Viele Notarztzentren in Deutschland dokumentieren ihre Einsätze heutzutage mit digitaler Technik. Dadurch wird eine hohe Dokumentationsqualität erzielt. Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, die handschriftliche Dokumentation des Notarztstützpunktes der Universitätsklinik Leipzig vor der Umstellung auf die digitale Technik zu untersuchen, um in einer folgenden Arbeit einen Vergleich zwischen den zwei Dokumentationsarten herstellen zu können. 1353 Protokolle wurden per Hand in eine eigens erstellte Eingabemaske übertragen und anschließend über die Fehlquoten die Dokumentationsqualität ermittelt. Daraufhin wurde untersucht, ob verschiedene Faktoren Einfluss auf die Dokumentationsqualität nehmen. Mit 44 von 48 möglichen ausgefüllten Feldern war das am besten ausgefüllte Protokoll zu 91% vollständig. Bei dem am schlechtesten ausgefüllten Protokoll waren neun Felder dokumentiert, das entspricht 20%. Die durchschnittliche Dokumentationsqualität lag somit bei 60%. In der weiteren Auswertung zeigte sich, dass der Weiterbildungsstand des Notarztes in dieser Untersuchung Einfluss auf die Dokumentationsqualität nimmt. Ebenso zeigten die verschiedenen Diagnosen der Patienten, der NACA-Score, der Zustand bei Übergabe und die Einsatzbeschreibung einen Einfluss auf die Dokumentationsqualität. Die handschriftliche Dokumentation auf vorgedruckten Notfallprotokollen aus Papier entspricht auf Grund der Nachteile in der Lesbarkeit und Handhabung sowie der fehlenden anschließenden Auswertbarkeit nicht dem heutigen Stand. Eine digitale Dokumentation, wie sie 2011 an der Uniklinik Leipzig eingeführt wurde, ist die Grundlage für ein modernes Qualitätsmanagement.

The main goal of this thesis is to analyse the level of amateur first aid knowledge of pupils from grades 6. to 9. at a particular primary school in Dobříš. To achieve this, I utilised partial goals, through which I was trying to find out whether the knowledge of grade 8. pupils of the chosen school was influenced by the fact that there are no lessons taught about theoretical amateur first aid in grade 7. Further, I was trying to establish, if grade 9.pupils have better knowledge of the problem compared to grade 6.pupils; and what grade 9.pupils of the chosen school know about amateur first aid. I was also interested in the fact whether there was any difference in the knowledge of this field between girls and boys. My thesis consists of a theoretical part, in which I researched the given problematic with the help of academic resources, handbooks and other sources. The keystone of the second part, the practical one, is a questionnaire, through which I surveyed the knowledge of the pupils, and then analysed the collected data. The conclusion is made up of general and actual oucomes for subsequent pedagogical application, not only for me, but also for out school.

Viele Notarztzentren in Deutschland dokumentieren ihre Einsätze heutzutage mit digitaler Technik. Dadurch wird eine hohe Dokumentationsqualität erzielt. Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, die handschriftliche Dokumentation des Notarztstützpunktes der Universitätsklinik Leipzig vor der Umstellung auf die digitale Technik zu untersuchen, um in einer folgenden Arbeit einen Vergleich zwischen den zwei Dokumentationsarten herstellen zu können. 1353 Protokolle wurden per Hand in eine eigens erstellte Eingabemaske übertragen und anschließend über die Fehlquoten die Dokumentationsqualität ermittelt. Daraufhin wurde untersucht, ob verschiedene Faktoren Einfluss auf die Dokumentationsqualität nehmen. Mit 44 von 48 möglichen ausgefüllten Feldern war das am besten ausgefüllte Protokoll zu 91% vollständig. Bei dem am schlechtesten ausgefüllten Protokoll waren neun Felder dokumentiert, das entspricht 20%. Die durchschnittliche Dokumentationsqualität lag somit bei 60%. In der weiteren Auswertung zeigte sich, dass der Weiterbildungsstand des Notarztes in dieser Untersuchung Einfluss auf die Dokumentationsqualität nimmt. Ebenso zeigten die verschiedenen Diagnosen der Patienten, der NACA-Score, der Zustand bei Übergabe und die Einsatzbeschreibung einen Einfluss auf die Dokumentationsqualität. Die handschriftliche Dokumentation auf vorgedruckten Notfallprotokollen aus Papier entspricht auf Grund der Nachteile in der Lesbarkeit und Handhabung sowie der fehlenden anschließenden Auswertbarkeit nicht dem heutigen Stand. Eine digitale Dokumentation, wie sie 2011 an der Uniklinik Leipzig eingeführt wurde, ist die Grundlage für ein modernes Qualitätsmanagement.

