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Cette thèse s'interroge sur la connaissance de soi émotionnelle, sur sa place ainsi que sa participation à la connaissance de soi, sur la valeur qu'elle a pour les individus ordinaires et sur la manière dont les individus ordinaires peuvent l'obtenir. L'examen de la nature des émotions et de la valeur que les individus accordent à la connaissance de leurs émotions, qui est effectué dans cette thèse, met en avant l'importance de l'acquisition de la connaissance de soi émotionnelle, ainsi que le lien que cette dernière est communément entendue entretenir avec le bonheur. Si l'acquisition de cette connaissance apparaît comme primordiale, elle n'en est pas pour autant facile. Elle requiert le déploiement d'un certain nombre de capacités cognitives, ainsi qu'un effort cognitif important, notamment au cours de l'utilisation de l'introspection. En effet, cette thèse discute exclusivement de l'accès introspectif à la connaissance de soi émotionnelle, et laisse de côté les autres formes d'accès à la connaissance de soi. Je m'interroge donc dans ce travail, sur la portée pratique mais aussi morale de l'utilisation de l'introspection au regard des émotions, en proposant une défense du processus introspectif comme d'un processus capable de permettre à un individu ordinaire de détecter, d'identifier et d'interpréter ses propres émotions. Cette thèse est donc axée autour de deux arguments principaux. Le premier de ces aruments octroie à la connaissance de soi émotionnelle, une place fondamentale au sein de la forme de connaissance de soi qui importe aux individus ordinaires. Le second défend l'idée selon laquelle l'introspection offre un accès à cette connaissance émotionnelle, notamment par le biais de l'appréhension qu'elle permet de la phénoménologie des émotions, et que cet accès a une fiabilité minimale et donc une valeur épistémique, même faible, ainsi qu'une valeur morale et intrinsèque. / This thesis examines emotional self-knowledge, its place as well as its participation in self-knowledge, the value it has for ordinary individuals and how ordinary individuals can obtain it. The examination of the nature of the emotions and the value that individuals place on the knowledge of their emotions, which is carried out in this thesis, highlights the importance of the acquisition of emotional-selfknowledge, as well as the link thet the latter is commonly heard to maintain with happiness. If the acquisition of this knowledge appears to be essential, it is not easy. It requires the unfurling of a number of cognitive abilities, as well as a significant cognitive effort, especially during the use of introspection. Indeed, this thesis exclusively discusses introspective access to emotional self-knowledge, and set aside other forms of access to self-knowledge. In this woek, I therefore question the practical but also moral scope of the use of introspection with regard to emotions, proposing a defense of the introspective process as a process capable of allowing an ordinary individual to detect, to identify and interpret one's own emotions. This thesis is therefore organized around two main arguments. The first of these arguments gives emotional self-knowledge a fundamental place in the form of self-knowledge that matters to ordinary people. The second defends the idea that introspection offers access ti this emotional knowledge, notably through the apprehension that its allows of the phenomenology of emotions, and that this access has a minimum reliability and therefore an epistemic value - even a weak one - as well as a moral and intrinsic value.

La autorregulación emocional es la capacidad inherente de todos los niños y niñas lo cual les permite gestionar, controlar y regular sus respuestas emocionales en las diferentes interacciones sociales a lo largo de sus vidas. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo diseñar un programa de actividades para potenciar la autorregulación emocional en niños de cinco años, para ello se utilizaron métodos de enfoque cuantitativo – no experimental descriptiva – propositiva, teniendo una población de 25 niños y niñas de cinco años a quienes se aplicó una lista de cotejo para medir el nivel de autorregulación emocional que poseían. Tras la problemática encontrada, el 92 % de los niños están en proceso lograr su desarrollo emocional, para ello se elaboró la propuesta denominada AUTEMO KIDS para el fortalecimiento de la autorregulación emocional la cual cuenta con distintas estrategias divertidas y dinámicas. En conclusión, se asevera la importancia de promover la ejecución de aportes orientados atender a niños en edad preescolar y las capacidades del área socioemocional, aspecto que favorece además el logro de competencias en el ámbito cognitivo de los menores. / Emotional self-regulation is the inherent capacity of all boys and girls which allows them to manage, control and regulate their emotional responses in different social interactions throughout their lives. The objective of this research was to design a program of activities to enhance emotional self-regulation in five-year-old children, for which quantitative - nonexperimental, descriptive - purposeful approach methods were used, having a population of 25 five-year-old boys and girls who were A checklist was applied to measure the level of emotional self-regulation they had. After the problem found, 92% of the children are in the process of achieving their emotional development, for which the proposal called AUTEMO KIDS was elaborated for the strengthening of emotional self-regulation which has different fun and dynamic strategies. In conclusion, the importance of promoting the execution of contributions aimed at caring for preschool-age children and the capacities of the socio-emotional area is asserted, an aspect that also favors the achievement of competences in the cognitive field of minors.

