The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the meaning employees attributed to the lived experiences of having been declared in excess in the Gauteng Health Department during restructuring. A qualitative, phenomenological research design was selected as the most appropriate approach in conducting this study. Phenomenology offers both methodological and philosophical perspectives with the aim of developing a greater understanding through description, reflection and awareness of the meaning of having “been declared in excess”. Purposive sampling was implemented. A total of ten (10) female professional nurses participated in the study. Data were collected using one common ontological question that enabled the researcher to gain a greater understanding of what it means to be declared in excess from the participants’ perspective. Data were collected until saturation was reached. Unstructured audio-taped interviews were conducted with study participants. Data were analysed using the method developed by Giorgi (1985). The study highlighted different reactions from different participants despite being exposed to the same experience. / Health Studies / Thesis (D. Litt. et Phil.)

Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2008. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: There has been a dramatic increase in the use of the drug methamphetamine, also known locally as tik, in the Western Cape, specifically in Cape Town. This trend impacts the availability and the quality of labour as well as the productivity of current employees. The presence of tik abuse in the workplace represents both legal and ethical challenges to employers. The Labour Relations Act of 1995 states that employers must ensure a safe working environment for their employees. The actions of tik users tend to increase the risk of injuries at work and the occurrences of workrelated accidents that may harm others. Social responsibility requires employers to operate their business in an honourable manner, to provide good working conditions and to work actively to better the quality of life of the local communities where it operates. This responsibility translates into helping the tik users that they employ. The current relationship between employer and employee regarding tik is marred by conflict and misunderstanding. Employers seem unsure what to do and are unaware of how far-reaching tik abuse is. Tik abuse causes many problems for employees and also for their family and friends. By gathering information in a structured way the study aims to improve the understanding of employers so that they can help and prevent tik-related problems in the future. The study utilized descriptive qualitative research in the form of a questionnaire given to recovering tik users at two treatment centres in Cape Town, SANCA and De Novo. The research ran for about a month and gathered 82 usable questionnaires. Results, along with a literature study, were used to create a framework to guide employers on identifying tik users and on how to deal with them. The framework, the Tik Identification and Intervention Protocol (TIIP), contains criteria to help identify employees that may be using tik. The study showed that many international trends are evident in Cape Town. Approximately 40% of participants indicated that they were absent from work more often than prescribed by labour legislation; 70% of participants experienced that tik affected their ability to perform their duties; 32% of participants admitted that they stole to obtain funding for their drug habit. Some new findings became evident, such as the impact of the family on the participant's decision to go for treatment. The Western Cape's treatment centres are severely hampered by a lack of resources and are incapable at present of dealing with the current flood of patients. While plans are in place to rectify this, it is clear that in the short term at least, employers will have to take up more of the slack. The recovery process for a drug addict takes a long time; experts suggest it may take up to two years. Therefore employers need to be involved and create support programs at work to assist employees in their recovery. Employees can be cured from their dependency on tik, so that they can become healthy and contribute to the community and to their employer. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Daar is 'n dramatiese toename in die voorkoms en gebruik van metaphetamien (plaaslik bekend as tik) in die Wes-Kaap, spesifiek in Kaapstad. Die tendens het 'n impak op die verskaffing en die kwaliteit van beskikbare arbeid, sowel as die produktiwiteit van huidige werknemers. Die voorkoms en gebruik van tik in die werksplek het beide wetlike en etiese uitdagings vir werkgewers. Die Arbeidswet van 1995 verklaar dat die werkgewer daarvoor verantwoordelik is om te verseker dat hul werksplek veilig is vir hul werknemers. Tik gebruikers verhoog die risiko en die voorkoms van werksbeserings en werksongelukke wat ander werknemers ook mag beinvloed. Sosiale verantwoordelikheid vereis van werkgewers om hul besighede op 'n eerbare wyse te bestuur, om goeie werksomstandighede te verseker en 'n aktiewe bedrae te lewer in die plaaslike gemeenskap waar hulle hul ook mag bevind. Die verantwoordelikheid sluit tik gebruikers in. Die huidige verhouding tussen werkgewers en werknemers in verband met die misbruik van tik word gekenmerk deur konflik. Werkgewers blyk onseker te wees ten opsigte van wat hul te doen staan en hoe verreikend die impak van die misbruik van tik mag wees. Die misbruik van tik veroorsaak 'n menigte probleme vir werknemers, sowel as vir hul vriende en families. Hierdie studie poog am deur 'n gestruktureerde wyse informasie te versamel met die doel om die begrip van werkgewers te verbeter, sodat hul tik gebruikers kan help en tik-verwante probleme in die toekoms kan voorkom. Die studie is beskrywend kwalitatief van aard en gebruik 'n vraelys om informasie te versamel by twee behandelingsentrums in Kaapstad, SANCA en De Novo. Die navorsing het vir omtrent 'n maand geduur waarna 82 bruikbare vraelyste ingewin is. Die resultate, sowel as die literatuurstudie wat gedoen is, is gebruik om 'n raamwerk op te stel wat werkgewers kan help om tik gebruikers te identifiseer, sowel as hoe om hulle te ondersteun. Die eerste gedeelte van die raamwerk, die Tik Identifikasie en Ingrypings Protokol (TIIP), bestaan uit kriteria wat gebruik kan word om werknemers te identifiseer wat tik gebruik. Hierdie studie het gewys dat verskeie internasionale tendense sigbaar is in Kaapstad. Ongeveer 40% van die deelnemers het aangewys dat hulle meer as die wetlike hoeveelheid dae afwesig was van die werk, 70% van die deelnemers het erken dat tik hulle vermoe am hul werk behoorlik te kan doen beinvloed het en 32% van die deelnemers het erken dat hulle gesteel het om geld te verkry am tik te koop. Die studie het daarop gedui dat die familie 'n integrale rol gespeel het in die deelnemers se besluit om vir behandeling te gaan. Dit blyk dat die Wes-Kaapse behandelings-hulpbronne ver te kort skiet om die saak te hanteer. Daar is tans planne in plek am die probleem die hoof te bied, maar dit is duidelik dat in die korttermyn, werkgewers 'n groter rol sal moet speel. Die herstelproses is van lange duur, en kenners meen dat dit tot twee jaar mag neem voor tik gebruikers volkome herstel het. Die werkemers het ondersteuning nodig gedurende hierdie moeilike proses. Die studie het bevind dat werknemers herstel en gesond kan word om weer 'n bydrae te kan lewer vir beide die werkgewer en die bree samelewing.

