Municipal unauthorized immigration policy, as an area of study, is underexplored. The literature is in the early stages of development, and little specific theory to guide research exists. To advance this emerging field, my study addresses two questions. First, what unauthorized immigration policies do local governments pursue, under what circumstances, and for what reasons? Second, what explains city-to-city variation in municipal responsiveness to the policy preferences and interests of residents without legal status? The dissertation also presents a typology of municipal responsiveness to unauthorized immigrants, based on my exploratory research. To explain intercity differences in the policy processes and choices of local government, I explore three possible explanations--Hero's (1998) social diversity thesis, urban regime theory, and political culture and policy entrepreneurship. My study engages these theoretical ideas with the findings of a comparative case study of three mid-size, reemerging gateway cities: Sacramento, California; Denver, Colorado; and Portland, Oregon. I explore whether associations between local factors and municipal unauthorized immigration policy emerge in the recent history of the three case cities. Analysis of data gleaned from document study suggests that political culture, as expressed through entrepreneurial political leaders, has been important in shaping regime development and subsequent policy action on unauthorized immigration, while differences in the ethnoracial structure of cities accounts for variation in policy approach.

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Within the essay´s timeframe, Sweden had three years of starvation, large emigration to America and a new Poor Welfare Act. I have found out which groups were granted support and what help they received from the poor welfare in Falun, between the years 1867-1872. In order to receive society´s help, it was important to be the right kind of poor, and that is a working individual who tried his best to support himself and his family, with the exception of those affected by illness or injury. The neighborhood supervisors of the poor welfare reported the distress and needs of the individuals to the poor welfare board, which decided what support should be given. Among the beneficiaries’ women were in the majority over men, and the men who were granted support were all workers. However, there are only the answers to who was granted help, not who was denied, which does not show the actual need. Granted support increased every year within the essay´s timeframe, despite the poor welfare act saying that those who were able to work should not burden the poor welfare. Despite this, the city of Falun granted support to able-bodied individuals who, according to the Poor Welfare Act, had to support themselves

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No / Nigerian health professionals are impacted by several global forces bearing down on them, one of which is the positive economic prospects associated with emigrating to work abroad. This emigration is an aspect of increased global mobility which has had an adverse effect on the Nigerian health economy. This is important globally because countries with the smallest healthcare workforce capacities such as Nigeria have the poorest health outcomes. The emigration of health professionals from Nigeria will continue until domestic structures such as improved healthcare infrastructures, job security, and financial rewards change for the better. Thus, it is important that measures aimed at supporting the Nigerian health workforce be implemented with a focus on building and managing for sustainability within the context of international interdependency. Accordingly, this chapter is aimed at creating a theoretical framework for building capacities and managing the challenges of the Nigerian health workforce vis-à-vis the opportunities offered by globalization.

Call number: LD2668 .T4 1935 M61

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