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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
61

Nitrogen-containing Carbonaceous Materials for Electrochemical Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Wu, Bin 03 January 2024 (has links)
Der steigende weltweite Energiebedarf treibt die Entwicklung sauberer Energiequellen voran, die dazu beitragen werden, den Verbrauch fossiler Brennstoffe zu reduzieren. Brennstoffzellen und Metall-Luft-Batterien sind vielversprechende Alternativen, um traditionelle fossile Energie zu ersetzen und durch die Reduzierung von O2 an der Kathode grünen Strom zu erzeugen. Aufgrund der langsamen Reaktionsraten der Sauerstoffreduktionsreaktion (ORR) ist hierfür jedoch elektrokatalytisches Material mit geringen Kosten und hoher Effizienz erforderlich. In den letzten Jahrzehnten wurde eine Vielzahl von Materialien als Nicht-Pt-Katalysatoren getestet, von metallfreien Katalysatoren bis hin zu Katalysatoren auf Übergangsmetallbasis. Aufgrund des mangelnden Verständnisses des Reaktionsmechanismus und der Wechselwirkung zwischen Elektrolyt und Elektrokatalysator befinden sich neue Designs stickstoffhaltiger Katalysatoren auf Kohlenstoffbasis jedoch noch in der Entwicklungsphase. Zu diesem Zweck wurden verschiedene (in situ) spektroskopische und elektrochemische Techniken eingesetzt, um die Wechselwirkung zwischen N-dotiertem Kohlenstoff und Elektrolyten sowie die katalytischen Mechanismen zu verstehen. Darüber hinaus weisen die neu entwickelten Katalysatoren für die ORR eine überlegene elektrokatalytische Leistung auf, die in dieser Dissertation ausführlich diskutiert wird. Die Struktur-Leistungs-Beziehung unserer ORR-N-dotierten Kohlenstoffkatalysatoren wurde gründlich untersucht. Diese Forschung zeigt, wie die Kombination fortschrittlicher Spektroskopietechniken, einschließlich In-situ-Spektroskopie und elektrochemischer Charakterisierung, ein tieferes Verständnis der Katalysator-/Elektrolyt-Wechselwirkung, des katalytischen Mechanismus und der optimierten elektrokatalytischen Leistung stickstoffhaltiger Kohlenstoffmaterialien, ORR-Katalysatoren, insbesondere nanoporöser N-dotierter Kohlenstoff, fördern kann Eisen-Stickstoff-codotierte Kohlenstoffmaterialien. / Increasing global energy demand drives the development of clean energy sources that will help reduce the consumption of fossil fuels. Fuel cells and metal-air batteries are promising alternatives to replace traditional fossil energy to generate green electricity by reducing O2 at the cathode. However, due to sluggish reaction rates of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), this requires electrocatalytic material with low cost and high efficiency. Over the last few decades, a variety of materials have been tested as non-Pt catalysts, from metal-free catalysts to transition metal-based catalysts. However, due to the lack of understanding of the reaction mechanism and the interaction between electrolyte and electrocatalysts, new designs nitrogen-containing carbon-based catalysts are still under the development stage. To this aim, a variety of (in situ) spectroscopic and electrochemical techniques to understand N-doped carbon electrocatalysts/electrolyte interaction and catalytic mechanisms have been employed. Moreover, the newly-designed catalysts for ORR demonstrate superior electrocatalytic performance which are discussed in detail in this dissertation. The structure-performance relationship for our ORR N-doped carbon catalysts has been thoroughly investigated. This research highlights how the combination of advanced spectroscopy techniques including in situ spectroscopy and electrochemical characterization may promote a deeper understanding of catalyst/electrolyte interaction, catalytic mechanism and optimized electrocatalytic performance of nitrogen-containing carbon materials ORR catalysts, especially nanoporous N-doped carbon and iron-nitrogen-co-doped carbon materials.
62

Tiefdruckverfahren zur Herstellung von Katalysatorschichten für (PEM) Brennstoffzellen / Gravure Printing as Manufacturing Technology for Catalyst Layers of (PEM) Fuel Cells

Siegel, Frank 06 June 2016 (has links) (PDF)
Diese Dissertation befasst sich mit der industrienahen Herstellung von Katalysatorschichten für Polymer-Elektrolyt-Membran-Brennstoffzellen mit Hilfe des Tiefdrucks als Fertigungsverfahren. Um die Anforderungen an die Katalysatorschicht hinsichtlich der Schichtdicke zu erreichen, wird ein Linienraster für den Tiefdruck entwickelt. Das patentierte und verifizierte Designkonzept des Linienrasters ermöglicht es, trotz Tinten mit geringem Feststoffgehalt hohe Trockenschichtdicken zu erzeugen. Aufgrund des verwendeten Tiefdruckrasters sind Optimierungsschritte an der Fertigungsanlage notwendig, um eine hohe Schichtqualität zu erreichen. Schließlich werden kontinuierlich und industrienah Katalysatorschichten gefertigt, die als Membran-Elektroden-Einheit in einer Polymer-Elektrolyt-Membran-Brennstoffzelle erfolgreich eingesetzt werden. / This work presents an industrial close manufacturing process of active electrodes for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells utilizing an adapted gravure printing process. To meet the requirements of the electrodes regarding the layer thickness (weight) and quality a novel line screen with maximized dipping volume for gravure printing was developed and investigated. A design rule for this kind of screens was realized and verified by a successful manufacturing of electrodes with different dried layer thicknesses. Due to the rough structure and the high dipping volumes of these line screens an adaption and optimization of the machinery and the whole process was necessary to achieve high quality electrodes. Finally, it is shown that it is possible to manufacture continuiously in an industrial close roll-to-roll process platinum loaded electrodes, working successful as cathode in a Membran-Electrode-Assembly.
63