在職場上，員工是組織最有價值的資產，當員工面對家庭、婚姻、休閒、工作等個人或環境壓力時，所產生的心理、情緒的變化會因員工個別抗壓力不同，而有不對紓解壓力的方式，但組織成員若不能有效排解工作上的壓力源，造成其身心受害，甚或產生行為不適症候，不僅對組織是損失，對社會而言，更是莫大的人力和經濟資源的耗損。 員工協助方案 (Employee Assistance Program，簡稱EAP)係指提供員工工作、生活及健康等各方面的服務，希望能協助解決、改善員工各項職場壓力的問題。 我國員工協助方案起源於1970年代，最初是以公益團體與企業主所推動的勞工生活輔導為主。行政院勞工委員會於1992年以「工業社會工作」名稱推廣勞工輔導，嗣於1994年推動「員工協助方案」，並以「員工協助」方式推展勞工服務工作。為進一步落實優質的人事服務，提供公務同仁多樣化的協助性措施，行政院人事行政局於2007年10月訂定「行政院所屬中央機關學校員工協助方案推動計畫」期能建立溫馨關懷的工作環境，提昇行政服務效能。 本研究能藉由探討現階段公部門推行員工協助方案之效益及運作之結果，有以下幾點建議，提供未來公部門推行員工協助方案之參考： ㄧ、員工協助方案是政府提供公務同仁的一項福利措施。 二、修訂「行政院所屬中央機關學校員工協助方案推動計畫」辦理方 式由公務人員住宅福利委員會統一辦理或由主管機關統一訂定 共同供應契約。 三、加強「員工協助方案」宣導，建立同仁正確使用觀念，以免 政府造福公務同仁之美意打折扣。 四、發現公務同仁真正的需求，研擬適合公部門同仁的員工協助方 案。 關鍵字：員工協助方案、心理諮商 / In the job field, employee is the most valuable asset in the organization. When employee has to face with personal or environmental stress such as family, marriage, leisure and work etc., the psychological and emotional change generated will result in different stress release method due to the difference in individual stress resistance strength. However, if the member of the organization cannot effectively eliminate the source of stress in work, this will be harmful to the body and mind or will cause unsuitable behavior symptom. To organization not only this is a loss and in fact this is actually an enormous waste of manpower and economic resource. Employee Assistance Program, abbreviated as EAP refers to provision of various services including work, livelihood and health of employee etc. hoping that this can solve and improve problems of stress in various job fields for employees. The Employee Assistance Program of our country was originated in the 1970s. In the beginning this was mainly based on guidance on labor livelihood by public welfare groups and enterprise owners. In 1992, the Council of Labor Affairs, Executive Yuan popularized labor guidance under the name of 「Industrial Society Work」. Afterwards the 「Employee Assistance Program」 was implemented in 1994 that promoted labor service work in the form of 「Employee Assistance」. In order to practice good quality personnel service, diversified assistance measures were provided to government employees. In October 2007 the Central Personnel Administration, Executive Yuan stipulated the 「Promotion Plan of the Employee Assistance Program for Employees of the Central Authority and Schools, Executive Yuan」 hoping that this could establish a warm and caring work environment and could enhance the administrative service efficiency. According to the study on the benefit and the operation result of the employee assistance program implemented by the public department at the present stage, this research presents the following suggestions so that these can be served as a reference to the public department on implementing the employee assistance program: 1. The Employee Assistance Program is a welfare measure provided to the government employees. 2. The processing method of the 「Promotion Plan of the Employee Assistance Program for the Central Authority and Schools, Executive Yuan」 shall be amended that this shall either be processed by the Government Employee Residence Welfare Committee collectively or the competent authority shall collectively stipulate the common supply contract. 3. Enhance the publicity of the 「Employee Assistance Program」 and establish the correct usage concept of colleagues in order to avoid reduction in the good intention of benefiting government employees. 4. Find out the real requirement of government employees and formulate the employee assistance program that is suitable for employees of government departments. Key word：Employee assistance program, psychological counseling