As dificuldades encontradas para a operacionalização dos métodos de dimensionamento de pessoal de enfermagem nas unidades de emergência estão diretamente relacionadas à escassez de estudos e de parâmetros que instrumentalizem as enfermeiras para a determinação do quadro de pessoal. Diante deste cenário, este estudo teve por objetivo identificar e analisar a distribuição do tempo de trabalho das enfermeiras em uma unidade de emergência, bem como calcular o tempo médio despendido por estas profissionais na execução das intervenções/atividades de enfermagem. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de natureza quantitativa, descritiva, do tipo estudo de caso, realizada em um Hospital geral, universitário, localizado no município de São Paulo. Para alcançar os objetivos do estudo foi utilizado o método de amostragem de trabalho. A identificação das atividades de enfermagem, realizadas pelas enfermeiras, ocorreu mediante avaliação das fichas de atendimento dos pacientes e da observação direta das enfermeiras no cotidiano do trabalho na Unidade, que foram, posteriormente, categorizadas de acordo com um sistema padronizado de linguagem (NIC) e classificadas em intervenções de cuidado direto, intervenções de cuidado indireto, atividades associadas e de tempo pessoal. Os dados foram coletados no período de 11 a 14 de novembro de 2008, por seis observadoras de campo, treinadas especificamente para a realização deste procedimento. Obteve-se 1512 amostras das atividades realizadas pelas enfermeiras, verificando-se que as intervenções e atividades de enfermagem que mais utilizaram o tempo de trabalho das enfermeiras foram: Passagem de Plantão (8,79%), Cuidado na Admissão (7,40%), Documentação (6,74%), Troca de Informações sobre Cuidados de Saúde (5,42%), Delegação (4,36%), Transporte (3,44%), Supervisão de Funcionários (2,91%) e Plano de Alta e Administração de Medicamentos EV (2,12%). Observou-se que 35% do tempo das enfermeiras foram dedicados às intervenções de cuidado indireto, 35% às intervenções de cuidado direto de enfermagem, 18% às atividades de tempo pessoal e 12% às atividades associadas. A produtividade média destas profissionais correspondeu à 82%, considerado excelente, conforme os critérios de avaliação da produtividade propostos na literatura. A análise comparativa dos tempos identificados com os tempos estimados pela NIC permitiu verificar que 54,4% apresentaram correspondência com os intervalos de tempo estimados pela NIC. Com este estudo evidenciam-se perspectivas para a realização de novas investigações que contribuam para a identificação de parâmetros que subsidiem o processo de dimensionar pessoal de enfermagem nos serviços de emergência / The difficulties found to make operational the nursery personnel sizing methods at the emergency units are directly related to the lack of studies and parameters that would give nurses resources to determine the nursing staff. Facing that scenario, this study`s aim was to identify and analyze the work time distribution of nurses in an emergency unit as well as calculate the average time spent by these professionals at nursing activities. This is a prospective, quantitative, exploratory-descriptive type field research, conducted in a large, general, universitary hospital in the city of São Paulo. To achieve the above mentioned objectives a working sample method was used. To identify the nurses activities, patient charts were used as well as the observation of the nurses routine at Unit, which were later categorized in accordance with the standard language system (NIC) and classified as direct care and indirect care interventions, associated activities and personal time. Data were collected between November 11th through 14th, 2008, by six field observers, specifically trained for this task. 1512 samples were obtained from the nurses activities. The nursing activities and interventions that most used work time of the nurses were, showing that the activities that took more time from the nurses were: Shift Report (8,79%), Admission Care (7,40%), Documentation (6,74%), Health Care Information Exchange (5,42%), Delegation (4,36%), Transport (3,44%), Staff Supervision (2,91%) and Discharge Planning and Medication Administration: Intravenous (IV) (2,12%). It was observed that 35% of the nurses time was dedicated to indirect care interventions, 35% to direct care nursing interventions, 18% to personal time activities and 12% to related activities. The average productivity of these professionals achieved 82%, considered an excellent standard according to evaluation criteria shown in specific literature. The comparative analysis of the identified time estimated by NIC allowed to verify that 54,4% presented time intervals aligned by those estimated by NIC. This study gives perspectives to new investigations that could contribute to the identification of new parameters that could help to establish the necessary nursing staff for emergency services

