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Perceptions of small medium and micro enterprises (SMMEs) on resources required to influence involvement and participation in preferential procurementMagagane, Lebogang Elsie 16 March 2013 (has links)
The preferential procurement policy objective of granting SMMEs preference in the allocation of government contracts is to guarantee a level playing field by granting access to the market. Yet, it is unclear what the current position of SMMEs is in participating in preferential procurement. SMMEs face obstacles that arise from inadequate resources availability in participating in preferential procurement. The purpose of this research report is primarily to explore the perceptions of the owner/and manager of SMMEs regarding significant resources that are required to influence involvement and participation in preferential procurement. Furthermore, to also explore the impact of participation in preferential procurement on employment generation.This descriptive quantitative research looks at a sample of 100 SMMEs from Gauteng that have been involved in preferential procurement at least once within a period of three years to date of participation in this study.The self administered web-based questionnaire was used to investigate perception of SMMEs on significance of resources that influence involvement and participation in preferential procurement and how their participation impacted employment generation.The results of the study indicated that SMMEs perceive administrative and supply capacity resources as the most significant resources to participate successfully. It further provided evidence of positive impact participation has on SMMEs growth in relation to employment generation.In contrast, the findings suggest that information resource is the least significant resource required to participate in preferential procurement. Lastly the results suggested that micro enterprises place less significance on supply capacity resource. / Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS) / unrestricted
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R& / d Support, Innovation And Employment Generation: The Turkish ExperienceUcdogruk, Yesim 01 September 2005 (has links) (PDF)
This thesis assesses how technology policy, R& / D activities and innovativeness interact to yield higher economic performance in Turkish manufacturing industries. The first aim of this thesis is to analyze the role of R& / D support programs as one of the instruments of technology policy on the demand for researchers. We evaluated the impact of R& / D support receiving on the demand for researchers by estimating a two stage treatment effect model that solves the problem of selection bias and found that receiving R& / D support encourages firms to demand more researchers. The second aim of this thesis is to analyze the determinants of generating product and process innovations. We evaluated the determinants of generating product and process innovations by estimating a bivariate probit model and found that the determinants of generating product and process innovations were related but they varied with the technological level and opportunity of the industry. The last aim of this thesis is to analyze the effect of product and process innovations on employment. We hypothesized that these two types of innovations have different impacts on employment and test this hypothesis by estimating two different econometric models: the first one is a treatment effect model controlling for the endogeneity of innovations and the second one is a selection model that controls for survival status of the firm. We found that the impact of product innovations on the employment growth rate is negative and the impact of process innovations on the employment growth rate is positive regardless of technology level of industries.
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The European debate on flexisecurity: some lessons for the South / El debate europeo sobre la flexiseguridad: algunas lecciones para el surVidal Bermúdez, Álvaro 10 April 2018 (has links)
The present article analyzes the emergence and evolution of flexisecurity strategy in the European context, different conceptualizations, their effects regarding the protective function of labor law and lessons that can be extracted from previous experiences in Latin America and particularly Peru concerning the subordination of social and labor policies on the policies of employment generation. / El presente artículo analiza el surgimiento y evolución de la estrategia de flexiseguridad en el contexto europeo, sus distintas conceptualizaciones, sus efectos respecto de la función protectora del derecho laboral y las lecciones que se pueden extraer de experiencias previas para Latinoamérica y en particular para el Perú respecto de la subordinación de las políticas socio-laborales a las políticas de generación de empleo
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De vulneráveis a empreendedoras : os limites da promoção da autonomia econômica das mulheres no Brasil / From vulnerable to enterpreneurial : the limits of promoting women's economic autonomy in BrazilGonzalez, Débora de Fina, 1985- 09 February 2013 (has links)
Orientador: Marcia de Paula Leite / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-23T20:34:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo apreender os avanços e limites dos programas de geração de trabalho e renda para as mulheres no Brasil, desenvolvidos ao longo da última década a partir da Secretaria Nacional de Políticas para as Mulheres, em âmbito nacional, e da Secretaria de Políticas para as Mulheres de Pernambuco, no nível estadual. Tendo em vista o recente processo de abertura à absorção de demandas históricas dos movimentos feministas e de mulheres nos discursos institucionais e na elaboração de políticas públicas por meio destes organismos, a pesquisa propõe analisar em que medida a abertura estatal à participação destes movimentos sociais têm influenciado na elaboração e aplicação de ações e políticas públicas no contexto nacional e, ainda, de que forma os programas desenvolvidos nesta conjuntura têm se concretizado enquanto medidas efetivas de promoção dos direitos das mulheres e de combate às desigualdades