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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Εξοικονόμηση ενέργειας σε κτιριακές εφαρμογές

Κόμπου, Ηλέκτρα, Τσάκωνα, Ευανθία 31 May 2012 (has links)
Η εξοικονόμηση ενέργειας αποτελεί τον βασικότερο πυλώνα της ενεργειακής πολιτικής κάθε χώρας. Ο κτιριακός τόμέας καταναλώνει ένα αρκετα μεγάλο ποσοστό της συνολικής απιτούμενης ενέργειας σύμφωνα με την Ευρωπαική Ένωση γι'αυτό μελετάμε σε πρώτο στάδιο την ενεργειακή κατανάλωση ενός κτιρίου σύμφωνα με μια κοινά αποδεκτή μεθοδολογία προερχόμενη από την Ευρωπαική Επιτροπή (CEN), η οποία στηρίζεται σε επιστημονικά δεδομένα και στατιστικές μελέτες για να προσεγγίζει ένα βέλτιστο αποτέλεσμα. Επιπλέον, μελετάμε πως συμβάλλει ο τύπος κτιρίου, οι κλιματολικές συνθήκες της περιοχής όπως και τα συστήματα θέρμανσης-ψύξης, φωτισμού και ζεστού νερού χρήσης στην κατανάλωση ενέργειας του κτιρίου. Τέλος δημιουργήσαμε ένα πρόγραμμα όπου με αντικατάσταση των συστημάτων που αναφέραμε παρουσιάζεται (και σε γραφικό περιβάλλον) τόσο η ενεργειακή εξοικονόμηση όσο και η εξοικονόμηση χρημάτων. / This diploma thesis focuses on the consumption of buildings, becayse an ever icreasing persentage of total energy is required to cover domestic needs. Firstly,we calculate the energy requirements of a building according to a common methodology derived from the European Commission (CEN),with which we have an otimal result becase it is based on scientific thought and statistics.Moreover, the energy that is finally consumed depends on the type of building, the climatic conditions of the area and the heating, cooling, lighting and water-heating systems that are used.The research, on how all the above, contribute to the energy consumption, as well as the possibility of the comparison if the above systems are replaced with more economical ones, were the reasons to create a program(including grafic interface).
2

Konflikten mellan bevarandekrav och tilläggsisolering : The conflict between conservation requirements and additional insulation

Wickström, Maria, Zahharov, Taimi January 2013 (has links)
Sweden has formulated ambitious energy goals which signify that by year 2050 the energy usage should be halved. One of the objectives is the reduction of energy usage by 20% by year 2020 and that it should be compared to the usage of energy from 1995. In parallel with increased energy requirements for buildings the demand on housing conservation, by highlighting also buildings from the last 50 years as part of the building heritage, continues to enhance, which in theory means that there is a conflict between these. The law will never be able to point out unique buildings and PBL (planning and building act) is not especially concrete. The National Housing Board has tried to make this more concrete by the new BBR regulations though there are still an enormous variety of interpretations. This report deals with the conflict between conservation requirements and additional insulation of the building envelope and is limited to multi-residential buildings built between the years 1945 and 1975. It is the stock with the greatest energy consumption and that is where the big challenge lies. The question is whether in practice it is no conflict between conservation requirements and additional insulation of the building envelope and what it in this case depends. With the support of background facts, interview questions were formulated for different participants. By interviews with property-owners, municipalities and other partners it has been shown that the creation of zoning determines whether a property has been preserved. In municipalities with a metropolitan character the interest in conservation issues are the greatest and Stockholm municipality distinguishes itself, providing significant space in regards to this subject. The smaller municipalities do not believe in that the preservation of our multi-residential buildings are central but that there lies a greater problem in areal density and that eventually great portions of the genuine country will disappear. Only in isolated cases, conservation requirements became an obstacle in performing façade renovations. Property owners are interested in the conservation issue; however, it must be weighed against the economic condition and therefore is it in sight of what is a good conservation. / Sverige har formulerat ambitiösa energimål som innebär att till år 2050 ska energianvändningen halveras, där ett delmål är minskning med 20 % till år 2020 och det ska jämföras med energianvändningen från år 1995. Parallellt med ökade energikrav för byggnader ställs det även allt högre krav på husens bevarande, vilket teoretiskt innebär att det ligger en konflikt mellan dessa. Lagen kommer aldrig att kunna peka ut unika byggnader och PBL (plan- och bygglagen) är inte särskilt konkret. Nu har Boverket försökt konkretisera genom nya BBR reglerna, men det finns ändå oerhört mycket plats för tolkningar. Denna rapport behandlar konflikten mellan bevarandekrav och tilläggsisolering av klimatskalet och är begränsad till flerbostadshus byggda mellan åren 1945 och 1975. Det är det bestånd som har störst energiåtgång och det är där den stora utmaningen ligger. Frågan är om det i praktiken ligger någon konflikt mellan bevarandekrav och tilläggsisolering av klimatskalet och vad den i så fall beror på? Med stöd av bakgrundsfakta har intervjufrågor formulerats till olika aktörer. I intervjuer med fastighetsägare, kommuner och övriga parter har det visat sig att utformningen av detaljplanen är avgörande för om en fastighet kan bevaras. I kommuner med storstadskaraktär är intresset för bevarandefrågorna störst och Stockholms kommun utmärker sig, där dessa frågor getts störst utrymme. De mindre kommunerna anser inte att bevarandet av våra flerbostadshus är centralt utan där är det ett större problem att områdena förtätas och att på sikt stora delar av den genuina landsbygden kommer att försvinna. Endast i enstaka fall har bevarandekraven blivit ett hinder för att utföra fasadrenoveringar. Fastighetsägare är intresserade för bevarande frågan men detta måste vägas mot ekonomiska förutsättningar och därför skiljer det i synen om vad som är ett gott bevarande

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