The level of readiness of police branches (especially police negotiators) for the threat of terrorist attack on the airport in Planá nearby České Budějovice. This thesis is focused on the preparedness of the security forces, especially police negotiators for the possible threat of terrorist attack on the newly constructed international airport in Planá nearby České Budějovice. There are defined the basic concepts and features regarding the terrorism, security forces and crisis negotiations. The goal of my thesis is to find out the level of preparedness of security forces for a possible terrorist attack on the airport in Planá nearby České Budějovice. A part of my work are interviews with twenty policemen, members of the special police team-emergency squad of the Regional Police Directorate of the South-Bohemian Region, six of which are members of the crisis negotiation team.

Civil protection in the CR has undergone a major transformation since the 1990s. New legislation came into force as of 1.1.2001. The enforcement of state administration in civil protection matters was transferred from the Defence Ministry to the Ministry of the Interior. These adverse influences entail natural disasters, industrial accidents and other exceptional events. That it is important not to underestimate exceptional events and to be thoroughly prepared for them, as by being prepared we are in a better position to overcome the fear and panic that breaks out when such a situation occurs. People are prepared they are able to more objectively assess any situation that arises and can help not only themselves but also their loved ones and neighbours.

This dissertation is focused on transportation of hazardous substances and on procedures of units of integrated emergency system during a traffic accident. It covers issues such as valid legislature, drivers´ training, obligatory documents, compulsory spares and checking of vehicle by the Police of the Czech Republic. The cooperation of units of the integrated emergency system / firefighters, policemen, emergency healht care/ starts as a common action at the very moment all rescue and protection units arrive at the place of the trafic accident of a vehicle transportating hazardous substance. Main attention is paid to the police work. The empirical part is relating to the research of knowledge in the field of transportation of hazardous substances through the use of the questionnarie . It is divided into three parts. The first part of the questionnarie contains collected basic information about the informants. The second part is focused on general knowledge about transportation of hazardous substances. The third part is aimed to the knowledge of procedures and activities at the place of accident. The conclusion of this dissertation mentions some of the accident advised forms of how to improve the transportation of hazardous substance by land and the preparatin of procedure of the Police of the Czech Republic in joint operations.

