to generate mobile ions in solution as well as particle charge; and in the more surprising case of nonionic surfactants, the occurrence of particle charge and screening ions is confirmed independently by measurements of the electrostatic particle interaction energy. A systematic variation of the particle material and functionalization, the residual water content, and the surfactant concentration above and below the critical micelle concentration provides insights about the possible charging pathways. Reverse surfactant micelles are explored not only as charging agents, but also as reactors and templates for the synthesis of novel nanogels with promise for drug delivery. Synthesis via copper-free Click chemistry is shown to allow for better control of the particle size than a more conventional polymerization scheme, while avoiding metal catalysts and free radicals that are considered hazardous for most biomedical applications.

No description available.

NMR experiments performed under the effect of electric fields, either continuous or pulsed, can provide quantitative parameters related to ion association and ion transport in solution.  Electrophoretic NMR (eNMR) is based on a diffusion pulse-sequence with electric fields applied in the form of pulses. Magnetic field gradients enable the measurement of the electrophoretic mobility of charged species, a parameter that can be related to ionic association. The effective charge of the tetramethylammonium cation ion in water, dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO), acetonitrile, methanol and ethanol was estimated by eNMR and diffusion measurements and compared to the value predicted by the Debye-Hückel-Onsager limiting law. The difference between the predicted and measured effective charge was attributed to ion pairing which was found to be especially significant in ethanol. The association of a large set of cations to polyethylene oxide (PEO) in methanol, through the ion-dipole interaction, was quantified by eNMR. The trends found were in good agreement with the scarce data from other methods. Significant association was found for cations that have a surface charge density below a critical value. For short PEO chains, the charge per monomer was found to be significantly higher than for longer PEO chains when binding to the same cations. This was attributed to the high entropy cost required to rearrange a long chain in order to optimize the ion-dipole interactions with the cations. Moreover, it was suggested that short PEO chains may exhibit distinct binding modes in the presence of different cations, as supported by diffusion measurements, relaxation measurements and chemical shift data. The protonation state of a uranium (VI)-adenosine monophosphate (AMP) complex in aqueous solution was measured by eNMR in the alkaline pH range. The question whether or not specific oxygens in the ligand were protonated was resolved by considering the possible association of other species present in the solution to the complex. The methodology of eNMR was developed through the introduction of a new pulse-sequence which suppresses artifactual flow effects in highly conductive samples. In another experimental setup, using NMR imaging, a constant current was applied to a lithium ion (Li ion) battery model. Here, 7Li spin-echo imaging was used to probe the spin density in the electrolyte and thus visualize the development of Li+ concentration gradients. The Li+ transport number and salt diffusivity were obtained within an electrochemical transport model. The parameters obtained were in good agreement with data for similar electrolytes. The use of an alternative imaging method based on CTI (Constant Time Imaging) was explored and implemented. / <p>QC 20140825</p>

abstract: How water behaves at interfaces is relevant to many scientific and technological applications; however, many subtle phenomena are unknown in aqueous solutions. In this work, interfacial structural transition in hydration shells of a polarizable solute at critical polarizabilities is discovered. The transition is manifested in maximum water response, the reorientation of the water dipoles at the interface, and an increase in the density of dangling OH bonds. This work also addresses the role of polarizability of the active site of proteins in biological catalytic reactions. For proteins, the hydration shell becomes very heterogeneous and involves a relatively large number of water molecules. The molecular dynamics simulations show that the polarizability, along with the atomic charge distribution, needs to be a part of the picture describing how enzymes work. Non Gaussian dynamics in time-resolved linear and nonlinear (correlation) 2D spectra are also analyzed. Additionally, a theoretical formalism is presented to show that when preferential orientations of water dipoles exist at the interface, electrophoretic charges can be produced without free charge carriers, i.e., neutral solutes can move in a constant electric field due to the divergence of polarization at the interface. Furthermore, the concept of interface susceptibility is introduced. It involves the fluctuations of the surface charge density caused by thermal motion and its correlation over the characteristic correlation length with the fluctuations of the solvent charge density. Solvation free energy and interface dielectric constant are formulated accordingly. Unlike previous approaches, the solvation free energy scales quite well in a broad range of ion sizes, namely in the range of 2-14 A° . Interface dielectric constant is defined such that the boundary conditions in the Laplace equation describing a micro- or mesoscopic interface are satisfied. The effective dielectric constant of interfacial water is found to be significantly lower than its bulk value. Molecular dynamics simulation results show that the interface dielectric constant for a TIP3P water model changes from nine to four when the effective solute radius is increased from 5 A° to 18 A° . The small value of the interface dielectric constant of water has potentially dramatic consequences for hydration. