Nesta tese de doutorado apresentamos um estudo sobre o comportamento de diversos sistemas irrevers?veis, caracterizados pela existencia de estados absorventes, atraves de abordagens distintas. Utilizamos aproximacoes de campo medio dinamico, simulacoes numericas usuais, mudanca de ensemble e expanso em serie. Alem disso, mostramos numa parte deste trabalho que a abordagem proposta para o estudo de sistemas irrevers?veis no ensemble em que o numero de part?culas e constante tambem pode ser estendida para sistemas em equil´?brio termodinamico, descrito pela distribuicao de probabilidades de Gibbs. Finalmente mostramos problemas em aberto para trabalhos futuros. / In this PHD thesis, we have presented a study about several nonequilibrium systems with absorbing states by means of different approaches, such as mean-field analysis, usual numerical simulations, analysis in another ensemble and perturbative series expansions. In a specific part of this thesis, we have shown that the approach proposed here for describing nonequilibrium systems in the constant particle number ensemble can also be used to caracterize equilibrium systems, described by Gibbs probability distribution. Finally, we have shown open problems for future researchs.

Em diversos domínios, além das informações sobre os objetos ou entidades que os compõem, existem, também, informaçõoes a respeito das relações entre esses objetos. Alguns desses domínios são, por exemplo, as redes de co-autoria, e as páginas Web. Nesse sentido, é natural procurar por técnicas de classificação que levem em conta estas informações. Dentre essas técnicas estão as denominadas classificação baseada em grafos, que visam classificar os exemplos levando em conta as relações existentes entre eles. Este trabalho aborda o desenvolvimento de métodos para melhorar o desempenho de classificadores baseados em grafos utilizando estratégias de ensembles. Um classificador ensemble considera um conjunto de classificadores cujas predições individuais são combinadas de alguma forma. Este classificador normalmente apresenta um melhor desempenho do que seus classificadores individualmente. Assim, foram desenvolvidas três técnicas: a primeira para dados originalmente no formato proposicional e transformados para formato relacional baseado em grafo e a segunda e terceira para dados originalmente já no formato de grafo. A primeira técnica, inspirada no algoritmo de boosting, originou o algoritmo KNN Adaptativo Baseado em Grafos (A-KNN). A segunda ténica, inspirada no algoritmo de Bagging originou trê abordagens de Bagging Baseado em Grafos (BG). Finalmente, a terceira técnica, inspirada no algoritmo de Cross-Validated Committees, originou o Cross-Validated Committees Baseado em Grafos (CVCG). Os experimentos foram realizados em 38 conjuntos de dados, sendo 22 conjuntos proposicionais e 16 conjuntos no formato relacional. Na avaliação foi utilizado o esquema de 10-fold stratified cross-validation e para determinar diferenças estatísticas entre classificadores foi utilizado o método proposto por Demsar (2006). Em relação aos resultados, as três técnicas melhoraram ou mantiveram o desempenho dos classificadores bases. Concluindo, ensembles aplicados em classificadores baseados em grafos apresentam bons resultados no desempenho destes / In many fields, besides information about the objects or entities that compose them, there is also information about the relationships between objects. Some of these fields are, for example, co-authorship networks and Web pages. Therefore, it is natural to search for classification techniques that take into account this information. Among these techniques are the so-called graphbased classification, which seek to classify examples taking into account the relationships between them. This paper presents the development of methods to improve the performance of graph-based classifiers by using strategies of ensembles. An ensemble classifier considers a set of classifiers whose individual predictions are combined in some way. This combined classifier usually performs better than its individual classifiers. Three techniques have been developed: the first applied for originally propositional data transformed to relational format based on graphs and the second and the third applied for data originally in graph format. The first technique, inspired by the boosting algorithm originated the Adaptive Graph-Based K-Nearest Neighbor (A-KNN). The second technique, inspired by the bagging algorithm led to three approaches of Graph-Based Bagging (BG). Finally the third technique, inspired by the Cross- Validated Committees algorithm led to the Graph-Based Cross-Validated Committees (CVCG). The experiments were performed on 38 data sets, 22 datasets in propositional format and 16 in relational format. Evaluation was performed using the scheme of 10-fold stratified cross-validation and to determine statistical differences between the classifiers it was used the method proposed by Demsar (2006). Regarding the results, these three techniques improved or at least maintain the performance of the base classifiers. In conclusion, ensembles applied to graph-based classifiers have good results in the performance of them

