• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 23
  • 8
  • 5
  • 5
  • 3
  • 2
  • 1
  • 1
  • Tagged with
  • 55
  • 55
  • 12
  • 10
  • 10
  • 10
  • 9
  • 8
  • 8
  • 7
  • 6
  • 6
  • 6
  • 5
  • 5
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
41

Comportamento eletroquímico de nanotubos de carbono suportados sobre diferentes substratos / Electrochemical behavior of carbon nanotubes supported on different substrates

Gomes, Anderson Herbert de Abreu 30 July 2010 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:35:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 2858066 bytes, checksum: b1315725ad9f478fd13a35031320a1e5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-07-30 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Carbon nanotubes (CNT-carbon nanotubes) are materials, which physical properties are quite singular and have been extensively studied. The CNT can be used for the production of catalysts, supercapacitors, gas sensors and biological sensors. Among the interesting properties of carbon nanotubes, can be highlighted the electrical behavior that can vary from a metallic conductor to a semiconductor. This work study the effects on electrochemical properties (reactivity and electrochemical capacitance) of films of CNT when they are deposited on different substrates. The effects of functionalization on these properties and deposition of cobalt nanoparticles on carbon nanotubes are also presented. Studies were made of the electrochemical properties of carbon nanotube films prepared by electrophoretic deposition on substrates of graphite and silicon. The reactivity and electrochemical capacitance of the electrodes were determined before and after deposition of films of CNT to determine the effect of CNT on these properties. We investigated the effect of functionalization on the electrochemical capacitance of the films of CNT determining the functionalization before and after depositon. To determine the reactivity of the electrochemical capacitance and the effect of functionalization, we used a technique of cyclic voltammetry. The voltammetries were performed using potentials such that the process is faradaic for measures of reactivity and is not faradaic for capacitance measurements. There was a significant increase in reactivity and electrochemical capacitance of the samples after the deposition of films of carbon nanotubes. About twice for the capacitance and up to five times for the reactivity. There was also an increase of up to five times the capacitance of the samples with the electrochemical functionalization of the films. Although the deposition of CNT increases the reactivity of the sample, it growns to a certain extent with the increase of film thickness and then begins to fall. It seems to be a maximum of increase in reactivity with the addition of nanotubes in the film. On the other hand, the electrochemical capacitance increases with the addition of the film of nanotubes, but does not seem to vary with film thickness. Functionalization is the electrochemical capacitance of the film to increases as a function of functionalization time. It will be also presented in this text a study about the effects of cobalt nanoparticles electrodeposition in carbon nanotubes on supported substrates. Deposited nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The electrodeposition of cobalt nanoparticles was achieved on silicon substrates using carbon nanotubes supported without functionalization. It is believed that the deposition did not occur when the process of functionalization was made due to the formation of oxides on the silicon surface. Which can damage the electrical contact with these nanotubes. In an attempt to do deposition on graphite, only deposits of particles on the order of micrometers were obtained. The results show a potential of carbon nanotubes to increase the values of electrochemical capacitance and reactivity of substrates in which they have been deposited. However, the functionalization process used is aggressive for the samples and needs to be improved to allow further functionalization and a greater increase in the properties of the films. Deposition of cobalt nanoparticles was obtained, which is a possible technique to be used for the deposition of other metals. / Nanotubos de carbono (CNT- carbon nanotubes) são materiais com propriedades físicas bastante singulares e que têm sido amplamente estudados. Esses materiais podem ser usados para produção de catalisadores, supercapacitores, sensores de gás e sensores biológicos. Entre as propriedades interessantes dos nanotubos de carbono podemos destacar o comportamento elétrico que pode variar desde um condutor metálico até um semicondutor. Este trabalho tem como objetivo estudar o efeito da deposição de filmes de CNT sobre diferentes substratos nas propriedades eletroquímicas destes (reatividade e capacitância eletroquímica). Os efeitos da funcionalização sobre estas propriedades e a deposição de nanopartículas de cobalto em nanotubos de carbono também são objetivos do trabalho. Foram feitos estudos das propriedades eletroquímicas de filmes de nanotubos de carbono preparados por deposição eletroforética em substratos de grafite e silício. A reatividade e a capacitância eletroquímica dos eletrodos foram determinadas antes e depois da deposição dos filmes de CNT, para determinar o efeito dos CNT sobre estas propriedades. Investigou-se o efeito da funcionalização sobre a capacitância eletroquímica dos filmes de CNT determinando-a antes e depois da funcionalização. Para determinação da reatividade, da capacitância eletroquímica e do efeito da funcionalização nos filmes foi usada uma técnica de voltametria cíclica. As voltametrias foram feitas em potenciais onde o processo é faradáico, para medidas de reatividade, e onde este é não faradáico, para medidas de capacitância. Observou-se um aumento significativo na reatividade e na capacitância eletroquímica das amostras após a deposição dos filmes de nanotubos de carbono, cerca de duas vezes para a capacitância e ate cinco vezes para a reatividade. Houve também um aumento de até cinco vezes na capacitância eletroquímica das amostras com a funcionalização dos filmes. Apesar de a deposição de CNT aumentar a reatividade da amostra, esta cresce até certo ponto com o aumento da espessura do filme e depois começa a cair, sendo que parece haver um máximo do aumento da reatividade com a adição de nanotubos no filme. Já a capacitância eletroquímica tem um aumento com a adição do filme de nanotubos, mas parece não variar com a espessura do filme. A funcionalização faz a capacitância eletroquímica do filme crescer com o aumento do tempo de funcionalização. Outro ponto abordado no trabalho foi a eletrodeposição de nanoportículas de cobalto nos nanotubos de carbono suportados nos substratos. As nanopartículas depositadas foram caracterizadas por microscopia eletrônica de varredura e microscopia eletrônica de transmissão. A eletrodeposição de nanopartículas de cobalto foi conseguida em substratos de silício com nanotubos de carbono suportados sem funcionalização. Acredita-se que a deposição não tenha ocorrido quando se fez o processo de funcionalização devido à formação de óxidos na superfície do silício, que prejudicariam o contato elétrico destes com os nanotubos. Nas tentativas de deposição em grafite, só foram obtidos depósitos de partículas da ordem de micrometros. Os resultados mostram uma tendência dos nanotubos de carbono em aumentar os valores da capacitância eletroquímica e reatividade de substratos nos quais tenha sido depositado. Porém, o processo de funcionalização usado é muito agressivo para as amostras, e precisa ser melhorado para permitir uma maior funcionalização e um maior aumento nas propriedades dos filmes. Obteve-se a deposição de nanopartículas de cobalto, que é uma técnica possível de ser usada para a deposição de outros metais.
42