Kompozitní elektrodové materiály pro lithium-iontové akumulátory na bázi LiFePO4 / Composite electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries based on LiFePO4 prepared using GAC method

Vilhelm, Ondřej January 2011 (has links)
Presented work investigates the problem of secondary lithium-ion cells and the different available cathode materials. We have prepared samples of LiFePO4 with the addition of different kinds of carbon materials such as Super P, Vulcan and expanded graphite. We have always created the sample with and without surfactant. Developed samples were compared by measuring electrochemical methods (cyclic voltammetry, charge and discharge cycles and impedance spectroscopy). We also modeled the three-point cell for measuring electrochemical electrode materials.
64

Rozvoj technologie frézování forem povlakovanými tvarovými frézami / Progress in technology of mold milling with coated profile tools

Doležel, Ondřej January 2011 (has links)
This diploma thesis is involved in possible development of different types of milling molds coated with modern plows. The first part is devoted to an analysis of contemporary trends in forms production technology. The analysis includes the different types of machines and tools for making various kinds of molds and dies. Another part deals with design of dies for sheet metal shears. The thesis continues by design of the production procedure after heat treatment and finishing die by miling. For milling of die are designed miling tools, the NC program and the possible development of manufacturing the die using a new machining center and the possibility of production optimization. The penultimate point of the thesis is technical and economical evaluation of the direction of development and comparison of positives and negatoves of each method. At the final evaluation is all summed up.
65

Nové gelové elektrolyty / New gel electrolytes

Sumka, Martin January 2016 (has links)
This master´s thesis deals with the properties of gel polymer electrolytes, brief characteristics of other types of electrolytes and materials that are used for preparing polymer electrolytes. The thesis explains the use of the gel electrolytes in practice, the current conduction in the electrolytes and the properties of ionic liquids, and flame retardants. This thesis also focuses on methods of measurement of mechanical properties of gel polymer electrolytes. The practical part is focused on preparation of methacrylate gel electrolytes and their modifications with the use of flame retardant - triethyl phosphate (TEP) and ionic liquid - 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (Emim TFSI). In this part there are evaluations of their potential funcionality (potential window) and specific conductance conductivity using the method LSV (linear sweep voltammetry) and impedance spectroscopy. The practical part also includes a thermal analysis of selected samples by TGA, DTA and EGA methods.
66

Tiefdruckverfahren zur Herstellung von Katalysatorschichten für (PEM) Brennstoffzellen

Siegel, Frank 23 November 2015 (has links)
Diese Dissertation befasst sich mit der industrienahen Herstellung von Katalysatorschichten für Polymer-Elektrolyt-Membran-Brennstoffzellen mit Hilfe des Tiefdrucks als Fertigungsverfahren. Um die Anforderungen an die Katalysatorschicht hinsichtlich der Schichtdicke zu erreichen, wird ein Linienraster für den Tiefdruck entwickelt. Das patentierte und verifizierte Designkonzept des Linienrasters ermöglicht es, trotz Tinten mit geringem Feststoffgehalt hohe Trockenschichtdicken zu erzeugen. Aufgrund des verwendeten Tiefdruckrasters sind Optimierungsschritte an der Fertigungsanlage notwendig, um eine hohe Schichtqualität zu erreichen. Schließlich werden kontinuierlich und industrienah Katalysatorschichten gefertigt, die als Membran-Elektroden-Einheit in einer Polymer-Elektrolyt-Membran-Brennstoffzelle erfolgreich eingesetzt werden. / This work presents an industrial close manufacturing process of active electrodes for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells utilizing an adapted gravure printing process. To meet the requirements of the electrodes regarding the layer thickness (weight) and quality a novel line screen with maximized dipping volume for gravure printing was developed and investigated. A design rule for this kind of screens was realized and verified by a successful manufacturing of electrodes with different dried layer thicknesses. Due to the rough structure and the high dipping volumes of these line screens an adaption and optimization of the machinery and the whole process was necessary to achieve high quality electrodes. Finally, it is shown that it is possible to manufacture continuiously in an industrial close roll-to-roll process platinum loaded electrodes, working successful as cathode in a Membran-Electrode-Assembly.

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