As the external environment changing continuously, strict control of production, urgent demand, information of manufacturing management need to immediately, transparently, and digitally respond to the market and improve the quality of decision. Therefore, manufacturing execution systems (MES) are chosen to replace shop floor control systems (SFCs) by enterprises. For a long time being, the small and medium-sized enterprises contribute a great deal to Taiwan¡¦s economy. After the global trend of information technology and the rapid development of internet, many chief executive officers realized the important role of information technology played within an enterprise. Can the information system fit seamlessly into the business management? Since there is short of an integrated tool to communicate effectively, most projects of information systems channel into time delay and fail to obtain applause. Still, most companies adopt the process-oriented approach, which is not an integrated tool, to model the manufacturing management. This study, concluding that there is a better choice, selects TOGAF enterprise architecture (EA) Method (ArchiMate) to model the manufacturing management. Through architectural thinking and analysis, ArchiMate tool is able to integrate the organizational structure and organizational behavior, thus improve the communication efficiency and decision quality within an enterprise.

The Public Construction Commission was established on July 20, 1995. In order that government departments have a rule to follow, the Government Procurement Act is promulgated by presidential decree on May 27, 1998. Furthermore, its spirit was established on the Chapter I- General Principle, the Article one ¡§This Act is enacted to establish a government procurement system that has fair and open procurement procedures, promotes the efficiency and effectiveness of government procurement operation, and ensures the quality of procurement.¡¨ There are more than 40 seed laws and 10 types of operating regulations enacted by the administration, the Public Construction Commission, since the implementation of the Government Procurement Law. Hence, the Government Procurement Act tends to be more complete. However, the act is not only applied to the public departments, but also applicable to other organizations, such as public schools. It can be observable from the Act 3 ¡§Procurement conducted by any government agency, public school or government-owned enterprise (hereinafter referred to as the "entity") shall be governed by the provisions of this Act. With regard to the matters not provided for in this Act, other relevant laws shall govern.¡¨; Act4 ¡§A juridical person or organization which takes a grant from an entity shall conduct a procurement in accordance with this Act and be under supervision by the entity provided that the amount of the grant is not less than half of the procurement value and also reaches the threshold for publication.¡¨ and Act 5 ¡§An entity may entrust a juridical person or organization to conduct its procurement.¡¨ From the above, it is obvious that they should abide by the Government Procurement Act, and the purchasing behavior of organization, which takes the financial subsidy over 50% from government, also should obey the act. Therefore, regardless of whether a formal civil servant, as long as the purchasing behaviors are relevant to the government procurement, the contractor personnel must to follow the Government Procurement Law. In this study, the architecture-oriented government procurement management model (AOGPMM) is constructed which is based on six fundamental diagrams of the structure-behavior coalescence (SBC) architecture. AOGPMM represents multiple views of procurement management by integrating the structure and behavior of government procurement. So, the purchasing officers can effectively understand the whole picture of government procurement through AOGPMM. Keywords: Enterprise Architecture, Government Procurement, AOGPMM

China's economic growth rate soars continuously in the future, what the small and medium-sized enterprises of Taiwan strengthen and carry on in China's Mainland one after another is thrown money, intaglio printing expand very much rapidly not passing most early at China's Mainland from in company, Taiwan of joint-venture, step forward about last direction Taiwan the small and medium-sized enterpriseses running. To the main shaft of intaglio printing industry, this research is dividing with SWOT analyse it for the structure, probe into and find out about the difficulty faced of small and medium-sized enterprises of Taiwan, and successful course and key factor analyse, and combine and propose discovering and suggestion , for wanting to invest in the Taiwan traders of the mainland and intaglio printing correctly in the future. 1. Make analysis and offer the scheme solved by the human resources , production management and investment environment. 2. In the face of doing the economic idea that E turn environment into the main fact in the future society , economy and culture in the 21st century. Offer investors' suggestion of to Mid- and small-scale enterprise Taiwan to the operation on China's Mainland WTO market.

In recent years, the concept of Enterprise Architecture with business organization, management, and operation have called lots of attention. The construction of Enterprise Architecture is art. It needs not only the concrete structure but integrated with the operational process. The enterprise must emphasize architecture planning and management more than technique application or goods production. Therefore, we need to analyze the organization and process of an enterprise to establish a detail and unique strategy while building up an enterprise architecture. To use the concept of structure-process-integrated, enterprise architecture will optimize and improve business operations and flexibility. The most popular models of enterprise architecture always have bias. Either it emphasizes functional business structures or information system platforms. Note that business structure is applied to support operations. A company will fail without the support of business structure. It will bring great advantage to a company to adopt the concept of a structure-process-integrated enterprise architecture to maximize operations and communications of a company. This study is to review and analyze the current theories of enterprise architecture and explore the factors to ensure successes of an enterprise. It also mentions how to establish an integrated architecture through interaction of all factors besides the necessary of individual factor. We strongly think this study contributes a great deal to the current enterprise architecture research.