EFFECTS OF SOLUTION COMPOSITION (SALTS, PH, DIELECTRIC CONSTANT) ON POLYELECTROLYTE COMPLEX (PEC) FORMATION AND THEIR PROPERTIES

ZHANG, HUAN January 2018 (has links)
No description available.
43

The Electrophoretic Deposition of Conjugated Polymer Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes for Photovoltaic Applications

Casagrande, Travis V. 10 1900 (has links)
<p><p lang="en-US">This experimental research thesis describes the combination of conjugated polymers and carbon nanotubes with the fields of electrophoretic deposition (EPD) and organic solar cells. Prior to these contributions, soluble conjugated polymers and carbon nanotubes that have been functionalized by them had not yet been deposited by EPD from solution or by using non-toxic solvents. Additionally, EPD had not yet been utilized to deposit the active layer in a solid organic photovoltaic device. <p lang="en-US">The EPD of soluble conjugated polymer functionalized carbon nanotubes from non-toxic solvents was achieved through an iterative process of experimentation and technique refinement. The developed EPD technique utilized the high pH region at the cathode substrate to neutralize positively charged weak polyelectrolytes macromolecules. Their functional groups were protonated using a minimized amount of acetic acid which also enabled their solubility. Deprotonation of the quaternary ammonium functional groups rendered them neutrally charged and insoluble tertiary amines. This mechanism facilitated the formation of coatings that were predictable and uniform in appearance and thickness. <p lang="en-US">Control over coating thickness was demonstrated by coatings spanning 100 nm to 10 μm. These coatings were produced by adjusting the applied voltage, solution concentration, and tuning the deposition duration. <p lang="en-US">Techniques for the fabrication of a photovoltaic device using an active layer produced by EPD were established though modifications of general organic photovoltaic device fabrication procedures. These modifications involved redesigning the photolithographic ITO etching pattern, adding an insulating barrier strip, thickening the aluminum electrode layer, and switching the top buffer layer from LiF to BCP.</p> / Master of Applied Science (MASc)
44