de gênero no país. A análise das ações voltadas à promoção da autonomia econômica das mulheres revelou profundas distâncias entre as propostas, discursos e práticas políticas, evidenciando a fragilidade dos modelos e das estratégias adotadas no âmbito de geração de trabalho e renda para as mulheres e os inúmeros desafios e entraves ao processo de consolidação da perspectiva de gênero nas políticas públicas no Brasil. / Abstract: This research aims to apprehend the advances and constrains of the state programs to generate employment and income for women in Brazil, developed throughout the last decade, by the National Secretariat of Public Policies for Women, at the national level, and the Women's Secretariat of Pernambuco, at the local level. Considering the recent process of openness and absorption of historical feminist and women's movements demands at the institutional discourse and policy-making through these organisms, this research aims to analyze to what extent the state opening to the participation of these social movements have been influenced the formulation and implementation of public policies at the national context, and also how the programs developed in this conjuncture have been realized as effective measures to promote women's rights and combat gender inequalities. The analysis of the actions aimed to promote women's economic autonomy reflect deep distances among proposals, speeches and political practices, highlighting the fragility of the models and strategies adopted within this framework and the challenges and barriers to consolidate gender perspective at public policies in Brazil. / Mestrado / Ciencias Sociais na Educação / Mestra em Educação
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A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the department of economics, university of the Western CapeNtibanyurwa, Agnes 12 1900 (has links)
Philosophiae Doctor - PhD / The income and employment multiplier effects of tourism- The case of
Rwanda. A. NTIBANYURWA PhD Thesis, Department of Economics, University of the Western Cape. The growing popularity of developing countries as tourist destinations in recent years has stimulated a considerable body of research on the developmental benefits inherent in tourism. Developing countries have been attracting tourists mainly due to their natural resource endowments, considered a vital determinant in this newly-found source of their comparative advantage. After accounting for all the explicit and hidden costs linked to this natural resource-based tourism, the sustainable expansion of the tourism sector is claimed to be contributing substantially to economic growth. Studies to date have investigated the rising share of tourism in macroeconomic output, but have paid limited attention to the economic mechanisms through which tourism supposedly leads to broader development. This study seeks to contribute to filling this gap in our knowledge of the economic dynamics associated with tourism. More specifically, the goal is to shed light on the channels through which tourism contributes to economic growth and to derive tourism income and employment multipliers to estimate its developmental benefits for Rwanda. Our refined multipliers to capture the total effects of tourism to the economy confirm that through its powerful inter-sectoral linkages, tourism improves the economic wealth of many developing countries including Rwanda. Deeper analysis of the macroeconomic consequences of the expansion of the service sector however suggests that, under some conditions, this could exhibit “Dutch Disease” effects. Tourism generates substantial foreign earnings and its development is strongly correlated with the shrinkage of the traditional primary
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A inserção do município de São Lourenço da Serra na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo: um estudo da geração de emprego e renda em uma área de proteção aos mananciaisCarrilho, Clécio José 25 May 2009 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2009-05-25 / Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo / The objective of this dissertation is to understand the path in the formation of the São Lourenço da Serra municipality, within the establishment of the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo (RMSP), administrative portion of São Paulo state, which binds the municipal. The research initially debates the historical constitution of São Lourenço da Serra, from the firmament of Indian villages, later as jesuistic environment responsible for Christian teaching and composition of the region. In view of this historical approach, it identifies local portions close to São Paulo, among them Embu, Itapecerica and Santo Amaro da Serra, which in holding religious character, it had important role in responding to the consolidation of the southwest portion RMSP, thus providing the dynamism that would make enable the emergence of important villages (towns), and then turned up politically emancipated areas. However, the Brazilian industrial growth ensures the formation of its territory and brings to the country's urban economic context, changes never assisted. The establishment of a region economically stronger would be constituted from a disorderly environment and with the incorporation of industry in economic activities in the country, would emerge distinct industrial clusters, blurring the São Paulo power. The RMSP decreases and aims other areas of expansion along the road warehouses; however, the population benefits from an insufficient purchasing power faced to the enrichment of the constituted metropolis, spread along the more remote portions of central cities. Indeed, emerge within the territory areas with low life quality, absent of the minimum sanitation conditions, employment and housing. As other areas of RMSP, São Lourenço da Serra is an example to be investigated, mainly because it was the last city emancipated that would belong to RMSP; in addition to present high growth rates when compared to the context of the metropolis and municipals with large economic potential. Thus, as the population rises, are exacerbate the social dilemmas, and part of these conflicts emerge of understanding of actors developers to generate