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Crescent City Tableaux is an original omposition in three movements for wind ensemble that portrays aspects of the city of New Orleans. The fifteen-­‐minute composition uses musical quotation and jazz-­‐influenced styles within an essentially tonal idiom to create a musical tribute to that city. The first movement, “Jackson Square,” introduces melodic and rhythmic motives and sets the tone for the rest of the piece. The second movement, “‘I understand that somewhere it has rained,’” addresses the sadness and anger caused by Hurricane Katrina. The thirdmovement, “Second Line,” celebrates the brass band and Mardi Gras Indian traditions of New Orleans. The accompanying document provides a review of relevant literature for the wind ensemble and symphony band, an analysis of Donald Grantham’s J’ai été au bal and the third movement of Michael Daugherty’s Lost Vegas, and a discussion of the music that is quoted in the work. Analytical essays on each of the three movements discuss structural features, motivic processes, and compositional techniques. / School of Music

Cette thèse s’intéresse principalement à l’existence et à la régularité desensembles minimaux. On commence par montrer, dans le chapitre 3, que le problème de Plateau étudié par Reifenberg admet au moins une solution. C’est-à-dire que, si l’onse donne un ensemble compact B⊂R^n et un sous-groupe L du groupe d’homologie de Čech H_(d-1) (B;G) de dimension (d-1) sur un groupe abelien G, on montre qu’il existe un ensemble compact E⊃B tel que L est contenu dans le noyau de l’homomorphisme H_(d-1) (B;G)→H_(d-1) (E;G) induit par l’application d’inclusion B→E, et pour lequel la mesure de Hausdorff H^d (E∖B) est minimale (sous ces contraintes). Ensuite, on montre au chapitre 4, que pour tout ensemble presque minimal glissant E de dimension 2, dans un domaine régulier Σ ressemblant localement à un demi espace, associé à la frontière glissante ∂Σ, et tel que E⊃∂Σ, il se trouve qu’à la frontière E est localement équivalent, par un homéomorphisme biHöldérien qui préserve la frontière, à un cône minimal glissant contenu dans un demi plan Ω, avec frontière glissante ∂Ω. De plus les seuls cônes minimaux possibles dans ce cas sont ∂Ω seul, ou son union avec un cône de type P_+ ou Y_+. / This thesis focuses on the existence and regularity of minimal sets. First we show, in Chapter 3, that there exists (at least) a minimizerfor Reifenberg Plateau problems. That is, Given a compact set B⊂R^n, and a subgroup L of the Čech homology group H_(d-1) (B;G) of dimension (d-1)over an abelian group G, we will show that there exists a compact set E⊃B such that L is contained in the kernel of the homomorphism H_(d-1) (B;G)→H_(d-1) (E;G) induced by the natural inclusion map B→E, and such that the Hausdorff measure H^d (E∖B) is minimal under these constraints. Next we will show, in Chapter 4, that if E is a sliding almost minimal set of dimension 2, in a smooth domain Σ that looks locally like a half space, and with sliding boundary , and if in addition E⊃∂Σ, then, near every point of the boundary ∂Σ, E is locally biHölder equivalent to a sliding minimal cone (in a half space Ω, and with sliding boundary ∂Ω). In addition the only possible sliding minimal cones in this case are ∂Ω or the union of ∂Ω with a cone of type P_+ or Y_+.