Síntese e caracterização de eletrodos de TiO2/WO3, nanotubos de TiO2/WO3 e nanotubos de TiO2/titanato para aplicação no tratamento fotoeletrocatalítico dos interferentes endócrinos bisfenol-A e propil / Synthesis and characterization of TiO2/ WO3, TiO2 nanotubes/WO3 and TiO2 nanotubes/titanate electrodes for application in the photoelectrocatalytic treatment of the endocrine desruptors bisphenol-A and propylparaben

Alysson Stefan Martins 26 October 2017 (has links)
Tecnologias efetivas para o tratamento de águas e efluentes representam um dos grandes desafios da nossa sociedade; dentre as opções, a fotoeletrocatálise pode ser considerada como uma técnica alternativa e de interesse. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver eletrodos de TiO2 modificados visando o tratamento fotoeletrocatalítico de interferentes endócrinos. Realizou-se inicialmente a síntese de nanotubos de TiO2 (TiO2-NT) sobre substrato de Ti metálico via anodização eletroquímica em eletrólito NaH2PO4/HF. Para minimizar as limitações inerentes ao TiO2 realizou-se a eletrodeposição de WO3 sobre os nanotubos de TiO2 (Ti/TiO2-NT/WO3) e diretamente sobre o substrato de Ti metálico. Este último revelou a formação de uma camada fina de TiO2 sobre a superfície, posterior ao tratamento térmico, formando um compósito (Ti/TiO2/WO3). A análise de difração de raios-X confirmou a formação da fase monoclínica de WO3 para ambas as sínteses e a fase anatase para os eletrodos de Ti/TiO2-NT/WO3. Para as duas sínteses, as medidas de energia dispersiva de raios-X revelaram uma quantidade crescente de W na composição dos eletrodos com o aumento do tempo de eletrodeposição. Teores elevados de W (acima de 1,2 %) apresentaram uma diminuição expressiva nos valores de fotocorrente. No entanto, baixos teores de W (entre 0,4 e 1,2 %) indicaram um aumento de 20 % nos valores de fotocorrente para os eletrodos de Ti/TiO2-NT/WO3 (20 mA cm-2) e Ti/TiO2/WO3 (17 mA cm-2) comparados aos não modificados, no potencial de +2,0 V. As análises de reflectância difusa mostraram uma baixa energia de bandgap (&asymp; 2,90 eV, eletrodos de Ti/TiO2-NT/WO3) e um aumento na absorção da irradiação UV-Vis. Posteriormente, os eletrodos modificados foram aplicados na oxidação fotoeletrocatalítica (FE) dos compostos bisfenol-A (BPA) e propilparabeno (PPB), sob irradiação UV-Vis. O método FE apresentou um excelente desempenho em condições ácidas, aplicando-se potencial de +1,50 V e +0,50 V para os eletrodos Ti/TiO2-NT/WO3 e Ti/TiO2/WO3, respectivamente. A mineralização dos compostos BPA e PPB foi superior a 80 % tanto para o Ti/TiO2-NT/WO3 como para o Ti/TiO2/WO3. Quanto à taxa de remoção, o BPA e PPB foram completamente removidos após 45 e 60 min, respectivamente, para os eletrodos de Ti/TiO2/WO3 e após 30 minutos para os eletrodos de Ti/TiO2-NT/WO3. Adicionalmente, os eletrodos apresentaram um baixo consumo energético e boa estabilidade química. Comparada à técnica de fotocatálise (FC), a FE revelou uma eficiência de mineralização 2 vezes superior para o Ti/TiO2-NT/WO3 e mais de 20 % superior para o Ti/TiO2/WO3. Logo, as modificações dos eletrodos de TiO2 com WO3 constituíram importantes contribuições para o desempenho dos materiais, sendo um passo importante para a aplicação em tratamentos alternativos de descontaminação de águas residuárias. Ainda foi de interesse neste trabalho propor um método para a inserção de nanotubos (TiNT) e nanofolhas (TiNS) de titanatos no interior de nanotubos de TiO2 via eletroforese. O estudo possibilitou o desenvolvimento de um método simples e eficiente para a modificação de nanoestruturas complexas. A movimentação do contra eletrodo sobre a superfície do eletrodo de trabalho, adaptado com uma escova nas laterais, reduziu a espessura da camada de TiNS/TiNT. O potencial aplicado (20 V) e a estimulação mecânica da superfície foram importantes para a incorporação das nanoestruturas dentro dos poros de TiO2-NTs. Como resultado, os eletrodos apresentaram um aumento da hidrofobicidade e uma melhora na capacidade de oxidação direta