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Objective: To examine the impact of treatment outcome and treatment condition (Cognitive-behavioral therapy, CBT; Sertraline, SRT; COMB, CBT and SRT; Placebo) for youth treated for anxiety disorders on global and domain-specific functioning across a 3 to 12 year, naturalistic follow-up. Method: A subset (319) of 488 families from the Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal Study (CAMS; Walkup et al., 2008) participated in an average of 3.38 assessments during the follow-up period. All youth met criteria for a principal anxiety disorder pretreatment. Growth curve modeling examined the impact of treatment outcomes (response/remission) and treatment condition on global functioning, global and domain- specific impairment, and life satisfaction across the follow-up period. Logistic regression explored the impact of treatment response and condition on low frequency events (arrests/convictions) and educational achievement (high school graduation/college enrollment). Results: Growth curve analyses revealed that treatment responders/remitters demonstrated better global functioning, increased life satisfaction, and decreased overall impairment at their first follow-up assessment (growth curve mean intercept). The positive effect of treatment response on life satisfaction, but not global functioning or overall impairment, attenuated across the follow-up period. Treatment response also predicted decreased academic impairment at first follow-up. Participants in the COMB condition demonstrated improved functional trajectories with regards to family life and academic grade-point average. CBT participants demonstrated a greater decline in overall impairment and problems with self-care/independence across the follow-up. Treatment response and condition did not predict legal outcomes, school attendance, high school graduation, college attendance, occupational outcomes, or social/peer relationships. Conclusion: Response to early intervention is associated with improved overall functioning, as well as functioning within specific domains (academics) 3 to 12 years posttreatment. Treatment type differentially predicted functional trajectories. Findings support the positive impact of pediatric anxiety treatment on functioning during adolescence and emerging adulthood. / Psychology

Background: The transition into emerging adulthood is a major developmental period in one’s life in which rapid declines in physical activity (PA) are documented. While many emerging adults possess intentions to engage in regular PA, evidence suggests acting on these intentions represents a significant challenge. Obtaining a deeper understanding of the factors associated with the process of translating emerging adult’s PA intentions into action may be integral in building a healthier adult population. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of two potential moderators of the PA intention-behaviour relationship: goal conflict and trait self-control, in a sample of emerging adults. Methods: The study sample was comprised of 132 participants (Mage = 17.80 ± 0.46; 64% female) drawn from a larger prospective cohort study (ADAPT Study). All participants completed two online questionnaires, approximately four weeks apart. Measures of PA intention strength, goal conflict and trait self-control were assessed at time 1. At time 2, participants completed a measure of self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) engagement. Four moderation analyses were performed to assess the independent and combined effects of goal conflict and trait self-control on the PA intention-behaviour relationship. Results: Across all moderation analyses, the main effect of intention strength was significant (p < 0.001), providing support for the necessary role it plays in PA behaviour. However, the main effects of goal-conflict and trait self-control were not found to be significant, along with all interaction effects tested. Correlational analyses revealed intention strength (r = 0.346, p < .001) and goal-conflict (r = -0.236, p < 0.05) were significantly correlated with MVPA, however trait self-control (r = 0.048) was not. Conclusion: Although results showed a modest intention-PA relationship, the hypothesized moderating effects of goal conflict and self-control were not supported. While the subjective perception of one’s self-control ability did not moderate the intention-behaviour relationship, future research should explore the interaction between goal conflict and self-control further using more objective measures, or in combination with self-regulation strategies such as action and coping planning. Additionally, goal prioritization may be an important factor to consider when investigating the effect of goal conflict on PA and the intention-PA relationship. / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc)

Relatively little research has focused on the positive adjustment of emerging adult adoptees (Palacios & Brodzinsky, 2010). Given the developmental context of emerging adulthood (Arnett, 2000), it is important to select a measure of adjustment that reflects the increased ambiguity seen in this time period. The present study aims to develop and validate a measure of relational competence, or competence in one’s closest relationship regardless of relationship type (i.e., romantic vs. nonromantic). This measure will be created by adapting the Romantic Competence Interview, a measure of romantic competence previously used with emerging adults (Shulman, Davila, & Shachar-Shapira, 2011). Participants included 162 emerging adult adoptees who were recruited as part of a larger longitudinal study (Grotevant, McRoy, Wrobel, & Ayers-Lopez, 2013). Indicators of relational competence were selected from measures of intimacy maturity coded from interviews in which participants discussed their self-identified closest relationship (White, Speisman, Costos, Kelly, & Bartis, 1984). Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the proposed model of relational competence was a good fit to the data and that this model was invariant across relationship type and gender. No differences in relational competence scores were found by relationship type or by gender

Times of transition are laden with ambiguity, and the move from high school to college has an additional component of role changes to add to this uncertainty. In the spring and summer of 2020, this transition was disrupted by the changes brought on by the pandemic, affecting social norms, routines, and overall mental health outcomes. For professionals such as counselors and advisors to be able to provide specialized support, it is important to understand emerging adults' experiences at this time and to identify factors that helped them cope with this transition. Understanding the development of coping strategies has direct implications for both therapy and clinical practice which can work together to provide a higher quality of care for the people affected by the stress of major life transitions. In this study, I used a mixed-methods design to understand the experience of emerging adults who graduated high school during the pandemic, and the relation between tolerance for ambiguity and coping strategies, resilience, and psychological impact. / Master of Science / The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on so many of us here in the United States and abroad. This was a time in which so much of what we considered normal was totally disrupted by all of the changes that the pandemic caused. For my thesis I wanted to look at how the pandemic changed the ways that students who were in high school transitioned and moved on to college. I wanted to know what existing factors such as their ability to handle uncertainty impacted this transition and if it ended up being helpful for them. For this project I looked at how a person's ability to handle uncertainty, called tolerance for ambiguity in this study, impacted students abilities to cope with uncertainty, psychological impact of the pandemic, and resiliency overall.