The power of abuse, either in childhood or in adulthood, is clear in many cases. Yet certain types of abuse are harder to detect and understand. Emotional invalidation is one type of abuse that is characterized by an incongruence or minimization of another person's emotions. This experimental study explored effects of emotional invalidation and emotional validation on people's level of emotional self-efficacy. Participants (n = 230) were recruited through Quest Mindshare using a survey created through SurveyMonkey, and randomly placed into 3 groups. All participants were given a survey that asked them to choose how certain pictures made them feel. In the experimental groups, experimenter feedback was either validating or invalidating. Following the survey, a measure of emotional self-efficacy was measured through the Emotional Self-Efficacy Scale (ESES). An ANCOVA research design was used in order to determine if differences in participant's ESES scores existed between the 3 groups, while controlling for age. The results revealed that the group receiving the invalidating feedback scored significantly lower than did the control group on the ESES score. This finding supports previous research completed with emotional invalidation and involves an aspect of communication that pertains to many different settings and interpersonal relationships including, but not limited to, teachers and students, family members, and friends. This study also has positive social change implications in the mental health field by illuminating the role of invalidating feedback on emotional self-efficacy, a finding which may inform clinicians' work to bolster mental health in all individuals.

<p>Två studier undersökte hur self-efficacy, individens tro på sin förmåga, inverkar på prosocialt beteende i skolmiljö. I Studie 1 besvarade 121 gymnasieelever en enkät, som mätte akademisk och emotionell self-efficacy samt prosocialt beteende. I Studie 2 besvarade 48 gymnasieelever en enkät, som mätte emotionell self-efficacy och prosocialt beteende. Studie 1 visade att akademisk men inte emotionell self-efficacy korrelerade positivt med prosocialt beteende. I begreppet emotionell self-efficacy finns två känsloreaktioner: själv- och andraorienterade. Studie 1 tog hänsyn enbart till självorienterade reaktioner. Eftersom andraorienterade reaktioner saknades, kan det förklara bristen på samband. I Studie 2 korrelerade emotionell self-efficacy positivt med prosocialt beteende, och andraorienterade känsloreaktioner visade sig ha störst betydelse. Andraorienterad emotionell self-efficacy kan antas vara en kraftfull källa till prosocialt beteende i skolmiljö.</p>

Två studier undersökte hur self-efficacy, individens tro på sin förmåga, inverkar på prosocialt beteende i skolmiljö. I Studie 1 besvarade 121 gymnasieelever en enkät, som mätte akademisk och emotionell self-efficacy samt prosocialt beteende. I Studie 2 besvarade 48 gymnasieelever en enkät, som mätte emotionell self-efficacy och prosocialt beteende. Studie 1 visade att akademisk men inte emotionell self-efficacy korrelerade positivt med prosocialt beteende. I begreppet emotionell self-efficacy finns två känsloreaktioner: själv- och andraorienterade. Studie 1 tog hänsyn enbart till självorienterade reaktioner. Eftersom andraorienterade reaktioner saknades, kan det förklara bristen på samband. I Studie 2 korrelerade emotionell self-efficacy positivt med prosocialt beteende, och andraorienterade känsloreaktioner visade sig ha störst betydelse. Andraorienterad emotionell self-efficacy kan antas vara en kraftfull källa till prosocialt beteende i skolmiljö.