comparado ao eletrodo não modificado. / Effective technologies for the water and wastewater treatment represent a challenges for our society; among the options, the photoelectrocatalysis can be considered a promising and interesting alternative. In this context, the objective of this study was to develop modified TiO2 electrodes for the photoelectrocatalytic treatment of endocrine disruptors. The synthesis of TiO2 nanotubes (TiO2-NT) on metallic Ti substrate was carried out via electrochemical anodization in NaH2PO4 /HF electrolyte. In order to minimize the limitations inherent of TiO2, the electrodeposition of WO3 was performed on the TiO2 nanotubes (Ti/TiO2-NT/WO3) and also in the metallic Ti substrate. The deposition on the Ti metallic produced a thin layer of TiO2 on the surface, subsequent to the heat treatment, generating a composite (Ti/TiO2/WO3). The X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) confirmed the monoclinic phase of WO3 for both the syntheses and the anatase phase of TiO2 for the Ti/TiO2-NT/WO3 electrodes. For the two syntheses, the X-ray dispersive energy (EDX) analisys indicated an increasing amount of tungsten (W) in the composition of the electrodes with increasing of electrodeposition time. High W content (above 1.2%) showed a significant decrease in the photocurrent values. However, low content of W (between 0.4 and 1.2 %) indicated an increase of 20 % in the photocurrent values for the electrodes Ti/TiO2-NT/WO3 (20 mA cm-2) and Ti/TiO2/WO3 (17 mA cm-2) compared to the unmodified ones, at the potential of +2.0 V. Difuse reflectance analysis indicated low bandgap energy (&asymp; 2.90 eV, Ti/TiO2-NT/WO3 electrodes) and an increase in the UV-Vis irradiation absorption. The best electrodes modified with WO3 to the both syntheses were applied in the photoelectrocatalytic oxidation (PEC) of bisphenol-A (BPA) and propylparaben (PPB) compounds, under UV-Vis irradiation. The PEC method presented an excellent performance in acidic conditions, applying a bias potential of +1.50 V and +0.50 V for Ti/TiO2-NT/WO3 and Ti/TiO2/WO3 electrodes, respectively. The mineralization of BPA and PPB compounds was greater than 80% for both Ti/TiO2-NT/WO3 and Ti/TiO2/WO3. In relation to the removal rate, BPA and PPB were completely removed after 45 and 60 min, respectively, for Ti/TiO2/WO3 electrodes and after 30 minutes for Ti/TiO2-NT/WO3 electrodes. Additionally, the electrodes presented a low energy consumption and good chemical stability. Compared to the photocatalysis (PC), the PEC was 2 times higher to the mineralization efficiency for Ti/TiO2-NT/WO3 and almost 20% higher for Ti/TiO2/WO3. Thus, the modifications of the TiO2 electrodes with WO3 represent an important contribution to the performance of materials and, therefore, a positive step for the application in alternative treatments of decontamination of wastewater. It was also of interest in this work to propose a new method for the insertion of nanotubes (TiNT) and nanosheets (TiNS) of titanates inside of TiO2 nanotubes via electrophoretic deposition. In this study was developed a simple and efficient method for the modification of complex nanostructures. The movement of the counter electrode on the surface of the working electrode, adapted with a brush on the edges, reduced the thickness of the TiNS/TiNT layer. The potential applied (20 V) and the mechanical stimulation in the surface were important for the incorporation of TiNS/TiNT into the pores of TiO2-NTs. As a result, the electrodes increased the hydrophobicity and an improvement to the direct oxidation capacity compared to the unmodified electrode.
45

Síntese e caracterização de eletrodos de TiO2/WO3, nanotubos de TiO2/WO3 e nanotubos de TiO2/titanato para aplicação no tratamento fotoeletrocatalítico dos interferentes endócrinos bisfenol-A e propil / Synthesis and characterization of TiO2/ WO3, TiO2 nanotubes/WO3 and TiO2 nanotubes/titanate electrodes for application in the photoelectrocatalytic treatment of the endocrine desruptors bisphenol-A and propylparaben