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Chemistry 2016

Grâce à son faible coût, sa grande résolution et son absence d’effet ionisant, l’imagerie ultrasonore haute fréquence est devenue une technique usuelle pour les applications médicales telles que l’imagerie de l’œil, de la peau ou du petit animal. Cette méthode repose sur la capacité de matériaux piézoélectriques à créer des ondes acoustiques hautes fréquences dans les tissus à explorer. Les dispositifs qui opèrent ces conversions électromécaniques sont appelés transducteurs ultrasonores et doivent délivrer des fréquences de résonance de plus de 20 MHz, nécessitant l’intégration des films piézoélectriques ayant une épaisseur de quelques dizaines de micromètres. La fabrication de tels matériaux pour les transducteurs mono- et multi-éléments est toujours difficile suivant les procédés choisis. Dans ce manuscrit, le procédé de dépôt par électrophorèse a été étudié. Il permet le dépôt de films épais sur de nombreux substrats de formes complexes en vue de la fabrication de transducteurs hautes fréquences. Dans cette thèse, il est clairement montré que l’électrophorèse est un procédé simple prometteur et performant pour préparer des films épais homogènes sans défaut avec des propriétés fonctionnelles élevées pour la réalisation de transducteurs hautes fréquences (40 MHz). / Thanks to its relatively low cost, high resolution and absence of ionizing radiations, high frequency ultrasonic imaging is becoming a popular technique for medical applications such as eyes, skin or small animal. It relies on the ability of piezoelectric materials to generate high frequency ultrasonic waves in the scanned media. Ultrasonic transducers are used to perform these electromechanical conversions and operated at resonant frequencies over 20 MHz. For this, piezoelectric layers of few tens of micrometers thick are required. Such thicknesses for single element transducers, and even more for multi-element transducers, is difficult to deliver due to limitations of current fabrication process. In the present dissertation we addressed the electrophoretic deposition (EPD) technique that enables deposition of piezoelectric thick films on various complex-shaped substrates. A procedure to prepare high frequency transducers by EPD was developed. In the dissertation it was demonstrated that EPD is a promising process to prepare homogeneous thick-film structures without significant defects. The procedure allowed obtaining high electromechanical performance transducers using a simple and low cost process.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:35:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 6352723 bytes, checksum: a4c7f969c677c4ff29babce9dae7052c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-07-13 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / In this study, films of carbon nanotubes (CNT) on substrates of stainless steel, aluminum, silicon and Nafion® were prepared using the technique of Electrophoretic Deposition (EPD). The films produced were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). In all deposition experiments, the higher the applied potential, the higher was the deposition rate. Concomitantly to the EPD occurred electrolysis of the solvent, generating a significant electric current through the cell and gas bubbles on the surfaces of the electrodes. The depositions was only possible with potential higher than 20V. In experiments using only pure solvent and working electrode with carbon nanotubes deposited, the measured values of the density of electric current was always higher than the values measured using the electrode without CNT deposited, showing that the addition of CNT on the surface substantially increases the effective reactivity of such electrodes. The images of SEM showed that EPD in suspensions of functionalized CNT in water, on stainless steel and Nafion®, produced uniform, homogeneous and compact CNT films and that the carbon nanotubes deposited are long, up to about 5 &#956;m in length. During the electrophoretic deposition on stainless steel, in suspensions prepared with material the "as grown" in acetone, the measured electric current grows with increasing concentration of iodine additioned in the suspension. When the concentration of iodine was less than or equal to 0,5 mg/ml the deposit was not homogeneous. In EPD in suspensions of non-functionalized CNT dispersed in DMF steel, aluminum and silicon were used as substrates. In this type of suspension, the absolute values of the initial electric