As dificuldades encontradas para a operacionalização dos métodos de dimensionamento de pessoal de enfermagem nas unidades de emergência estão diretamente relacionadas à escassez de estudos e de parâmetros que instrumentalizem as enfermeiras para a determinação do quadro de pessoal. Diante deste cenário, este estudo teve por objetivo identificar e analisar a distribuição do tempo de trabalho das enfermeiras em uma unidade de emergência, bem como calcular o tempo médio despendido por estas profissionais na execução das intervenções/atividades de enfermagem. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de natureza quantitativa, descritiva, do tipo estudo de caso, realizada em um Hospital geral, universitário, localizado no município de São Paulo. Para alcançar os objetivos do estudo foi utilizado o método de amostragem de trabalho. A identificação das atividades de enfermagem, realizadas pelas enfermeiras, ocorreu mediante avaliação das fichas de atendimento dos pacientes e da observação direta das enfermeiras no cotidiano do trabalho na Unidade, que foram, posteriormente, categorizadas de acordo com um sistema padronizado de linguagem (NIC) e classificadas em intervenções de cuidado direto, intervenções de cuidado indireto, atividades associadas e de tempo pessoal. Os dados foram coletados no período de 11 a 14 de novembro de 2008, por seis observadoras de campo, treinadas especificamente para a realização deste procedimento. Obteve-se 1512 amostras das atividades realizadas pelas enfermeiras, verificando-se que as intervenções e atividades de enfermagem que mais utilizaram o tempo de trabalho das enfermeiras foram: Passagem de Plantão (8,79%), Cuidado na Admissão (7,40%), Documentação (6,74%), Troca de Informações sobre Cuidados de Saúde (5,42%), Delegação (4,36%), Transporte (3,44%), Supervisão de Funcionários (2,91%) e Plano de Alta e Administração de Medicamentos EV (2,12%). Observou-se que 35% do tempo das enfermeiras foram dedicados às intervenções de cuidado indireto, 35% às intervenções de cuidado direto de enfermagem, 18% às atividades de tempo pessoal e 12% às atividades associadas. A produtividade média destas profissionais correspondeu à 82%, considerado excelente, conforme os critérios de avaliação da produtividade propostos na literatura. A análise comparativa dos tempos identificados com os tempos estimados pela NIC permitiu verificar que 54,4% apresentaram correspondência com os intervalos de tempo estimados pela NIC. Com este estudo evidenciam-se perspectivas para a realização de novas investigações que contribuam para a identificação de parâmetros que subsidiem o processo de dimensionar pessoal de enfermagem nos serviços de emergência / The difficulties found to make operational the nursery personnel sizing methods at the emergency units are directly related to the lack of studies and parameters that would give nurses resources to determine the nursing staff. Facing that scenario, this study`s aim was to identify and analyze the work time distribution of nurses in an emergency unit as well as calculate the average time spent by these professionals at nursing activities. This is a prospective, quantitative, exploratory-descriptive type field research, conducted in a large, general, universitary hospital in the city of São Paulo. To achieve the above mentioned objectives a working sample method was used. To identify the nurses activities, patient charts were used as well as the observation of the nurses routine at Unit, which were later categorized in accordance with the standard language system (NIC) and classified as direct care and indirect care interventions, associated activities and personal time. Data were collected between November 11th through 14th, 2008, by six field observers, specifically trained for this task. 1512 samples were obtained from the nurses activities. The nursing activities and interventions that most used work time of the nurses were, showing that the activities that took more time from the nurses were: Shift Report (8,79%), Admission Care (7,40%), Documentation (6,74%), Health Care Information Exchange (5,42%), Delegation (4,36%), Transport (3,44%), Staff Supervision (2,91%) and Discharge Planning and Medication Administration: Intravenous (IV) (2,12%). It was observed that 35% of the nurses time was dedicated to indirect care interventions, 35% to direct care nursing interventions, 18% to personal time activities and 12% to related activities. The average productivity of these professionals achieved 82%, considered an excellent standard according to evaluation criteria shown in specific literature. The comparative analysis of the identified time estimated by NIC allowed to verify that 54,4% presented time intervals aligned by those estimated by NIC. This study gives perspectives to new investigations that could contribute to the identification of new parameters that could help to establish the necessary nursing staff for emergency services

This master's thesis deals with the design of an electronic security system as part of the physical security for the energy company in the Czech Republic. The electronic security system is designed to meet all legal requirements, internal directives and has also passed ISO 27001 certification. The Implementation of the security system is demonstrated on the selected object of the company that belongs to the elements of the critical infrastructure.

The hydraulic system in a fighter aircraft is not fully utilised during large parts of the flight mission were more electrical power is needed. To better utilise the hydraulic power the current Auxiliary Hydraulic Pump (AHP) and the Emergency Hydraulic Pump (EHP) can be exchanged to an Electro Hydraulic Energy Converter (EHEC). The EHEC has the possibility to provide hydraulic power to the system, but also convert hydraulic power into electric power. The control for such a unit can be implemented in different ways. A literature study was performed to decide a suitable architecture for use in a fighter aircraft application. A simulation model representing the resulting architecture was created. The simulation model was successful in describing the basic behaviour of the hydraulic system, but lacks a realistic representation of hydraulic consumers.  Different control strategies were created and tested on the simulation model with several test scenarios based on real flight data from tests performed on the aircraft. The control strategies were compared and suitable candidates were presented based on their relative performance and compared with the current hydraulic system behaviour. An architecture consisting of a variable displacement pump with over-center capabilities combined with a permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) was decided to be used. A PI-controller with a feedforward on consumer flow was the best performing controller for use in emergency operation of the EHEC. For the case when regenerating electrical power a PI-controller with load pressure feedback is desired initially during start up. When reaching steady state a PI-controller without load pressure feedback is then advantageous.