Martins, Alysson Stefan 26 October 2017 (has links)
Tecnologias efetivas para o tratamento de águas e efluentes representam um dos grandes desafios da nossa sociedade; dentre as opções, a fotoeletrocatálise pode ser considerada como uma técnica alternativa e de interesse. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver eletrodos de TiO2 modificados visando o tratamento fotoeletrocatalítico de interferentes endócrinos. Realizou-se inicialmente a síntese de nanotubos de TiO2 (TiO2-NT) sobre substrato de Ti metálico via anodização eletroquímica em eletrólito NaH2PO4/HF. Para minimizar as limitações inerentes ao TiO2 realizou-se a eletrodeposição de WO3 sobre os nanotubos de TiO2 (Ti/TiO2-NT/WO3) e diretamente sobre o substrato de Ti metálico. Este último revelou a formação de uma camada fina de TiO2 sobre a superfície, posterior ao tratamento térmico, formando um compósito (Ti/TiO2/WO3). A análise de difração de raios-X confirmou a formação da fase monoclínica de WO3 para ambas as sínteses e a fase anatase para os eletrodos de Ti/TiO2-NT/WO3. Para as duas sínteses, as medidas de energia dispersiva de raios-X revelaram uma quantidade crescente de W na composição dos eletrodos com o aumento do tempo de eletrodeposição. Teores elevados de W (acima de 1,2 %) apresentaram uma diminuição expressiva nos valores de fotocorrente. No entanto, baixos teores de W (entre 0,4 e 1,2 %) indicaram um aumento de 20 % nos valores de fotocorrente para os eletrodos de Ti/TiO2-NT/WO3 (20 mA cm-2) e Ti/TiO2/WO3 (17 mA cm-2) comparados aos não modificados, no potencial de +2,0 V. As análises de reflectância difusa mostraram uma baixa energia de bandgap (&asymp; 2,90 eV, eletrodos de Ti/TiO2-NT/WO3) e um aumento na absorção da irradiação UV-Vis. Posteriormente, os eletrodos modificados foram aplicados na oxidação fotoeletrocatalítica (FE) dos compostos bisfenol-A (BPA) e propilparabeno (PPB), sob irradiação UV-Vis. O método FE apresentou um excelente desempenho em condições ácidas, aplicando-se potencial de +1,50 V e +0,50 V para os eletrodos Ti/TiO2-NT/WO3 e Ti/TiO2/WO3, respectivamente. A mineralização dos compostos BPA e PPB foi superior a 80 % tanto para o Ti/TiO2-NT/WO3 como para o Ti/TiO2/WO3. Quanto à taxa de remoção, o BPA e PPB foram completamente removidos após 45 e 60 min, respectivamente, para os eletrodos de Ti/TiO2/WO3 e após 30 minutos para os eletrodos de Ti/TiO2-NT/WO3. Adicionalmente, os eletrodos apresentaram um baixo consumo energético e boa estabilidade química. Comparada à técnica de fotocatálise (FC), a FE revelou uma eficiência de mineralização 2 vezes superior para o Ti/TiO2-NT/WO3 e mais de 20 % superior para o Ti/TiO2/WO3. Logo, as modificações dos eletrodos de TiO2 com WO3 constituíram importantes contribuições para o desempenho dos materiais, sendo um passo importante para a aplicação em tratamentos alternativos de descontaminação de águas residuárias. Ainda foi de interesse neste trabalho propor um método para a inserção de nanotubos (TiNT) e nanofolhas (TiNS) de titanatos no interior de nanotubos de TiO2 via eletroforese. O estudo possibilitou o desenvolvimento de um método simples e eficiente para a modificação de nanoestruturas complexas. A movimentação do contra eletrodo sobre a superfície do eletrodo de trabalho, adaptado com uma escova nas laterais, reduziu a espessura da camada de TiNS/TiNT. O potencial aplicado (20 V) e a estimulação mecânica da superfície foram importantes para a incorporação das nanoestruturas dentro dos poros de TiO2-NTs. Como resultado, os eletrodos apresentaram um aumento da hidrofobicidade e uma melhora na capacidade de oxidação direta