current and the electric current of saturation were higher than the values observed in tests in acetone. One explanation for this would be the difference in the amount of water dissolved in the two solvents. The characterization by SEM showed that, in this type of suspension in DMF, carbon nanotubes films produced are also uniform and homogeneous, but less compact than the films produced with the functionalized nanotubes. The non-functionalized CNT are much longer that the functionalized, reaching about 60 &#956;m in length, which can hinder compaction of the film. Probably, these carbon nanotubes are longer because they have not suffered chemical attacks used in the purification and functionalization processes. / Neste trabalho, foram preparados filmes de Nanotubos de Carbono (CNT Carbon Nanotubes) sobre substratos de aço inox, alumínio, Nafion® e silício utilizando a técnica de Deposição Eletroforética (EPD Electrophoretic Deposition). Os filmes produzidos foram caracterizados através de Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura (MEV). Em todas as deposições realizadas, quanto maior o potencial aplicado, maior foi a taxa de deposição. Concomitante às EPD s ocorreu a eletrólise do solvente, gerando uma corrente significativa através da célula e bolhas de gás sobre as superfícies dos eletrodos. Só foi possível deposições com potenciais acima de 20 V. Nos experimentos empregando-se somente solvente puro e utilizando-se o eletrodo de trabalho com nanotubos de carbono depositados, os valores de corrente medidos foram sempre mais elevados que os medidos utilizando-se o eletrodo sem CNT depositado, demonstrando que a adição de CNT à superfície aumenta substancialmente a reatividade efetiva de tais eletrodos. As imagens de MEV mostraram que as EPD s em suspensões de CNT s funcionalizados em água, sobre aço inox e Nafion®, produziram filmes de CNT s uniformes, homogêneos e compactos e que os CNT s depositados são longos, podendo atingir cerca de 5 &#956;m de comprimento. Durante as deposições eletroforéticas sobre aço inox, em suspensões preparadas com material as grown em acetona, as correntes medidas através da célula crescem com o aumento da concentração de iodo adicionada à suspensão. Quando a concentração de iodo foi igual ou inferior a 0,5 mg/ml o depósito produzido não foi homogêneo. Nas EPD s em suspensão de CNT s não-funcionalizado dispersos em DMF utilizou-se o aço inox, alumínio e silício como substratos. Neste tipo de suspensão, os valores absolutos da corrente inicial e de saturação foram mais elevados que os observados nos ensaios em acetona. Uma explicação para este fato seria a diferença de quantidade de água dissolvida nos dois solventes. A caracterização via MEV mostrou que neste tipo de suspensão em DMF os filmes de nanotubos de carbono produzidos via EPD são igualmente uniformes e homogêneos, porém, menos compactos que os filmes produzidos com os nanotubos funcionalizados. Os CNT s não-funcionalizados são muito mais longos que os funcionalizados, podendo atingir cerca de 60 &#956;m de comprimento, o que pode dificultar a compactação do filme. Provavelmente, esses nanotubos de carbono são mais longos porque não sofreram ataques químicos utilizados no processo de purificação e funcionalização.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:35:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 2858066 bytes, checksum: b1315725ad9f478fd13a35031320a1e5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-07-30 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Carbon nanotubes (CNT-carbon nanotubes) are materials, which physical properties are quite singular and have been extensively studied. The CNT can be used for the production of catalysts, supercapacitors, gas sensors and biological sensors. Among the interesting properties of carbon nanotubes, can be highlighted the electrical behavior that can vary from a metallic conductor to a semiconductor. This work study the effects on electrochemical properties (reactivity and electrochemical capacitance) of films of CNT when they are deposited on different substrates. The effects of functionalization on these properties and deposition of cobalt nanoparticles on carbon nanotubes are also presented. Studies were made of the electrochemical properties of carbon nanotube films prepared by electrophoretic deposition on substrates of graphite and silicon. The reactivity and electrochemical capacitance of the electrodes were determined before and after deposition of films of CNT to determine the effect of CNT on these properties. We investigated the effect of functionalization on the electrochemical capacitance of the films of CNT determining the functionalization before and after depositon. To determine the reactivity of the electrochemical capacitance and the effect of functionalization, we used a technique of cyclic voltammetry. The voltammetries were performed using potentials such that the process is faradaic for measures of reactivity and is not faradaic for capacitance measurements. There was a significant increase in reactivity and electrochemical capacitance of the samples after the deposition of films of carbon nanotubes. About twice for the capacitance and up to five times for the reactivity. There was also an increase of up to five times the capacitance of the samples with the electrochemical