The purpose of the study is to explore the relationship among the employee hostile attributional style, abusive supervision, job engagement and regulatory emotional self-efficacy. The total valid sample consisted of 291 subordinates from Aerospace industrial development, defense technology and system development industry in Taiwan workplace and was analyzed by factor analysis, reliability analysis and hierarchical regression analysis to measure the relationship among the constructs. Research results found that: (1) Subordinates¡¦ hostile attributional style was negatively related to their job engagement and that this effect was stronger when abusive supervision were high. (2) Subordinates¡¦ hostile attribiutional style was positively related to subordinates¡¦ perceptions of abusive supervision and that this effect was attenuated when subordinates were high in perceived self-efficacy in managing anger/irritation.

Given the importance of emotional self-regulation to a child’s ability to develop social competence and prosocial behavior, and the significant role early childhood teachers play in supporting young children’s emotional self-regulation, it is important to explore the concept from the perspective of teachers, or from the socio-cultural context through which they (i.e., teachers) make sense of the world. This study used an exploratory case study methodology to explore the understandings of emotional self-regulation among three Head Start teachers working with varying socio-cultural contexts and to identify the socio-cultural perspectives that influenced their ability to effectively apply their understandings. Findings indicate that while the participants’ definitions of emotional self- regulation were aligned with those that are commonly used in the field, it was their implementation of strategies that diverged, reflecting the influence of learning goals and varying socio-cultural contexts.

Orientador: Sandro Caramaschi / Resumo: Aspectos influenciadores no desenvolvimento humano incluem a interação de fatores ambientais e inatos, como a constituição histórica e biológica do indivíduo, envolvendo compartilhamento de experiências e características individuais nas quais estabelecem e modificam pensamentos, emoções e comportamentos de pessoas e grupos de forma dinâmica. Nesse sentido, as emoções pertenceriam a condições biológicas inatas universais, equivalentes a uma comunicação passível de ser compreendida em qualquer cultura, tendo funções importantes no processo evolutivo. A tristeza, enquanto emoção básica, é uma das mais intensas da vida humana comparada às outras, a qual nem sempre possui aspectos negativos. Desta forma, os objetivos deste trabalho foram identificar e analisar os desencadeadores de tristeza, o interesse dos indivíduos por estímulos com conteúdo triste (música, filmes e notícias), além de testar o modelo preditivo tendo a autoestima, autorregulação emocional e ruminação como preditoras e a tristeza como variável dependente, comparando os resultados entre homens e mulheres. Para responder os objetivos, foram realizados dois estudos: o primeiro, de caráter descritivo e comparativo, e o segundo, de caráter exploratório e comparativo. Os resultados mostraram que a tristeza pode ser desencadeada por diversos fatores, como questões financeiras, trabalho, estudo, relações interpessoais e perdas, se assemelhando com dados de pesquisas realizadas em outras culturas. Ademais, muitos particip... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Influencing aspects of human development include the interaction of environmental and innate factors, such as the individual's historical and biological constitution, involving the sharing of experiences and individual characteristics in which they dynamically establish and modify the thoughts, emotions and behaviors of people and groups. In this way, emotions belong to universal innate biological conditions, equivalent to a communication that can be understood in any culture, having important functions in the evolutionary process. Sadness, as a basic emotion, is one of the most intense in human life compared to others, which does not always have negative aspects. Thus, the objectives of this work were to identify and analyze the triggers of sadness, the interest of individuals in stimuli with sad content (music, films and news), in addition to testing the predictive model with self-esteem, emotional self-regulation and rumination as predictors and sadness as a dependent variable, comparing the results between men and women. To answer the objectives, two studies were carried out: the first, descriptive and comparative, and the second, exploratory and comparative. The results showed that sadness can be triggered by several factors, such as financial issues, work, study, interpersonal relationships and losses, similar to data from research conducted in other cultures. In addition, many participants said they were interested in experiencing stimuli such as sad songs and movies, ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

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