comparado ao eletrodo não modificado. / Effective technologies for the water and wastewater treatment represent a challenges for our society; among the options, the photoelectrocatalysis can be considered a promising and interesting alternative. In this context, the objective of this study was to develop modified TiO2 electrodes for the photoelectrocatalytic treatment of endocrine disruptors. The synthesis of TiO2 nanotubes (TiO2-NT) on metallic Ti substrate was carried out via electrochemical anodization in NaH2PO4 /HF electrolyte. In order to minimize the limitations inherent of TiO2, the electrodeposition of WO3 was performed on the TiO2 nanotubes (Ti/TiO2-NT/WO3) and also in the metallic Ti substrate. The deposition on the Ti metallic produced a thin layer of TiO2 on the surface, subsequent to the heat treatment, generating a composite (Ti/TiO2/WO3). The X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) confirmed the monoclinic phase of WO3 for both the syntheses and the anatase phase of TiO2 for the Ti/TiO2-NT/WO3 electrodes. For the two syntheses, the X-ray dispersive energy (EDX) analisys indicated an increasing amount of tungsten (W) in the composition of the electrodes with increasing of electrodeposition time. High W content (above 1.2%) showed a significant decrease in the photocurrent values. However, low content of W (between 0.4 and 1.2 %) indicated an increase of 20 % in the photocurrent values for the electrodes Ti/TiO2-NT/WO3 (20 mA cm-2) and Ti/TiO2/WO3 (17 mA cm-2) compared to the unmodified ones, at the potential of +2.0 V. Difuse reflectance analysis indicated low bandgap energy (&asymp; 2.90 eV, Ti/TiO2-NT/WO3 electrodes) and an increase in the UV-Vis irradiation absorption. The best electrodes modified with WO3 to the both syntheses were applied in the photoelectrocatalytic oxidation (PEC) of bisphenol-A (BPA) and propylparaben (PPB) compounds, under UV-Vis irradiation. The PEC method presented an excellent performance in acidic conditions, applying a bias potential of +1.50 V and +0.50 V for Ti/TiO2-NT/WO3 and Ti/TiO2/WO3 electrodes, respectively. The mineralization of BPA and PPB compounds was greater than 80% for both Ti/TiO2-NT/WO3 and Ti/TiO2/WO3. In relation to the removal rate, BPA and PPB were completely removed after 45 and 60 min, respectively, for Ti/TiO2/WO3 electrodes and after 30 minutes for Ti/TiO2-NT/WO3 electrodes. Additionally, the electrodes presented a low energy consumption and good chemical stability. Compared to the photocatalysis (PC), the PEC was 2 times higher to the mineralization efficiency for Ti/TiO2-NT/WO3 and almost 20% higher for Ti/TiO2/WO3. Thus, the modifications of the TiO2 electrodes with WO3 represent an important contribution to the performance of materials and, therefore, a positive step for the application in alternative treatments of decontamination of wastewater. It was also of interest in this work to propose a new method for the insertion of nanotubes (TiNT) and nanosheets (TiNS) of titanates inside of TiO2 nanotubes via electrophoretic deposition. In this study was developed a simple and efficient method for the modification of complex nanostructures. The movement of the counter electrode on the surface of the working electrode, adapted with a brush on the edges, reduced the thickness of the TiNS/TiNT layer. The potential applied (20 V) and the mechanical stimulation in the surface were important for the incorporation of TiNS/TiNT into the pores of TiO2-NTs. As a result, the electrodes increased the hydrophobicity and an improvement to the direct oxidation capacity compared to the unmodified electrode.
46