functionalization of the films. Although the deposition of CNT increases the reactivity of the sample, it growns to a certain extent with the increase of film thickness and then begins to fall. It seems to be a maximum of increase in reactivity with the addition of nanotubes in the film. On the other hand, the electrochemical capacitance increases with the addition of the film of nanotubes, but does not seem to vary with film thickness. Functionalization is the electrochemical capacitance of the film to increases as a function of functionalization time. It will be also presented in this text a study about the effects of cobalt nanoparticles electrodeposition in carbon nanotubes on supported substrates. Deposited nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The electrodeposition of cobalt nanoparticles was achieved on silicon substrates using carbon nanotubes supported without functionalization. It is believed that the deposition did not occur when the process of functionalization was made due to the formation of oxides on the silicon surface. Which can damage the electrical contact with these nanotubes. In an attempt to do deposition on graphite, only deposits of particles on the order of micrometers were obtained. The results show a potential of carbon nanotubes to increase the values of electrochemical capacitance and reactivity of substrates in which they have been deposited. However, the functionalization process used is aggressive for the samples and needs to be improved to allow further functionalization and a greater increase in the properties of the films. Deposition of cobalt nanoparticles was obtained, which is a possible technique to be used for the deposition of other metals. / Nanotubos de carbono (CNT- carbon nanotubes) são materiais com propriedades físicas bastante singulares e que têm sido amplamente estudados. Esses materiais podem ser usados para produção de catalisadores, supercapacitores, sensores de gás e sensores biológicos. Entre as propriedades interessantes dos nanotubos de carbono podemos destacar o comportamento elétrico que pode variar desde um condutor metálico até um semicondutor. Este trabalho tem como objetivo estudar o efeito da deposição de filmes de CNT sobre diferentes substratos nas propriedades eletroquímicas destes (reatividade e capacitância eletroquímica). Os efeitos da funcionalização sobre estas propriedades e a deposição de nanopartículas de cobalto em nanotubos de carbono também são objetivos do trabalho. Foram feitos estudos das propriedades eletroquímicas de filmes de nanotubos de carbono preparados por deposição eletroforética em substratos de grafite e silício. A reatividade e a capacitância eletroquímica dos eletrodos foram determinadas antes e depois da deposição dos filmes de CNT, para determinar o efeito dos CNT sobre estas propriedades. Investigou-se o efeito da funcionalização sobre a capacitância eletroquímica dos filmes de CNT determinando-a antes e depois da funcionalização. Para determinação da reatividade, da capacitância eletroquímica e do efeito da funcionalização nos filmes foi usada uma técnica de voltametria cíclica. As voltametrias foram feitas em potenciais onde o processo é faradáico, para medidas de reatividade, e onde este é não faradáico, para medidas de capacitância. Observou-se um aumento significativo na reatividade e na capacitância eletroquímica das amostras após a deposição dos filmes de nanotubos de carbono, cerca de duas vezes para a capacitância e ate cinco vezes para a reatividade. Houve também um aumento de até cinco vezes na capacitância eletroquímica das amostras com a funcionalização dos filmes. Apesar de a deposição de CNT aumentar a reatividade da amostra, esta cresce até certo ponto com o aumento da espessura do filme e depois começa a cair, sendo que parece haver um máximo do aumento da reatividade com a adição de nanotubos no filme. Já a capacitância eletroquímica tem um aumento com a adição do filme de nanotubos, mas parece não variar com a espessura do filme. A funcionalização faz a capacitância eletroquímica do filme crescer com o aumento do tempo de funcionalização. Outro ponto abordado no trabalho foi a eletrodeposição de nanoportículas de cobalto nos nanotubos de carbono suportados nos substratos. As nanopartículas depositadas foram caracterizadas por microscopia eletrônica de varredura e microscopia eletrônica de transmissão. A eletrodeposição de nanopartículas de cobalto foi conseguida em substratos de silício com nanotubos de carbono suportados sem funcionalização. Acredita-se que a deposição não tenha ocorrido quando se fez o processo de funcionalização devido à formação de óxidos na superfície do silício, que prejudicariam o contato elétrico destes com os nanotubos. Nas tentativas de deposição em grafite, só foram obtidos depósitos de partículas da ordem de micrometros. Os resultados mostram uma tendência dos nanotubos de carbono em aumentar os valores da capacitância eletroquímica e reatividade de substratos nos quais tenha sido depositado. Porém, o processo de funcionalização usado é muito agressivo para as amostras, e precisa ser melhorado para permitir uma maior funcionalização e um maior aumento nas propriedades dos filmes. Obteve-se a deposição de nanopartículas de cobalto, que é uma técnica possível de ser usada para a deposição de outros metais.