L'objet de cette thèse est l'étude de la complexité topologique de fonctions omega-rationnelles : fonctions de mots infinis dont le graphe est reconnaissable par automate fini. Le cadre de notre étude est celui de la hiérarchie des boréliens et des classes de Baire. On remarque tout d'abord que ces fonctions sont au plus de classe 2. Christophe Prieur a montré que le problème de la continuité est décidable. Nous avons montré qu'être de classe 1 est aussi décidable dans le cas synchrone en adaptant un résultat de Sierpinski portant sur les sur et sous-graphes à notre contexte. Notre attention s'est ensuite portée aux points de continuité de telles fonctions. Un résultat de Baire dit qu'une fonction n'est pas de classe 1 si et seulement si il existe un fermé non vide sur lequel la fonction n'admet aucun point de continuité. Nous prouvons une version automate de ce théorème : Une fonction omega-rationnelle n'est pas de classe 1 si et seulement si il existe un fermé non vide reconnaissable par un automate de Büchi tel que la restriction de la fonction à ce fermé n'ait aucun point de continuité. Ce résultat est prouvé en utilisant la dérivation de Hausdorff qui s'arrête au bout d'un nombre fini d'étapes sur les langages omega-rationnels Ce travail s'est conclu par l'étude des orbites des fonctions réelles définissables en base Pisot par des transducteurs synchrones. L'ordre de Sarkovski permet de classifier les ordres des orbites périodiques des fonction réelles continues. Le résultat principal obtenu est la décidabilité pour tout entier n de l'existence d'orbites périodiques de cardinalité n et par suite de toute cardinalité inférieure dans l'ordre de Sarkovski.

Thèse (D. Mus)--Université de Montréal, 1996. / Ptie 1 : pour 28 interprètes en mouvement ; ptie 2 : pour 2 Ondes Martenot, 2 violons, alto, violoncelle, contrebasse, 2 trombones ; ptie 3 : pour 2 hautbois, 4 altos, 3 cors, 2 tubas, percussion électronique ; ptie 4 : pour 4 cors, 4 trompettes, 2 trombones, 2 tubas, percussion ; ptie 5 : pour orchestre avec interventions de sons humains sur bande magnétique. À la bibl. de musique, les cassettes sonores sont au COMPTOIR à la cote : CAS 00269 ptie 1-5 ; la vidéocassette est au fonds MEDIA à la cote : RVI4926. La vidéocassette comprend, avec EN TON N ER RE (S), trois autres œuvres qui constituent Musiques en espace sacré / par le collectif Espaces sonores illimités : La Quête, TABU (comme un territoire sacré) et Ex puls(i)on(s). "Thèse présentée à la Faculté des études supérieures en vue de l'obtention du grade de Docteur en musique (D. Mus.) option composition." Version électronique également disponible sur Internet.

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<p>Avhandling för teknologie doktorsexamen i datavetenskap, som kommer att försvaras offentligt tisdagen den 11 mars 2014 kl. 13.15, M404, Högskolan i Borås. Opponent: docent Niklas Lavesson, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Karlskrona.</p>

Thesis (MMus (Music))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009. / Community music is at the innermost heart of any music society, yet its generally informal training structures have rendered it somehow second-class in the general view. South Africa‟s formal education structures have tended to favour the elite at the cost of those who are historically deprived, a pattern which developed centuries before the advent of legal Apartheid. This lack of official favour may be the source of the intensity of community music development in the Western Cape, a locus of cultural and ethnic diversity remarkable even in South Africa. Brass instruments, with their inherent portability and relative affordability, have been at the heart of much church music in the past two hundred years. For the Salvationists, the brass band has long been the „peripatetic organ‟ for use at services indoors or outdoors. For the German-related churches, the Posaunenchor, now a brass choir, fulfils many of the same functions. These and other informal structures like them tend to reproduce themselves by means of „apprenticeship‟ of novitiate players to experienced bandsmen. A substantial number of church-trained players have become professional in the context of military bands in the Cape and elsewhere in South Africa. Some have, with more formal training, become symphonic instrumentalists of considerable rank in South Africa. This dissertation sets out to describe the milieu from which brass-players have emerged when formal instrumental instruction has been unavailable to them. It describes past and current efforts to bolster and upgrade brass training for youth, and the ways in which this couples with social upliftment for youth. Perhaps most importantly, it furnishes information and tools for South Africa to join fully with international efforts to research the phenomena of community music and to better understand their significance.