Caractérisation microstructurale et électrique de couches céramiques obtenues par le dépôt électrophorétique (EPD) : Application à la zircone cubique

Simone, Antonia 23 January 2004 (has links) (PDF)
Le dépôt par électrophorèse, technique éclectique et prometteuse, est bien connue pour permettre la production de films déposés de haute qualité et d'épaisseur contrôlée. Au vu de ces possibilités, la technique EPD a été appliquée avec succès lors de ce présent travail de thèse de doctorat pour produire des couches à base de zircone yttriée orientées vers des applications comme électrolyte solide dans les piles à combustibles. Nous avons testé deux techniques simples, facilement transférables à la production industrielle : La sérigraphie et le dépôt par électrophorèse. Les caractéristiques microstructurales de ces couches se reflètent sur leur comportement électrique. Notamment, les couches électrophorétiques possèdent des valeurs de conductivité plus élevées et proches des valeurs théoriques. Ces valeurs couplées au fait de pouvoir développer des couches d'épaisseur faible contrôlée (de l'ordre de la dizaine de µm), démontrent combien le dépôt par électrophorèse est une réponse valide aux demandes d'amélioration des caractéristiques des couches d'électrolytique.
47

Bio-Inspired Synthetic Melanin-Based Structural Colors and Thermally Responsive Nanocomposites

Echeverri, Mario 28 November 2021 (has links)
No description available.
48

Effect of electrophoretic deposition of micro-quartz on the microstructural and mechanical properties of carbon fibers and their bond performance toward cement

Li, Huanyu, Liebscher, Marco, Hoang Ly, Khoa, Vinh Ly, Phong, Köberle, Thomas, Yang, Jian, Fan, Qingyi, Yu, Minghao, Weidinger, Inez M., Mechtcherine, Viktor 19 March 2024 (has links)
An electrophoretic deposition (EPD) process of micro-quartz (MQ) powder is applied to carbon fibers (CFs) with the aim to enhance their interfacial bond to cementitious matrices and to investigate its influence on the microstructural and mechanical properties of the CFs itself. The electrophoretic mobility of the MQ particles with negative charge in aqueous media was confirmed by potential sweep experiments and zeta-potential measurements. High amounts of MQ were successfully deposited onto the fiber surface, as proven by scanning electron microscopy. Single-fiber tension tests and thermogravimetric analysis showed that EPD treatment had little impact on the tensile properties and thermal stability of the modified fibers. However, storing the CFs in cement pore solution impaired temperature stability of untreated and modified fibers. X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy reveal specific changes of CF's microstructure upon EPD treatment and immersion in pore solution. Single-fiber pullout tests showed that the pullout resistance of MQ-modified CFs was enhanced, relative to untreated CFs. This augmentation can be explained by an enhanced interlocking mechanisms between CF and matrix due to the deposited quartz particles on the CF surface.
49

Electrochemical Characterisation of LiFePO4-Coated Carbon Fibres: A Comparative Electrochemical Analysis of Three Coating Methods / Elektrokemisk karakterisering av LiFePO4-belagda kolfibrer: en jämförande elektrokemisk analys av tre beläggningsmetoder

Szecsödy, Julia January 2023 (has links)
Kolfiber CF kan användas som positiv elektrod i strukturella batterier om de beläggs med ett aktivt material, såsom litiumjärnfosfat LFP. Fördelen med att använda kolfibrer som elektroder är att de samtidigt kan bära mekanisk belastning och lagra elektrisk energi. Det finns flera tekniker för att belägga kolfibrerna. I denna rapport kommer en jämförelse att göras av fibrer som belagts med elektroforetisk deponering, sprutbeläggning och pulverimpregnering. Elektrokemisk karakterisering kommer att avgöra och utvärdera prestandan hos dessa tre tekniker. Cellerna som monterades med sprutbeläggda och pulverimpregnerade prover visade de högsta kapaciteterna, 141 mAh/g vid C/10 respektive 139 mAh/g vid C/14. Vidare testning utfördes på de pulverimpregnerade proverna för att studera elektriska egenskaper och beteende, såsom elektrokemisk impedansspektroskopi EIS, cyklisk voltammetri CV och långtids-cykling. Svepelektronmikroskop SEM analys genomfördes för att observera ytmorfologin och förstå hur de elektrokemiska testerna kan påverka fibrernas yta. / Carbon Fibres (CF) can be used as the positive electrode in structural batteries if they are coated with an active material such as Lithium Iron Phosphate Oxide (LFP). The advantage of using carbon fibres as electrodes is that they simultaneously can carry the mechanical load and store electrical energy. There are several techniques to coat the carbon fibres. In this report, a comparison will be made on fibres coated using electrophoretic deposition, spray coating and powder impregnation. Electrochemical characterisation will determine and evaluate the performance of these three techniques. Cells assembled with spray-coated and powder-impregnated samples delivered the highest capacities, 141 mAh/g at C/10 and 139 mAh/g at C/14, respectively. Further testing was conducted on the powder-impregnated samples to study the electrical properties and behaviour, such as Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS), Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) and long-term cycling. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis was performed to see the surface morphology and understand how electrochemical testing can affect the surface of the fibres.
50