This study was to determine if the importance assigned by health educators (judges) to components of corporate health promotion programs is the same as or different from program components most frequently offered by corporations for employees. This involved establishing a list of program components that judges felt were important for wellness programs and comparing this list with programs actually existing in polled corporations. A literature review was used to establish an initial list of program components. Thirty-eight judges returned questionnaires incorporating the list. A Spearman's rho and scattergram were used to test for correlations between judges' opinions and corporate practices. The report concludes that no correlation exists but that there is agreement among the judges polled that corporations should promote employee wellness programs.

M.A. / Employee assistance program (EAP) is one service model that are designed to assist troubled employees in the workplace. Its feasibility has been experienced in many different contexts. However, the school is somewhat neglected in this respect, and few EAP’s are known to exist in the school system. This study will contribute to the introduction of EAP’s within the school environment because EAP is perceived as only applicable on the companies and organisations. The goal of the study is to conduct a need assessment of teachers regarding the feasibility of an EAP in the school environment. The objectives of the study is to conduct literature study of EAP models, to develop a questionnaire for data collection, conduct survey on the teachers of the target schools, analyse data and test hypothesis and make recommendations regarding the feasibility of an EAP. The study was conducted with teachers from the low veld region in northern province. 50 teachers have completed a questionnaire. In the results the researcher found that the teacher like any other employee has problems, which can affect their well-being and the school productivity. Most of the secondary teachers have a need for employee assistance programs. / Dr. W. Roestenburg

M.A. / Please refer to full text to view abstract

The purpose of this research was to examine the perceptions of a selected group of retrenched participants from Ford Motors in Gauteng in the Dipaakanyo Social Plan Programme. An evaluative qualitative study utilizing a triangulation of methods was chosen. The findings revealed that the programme led to an understanding of the economic context, acquisition of new skills, and changes in attitude and behaviours. The challenges were the timing, duration, as well as the language and style of facilitation. Recommendations were that the programme form part of an Employee Assistance Programme, develop comprehensive individual development plans and inclusion of spouses.