income and employment. However, being inserted in the Water Protection Area (APM), among other specific laws to environmental preservation, conduct São Lourenço da Serra there are restrictions on the use and occupation of its soil, inhibiting the presence of certain economic activities generators of employment and income, promoters of the improvement of social dilemmas.Therefore, in addition to investigate the formation of the MRSP context, and the southwestern portion and the municipal, we establish in this research a report on the urban sprawl of São Lourenço da Serra, faced to of its inclusion within an area legally established, and therefore we define the issues conducted both by the government and society in regard to seek income and employment. Into the light of sustainability, we recognize the measures used and/or viable which can counterbalance the effective occupancy, growth and income for the maintenance and economic survival of the municipal / O objetivo dessa dissertação é compreender o caminho percorrido na constituição do município de São Lourenço da Serra, dentro do estabelecimento da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo (RMSP), porção administrativa do estado de São Paulo, ao qual município se vincula. A pesquisa inicialmente debate a constituição histórica de São Lourenço da Serra, a partir do firmamento dos aldeamentos indígenas e, posteriormente como ambiente jesuístico responsável pela catequização e composição da região. Na perspectiva dessa abordagem histórica, identifica-se porções territoriais próximas a São Paulo, entre as quais, Embu, Itapecerica da Serra e Santo Amaro, que, por deterem essa característica religiosa, tiveram papel preponderantes no que responde a consolidação da porção sudoeste da RMSP, e, conseqüentemente ofereceria o dinamismo que permitiria o surgimento de importantes aldeamentos (vilas), e logo em seguida converteriam-se em áreas politicamente emancipadas. Porém, a ascensão industrial brasileira, garantiria a formação de seu território, e traria ao contexto econômico urbano do país, alterações jamais assistidas. O estabelecimento de uma região economicamente fortalecida constituiria, também, de um ambiente desordenado, e á medida da incorporação da indústria nas atividades econômicas do país, emergiriam distintos pólos industriais, desfocando o poderio paulistano. A RMSP decresce, e busca outras áreas de expansão ao longo dos entrepostos rodoviários, no entanto, a população usufruindo de um poder aquisitivo insuficiente, face ao enriquecimento da metrópole constituída, espalha-se ao longo das porções mais distantes da centralidade urbana. Efetivamente, emergem, dentro do território, espaços com baixa qualidade de vida, ausentes das condições mínimas de saneamento, empregabilidade e moradia. E, como outras áreas da RMSP, São Lourenço da Serra constitui um exemplo a ser investigado, principalmente por ter sido o último município emancipado que viria a pertencer a RMSP, e além de apresentar indicadores de crescimento elevados, quando comparado a ao contexto da metrópole e de municípios com grande potencial econômico. Assim, á medida que a população residente se eleva os dilemas sociais se agravam, e parcela desses conflitos emerge da compreensão dos agentes promotores de geração de renda e emprego. Entretanto, por estar inserido em Área de Proteção aos Mananciais (APM), dentre outras leis especificas de preservação ambiental, conduzem o São Lourenço da Serra, há restrições quanto aos usos e ocupação de seu solo, inibindo a presença de certas atividades econômicas, geradoras de emprego e renda, e que promoverão a melhoria dos dilemas sociais. Portanto, além de investigar o contexto da formação da RMSP, da porção sudoeste e do município, institui-se nessa pesquisa, um relato a respeito da expansão urbana de São Lourenço da Serra, em face de sua inserção dentro de uma área legalmente instituída, e, por conseguinte, definir os aspectos conduzidos tanto pelo Poder Público, quanto pela sociedade, no que diz respeito a buscar renda e emprego. E á luz da sustentabilidade, reconhecer as medidas utilizadas e/ou viáveis que possam contrabalançar a efetiva ocupação, o crescimento e a renda para a manutenção e sobrevivência econômica do município
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An overview of the cultural tourism sector of Greater Polokwane: challenges and prospectsMohale, Daniel Matome 12 1900 (has links)
Cultural tourism is a fast-growing sector in many countries. In South Africa, it is a key growth segment of local economic development (LED). South Africa is home to many cultural institutions such as museums, art galleries, theatres, monuments and festivals that – thanks to a growing number of international and local interests – encourage entrepreneurship and help generate local business growth and employment opportunities. South Africa’s Limpopo Province is predominately known for its wildlife and hunting tourism. However, it is endowed with many cultural institutions that are contributing significantly to the regional economy – specifically in the metropole of Greater Polokwane. As yet, no study has researched the size and impact of this cultural contribution on the local economy vis a vis more well-known tourism activities. This study sketches the size and nature of the cultural tourism industry in Greater Polokwane. In the first phase of the study, a database of formal cultural institutions in Greater Polokwane was created. In the study’s second phase, interviews with staff members of these institutions using both quantitative and qualitative methods, were conducted. The data revealed that most employees, including senior managerial staff, are local Black Africans. None of these cultural institutions are state funded; they all operate privately, but some are located on state-owned land. Thus, government support for cultural tourism in this region is minimal. Insufficient funds and resources inhibit the growth of this sector. Some employees expressed dissatisfaction with their working conditions and remuneration. Nonetheless, these cultural institutions generate local economic growth and employment opportunities. / Environmental Sciences / M. Sc. (Environmental Management
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