Elaboration de films catalytiques co-alumine par dépôt électrophorétique pour l'hydrolyse du NaBH4 : développement du procédé dans une perspective de valorisation d'argiles naturelles du Liban comme supports de catalyseurs / Elaboration of catalytic films coblat-alumina by electrophoretic deposition for hydrolysis of NABH4 : developpement of this procedure for the valorization of natural clays from Lebanon as catalysys supports

Chamoun, Rita 29 September 2010 (has links)
L’hydrolyse spontanée du NaBH4 en milieu aqueux est une réaction lente nécessitant l’emploi d’un catalyseur pour l’accélérer. Nous présentons ici l’élaboration de catalyseurs Co supporté sur αAl2O3 mis forme de films, plus appropriés pour des applications nécessitant un démarrage/arrêt à la demande de la génération d’H2. Les films sont déposés sur un substrat Cu par dépôt électrophorétique (DEP). Par ailleurs, des catalyseurs Co supporté sur différentes argiles naturelles (Kaolinite, Illite-A et Illite-B) en provenance du Liban ont été élaborés. Le Co a été déposé sur αAl2O3 par six voies différentes : 1. Imprégnation de Co sur film αAl2O3 ; 2. Précipitation de Co sur film αAl2O3; 3. Electrodéposition du Co sur film αAl2O3; 4. Codéposition du Co et de αAl2O3; 5. Codéposition de nanoparticules de Co et de αAl2O3 et 6. DEP de Co-αAl2O3. La voie 6 est la meilleure pour l’élaboration des films 1, 5, 10 et 15 mass.% Co-αAl2O3. Ces films (homogènes) et les catalyseurs Co-αAl2O3 ont été comparés pour leur réactivité et l’étude cinétique a donné des énergies apparentes d’activation identiques: 51.3 et 52.7 kJ mol-1, respectivement.Ensuite, des catalyseurs de 1, 5, 10 et 15 mass.% Co-argile ont été élaborés selon le même procédé que celui de Co-αAl2O3. Ces catalyseurs ont montré une réactivité pour l’hydrolyse du NaBH4, donnant notamment des énergies apparentes d’activation de 58.8, 51.5 et 58.1 kJ mol-1 pour 15 mass.% Co-Kaolinite, (Illite-A) et (Illite-B) respectivement. De plus, des films homogènes de 1, 5, 10 et 15 mass.% Co-Kaolinite ont été déposés avec succès sur Inox par DEP. Cette étude a montré le potentiel de ces argiles naturelles comme supports de catalyseur / NaBH4 hydrolysis reaction is slow in aqueous medium. Therefore, it can be accelerated by addition of a catalyst. In this work, catalytic films of Co supported over αAl2O3 have been synthesized since they are more convenient for applications requiring generation of H2 on demand. Co-αAl2O3 films were deposited on Cu plates by electrophoretic deposition method (EPD). Furthermore, catalysts of Co supported over different types of natural clay (Kaolinite, Illite-A and Illite-B) provided from Lebanon were also synthesized.Co was deposited over αAl2O3 following six routes: 1. αAl2O3 film impregnation; 2. Co precipitation over αAl2O3 film; 3. Co electrodeposition over αAl2O3 film; 4. Coelectrodeposition of Co from CoCl2 and αAl2O3; 5. Coelectrodeposition of Co nanoparticles and αAl2O3 and 6. EPD of Co-αAl2O3. Route 6 was found to be the best one for the fabrication of homogeneous films of 1, 5, 10 and 15 wt.% Co-αAl2O3. A comparative study on the reactivity of Co-αAl2O3 films and powder catalysts was done and the kinetic study gave similar values of the apparent activation energies: 51.3 and 52.7 kJ mol-1, respectively. Moreover, Co was supported over clay with the same method used for Co-αAl2O3. 1, 5, 10 and 15 wt.% Co-clay catalysts were tested for the hydrolysis reaction and the apparent activation energies obtained were as follows: 58.8, 51.5 and 58.1 kJ mol-1 for 15 wt.% Co-Kaolinite, (Illite-A) and (Illite-B) respectively. Homogeneous films of 1, 5, 10 and 15 wt.% Co-Kaolinite were successfully deposited over Inox substrate by EPD. It was concluded from this work that natural clays can be used as potential supports for Co catalysts in the hydrolysis of NaBH4

Page generated in 0.6041 seconds