Thesis (M.A. (Organisational Psychology))--University of the Witwatersrand, Faculty of Humanities, School of Human and Community Development, 2016. / The purpose of this study was to explore cashiers’ and management’s perceptions of the usefulness of a company-provided employee assistance programme (EAP) with particular reference to wellness counselling. This study focused specifically on the four principles governing EAPs, namely; confidentiality, referral system, helping process and handling of outcome. Fifteen participants were recruited for this study from a cash centre of a financial institution in Johannesburg. There were ten males and five females. A qualitative methodology was used to collect and analyse data. The instruments used to collect data were two participant-generated text schedules, one for cashiers and the other for managers. Data were analysed using thematic content analysis. The results of the study showed that both employees and management found the EAP useful in the workplace. The direction for future research in South Africa could focus on conducting a longitudinal study to evaluate the impact and effectiveness of wellness counselling / MT2017

ABSTRACT The negative impacts of trauma on clients are well known. However, the negative impact of working with traumatized clients on the counselor or helper has received less attention in the literature. Similarly, the contributions of certain work environments to experiences of compassion fatigue and the role of personality characteristics have gone unnoticed, especially in the South African context. The aim of this research is to examine the relationships between compassion fatigue, sense of coherence and work environment variables (job control, workload and collegial support), and to determine whether sense of coherence moderates the relationship between work environment and compassion fatigue on a sample of Employee Assistance Programme (EAP) practitioners in the South African organisational context (both public and private sectors). The current study adopted a non-experimental research design, categorised as cross-sectional and correlational. A non-probability sampling procedure was utilised. A sample of ninety-nine (99) EAP practitioners was obtained. A 10-items Job Control Scale (Wall, Jackson and Mullarkey, 1995), Workload and Collegial Support Scale by Dewe (1987) 11-items each, a 30- items Compassion Fatigue Self-Test Scale (Figley, 1995), and 13-items Orientation to Life Questionnaire (QLQ-13/SOC-13) by Antonovsky (1987; 1993) were administered. Results indicate that the sample in the current study were at higher risk of experiencing compassion fatigue. There was a positive significant relationship between workload, collegial support and compassion fatigue, a negative insignificant correlation between job control and compassion fatigue, and positive insignificant relationship between sense of coherence and compassion fatigue. The results between sense of coherence and the work environment variables were insignificant. Finally, sense of coherence was only found to moderate the relationship between workload and compassion fatigue and the relationship between collegial support and compassion fatigue.

Thesis (M.A.) (Social Work) --University of Limpopo, 2007. / An evaluation of Employee Assistance Programme is pivotal in any department or enterprise. An EAP must be evaluated to justify its existence to external authorities, to ascertain the extent to which the programme is fulfilling its objectives and to find ways to improve its performance. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the EAP within the Department of Public Works in Vhembe District specifically focusing on the employees’ awareness of the programme, its utilization, as well as programme adequacy. A quantitative approach was used in this study. Eighty six (86) employees from various levels in the Department were selected to participate in the study using a systemic random sampling in which every tenth person from the sampling frame was selected. Summary of the main findings The following is a summary of major findings from the study: 􀂃 The majority of the employees were aware of EAP within the Department of Public Works through meetings. 􀂃 The Employee Assistance Programme within the Department of Public Works was viewed as accessible by the majority of employees. 􀂃 The utilization rate of EAP within the Department of Public Works in Vhembe District was low, since only 29% of employees indicated that they had utilized the services before. 􀂃 The employees who had utilized the EAP were mainly referred by their supervisors while some referred themselves. Only ten percent (10%) of supervisors/managers indicated that they had referred employees to the EAP. The referral rate of employees to the EAP by supervisors/managers was low. 􀂃 EAP was viewed as confidential by the majority of employees within the Department and the level of employees’ trust to the EAP staff was high. v 􀂃 The majority of employees were not aware of the EAP policy and they had never participated in policy formulation. 􀂃 Most employees within the Department indicated that the EAP was addressing their personal problems, and the programme was viewed as useful (programme adequacy). 􀂃 The majority of employees were satisfied with the EAP within the Department of Public Works in Vhembe. 􀂃 Most employees identified a need for EAP staff to inform all employees within the Department about its services and to visit the Cost Centres frequently. / Not available