This study via the literatures and expert¡¦s interviews to explore the currently problems of new venture incubator to domestic Web2.0 industry, then try to offer the helpful suggestion. First, the way of analyzing literatures and correlating dates, can get the general problems during enterprise. This study focus on the pre start up stage and start up stage then choose the controllable factors and made the chosen factor as the content of expert¡¦s interview. This study chosen four factors ¡§the path of enterprise¡¨,¡¨ the recourses of enterprise¡¨, ¡§specific assistance of enterprise¡¨, ¡§the enterprise team¡¨ as the basic analyzing frame, , and get the results through expert¡¦s interview. By this study find out enterprise behavior can receive a appreciable profit. Recently, the industry orientations have gradually changed from labor-intensive industry to knowledge-intensive industry, and the information technology and infrastructure are nearly complete. Therefore this study chooses Web2.0 industry as research target. To observe the current circumstance of domestic enterprise assistance system can acquire preliminary phenomenon that current assistance system is lack of resource of pre start up stage and start up stage. It always makes enterprise behavior vanish even if the enterprisers have a fantasy idea. Comparatively a foreign country as U.S.A has lots of assistance institutions in connection with Web2.0 enterprise and has assisted the enterpriser establishes the company. Therefore, this study hopes to design an ideal model for domestic Web2.0 industry.

This paper examined the difference of enterprise which is operated by .a Buddhist or not. The main fundation of thesis is Buddhism doctrine and ¡§kind with wisdom¡¨ is the framework. We interview the CEO of erterprise and investigate employees to make some conclusion ¡G 1.The Buddhism doctrine influence the operation of enterprise with some aspect such like¡Gdo works of charity¡Bpeace and follow the middle course¡Bkind and altruistic and six sail across a sea. 2. The Buddhism doctrine also influence the employees¡¦ perception and enterprise culture with some aspect such like¡Gthe decision process¡Bregular religious activities¡Bthe middle level directors are also Buddhists¡Bthe office of the CEO with Buddhists has Buddhism ¡¥s atmosphere. And the erterprise with Buddhists operate get higher scores in these five scopes. 3.The features ¡§kind with wisdom ¡§affects the erterprise with Buddhists operate in some aspect such like¡Gorganization behavior¡Boperation belief¡Boperation style¡Bdisseminate Buddhist doctrine. 4.Comparing with Janan¡¦s enterprise, the Buddhism influence them much more than Taiwan. And the influence of Buddhism in Taiwan¡¦s enterprise was showed in quantity more than quality. 5.The principle of ¡§kind with wisdom¡¨ can also be applied to enterprise operation, the enter society behavior of enterprise operation could also develop the spirit of renouncing the world.

The theoretical literature on public ownership suggests many reasons for anticipating poor performance by publicly-owned firms, especially the lack of incentives for managers in uncompetitive environments combined with the problems of political interference. Yet the performance of the nationalized British gas industry in the post- war period was very impressive, with high rates of growth of output and productivity and the successful development of new techniques and new markets. To resolve this puzzle, the key factors to be examined are government/industry relations and strategic management. A detailed analysis of the evolution of government policy towards the nationalized industries in general and gas in particular, including the provision of funds for investment, pricing policies, the extent and quality of monitoring of the industry's performance and energy policy, reveals that government policy in the case of gas was more benign than for many of the nationalized industries. Management strategy is investigated by means of a comparison of two Area Gas Boards, the South Western and the East Midlands. Quantitative indicators show that the East Midlands Board enjoyed rapid sales growth for much of this period, and made use of a wide range of techniques for manufacturing and supplying gas. The South Western Board's sales performance was among the weakest in the industry and it remained committed to out-moded techniques based on coal for a long time. Underlying differences in the market/technological environments faced by the two Boards provide a major part of the explanation of these variations in business performance. However, the strategies adopted by the Area Boards are also shown to be important. In contrast to much existing literature on nationalized industries the emphasis here is on the autonomy enjoyed by managers in many crucial aspects of decision-making, the surprising strength of competitive forces acting on the gas industry, regional diversity, and the reasonably benign role played by government.

Under what conditions did conservative governments of the major industrial countries commit themselves to building domestic institutional frameworks for embedded liberalism as an international economic subsystem? As a way of answering the question, this study looks into informal and formal institutional arrangements for domestic compromise among classes and sectors. During the 1950s, governments in the United States, Britain, France, and West Germany sought to accommodate working-class demands and achieve a stable domestic economy within the institutional limits set by the prior experiences dating back to the interwar years. At the informal level, organized labor and business community in each country interacted with each other to produce varying forms of labor-management conflict resolution mechanism. At the formal level, political parties became more centrist in the domestic economic policy areas in order to maximize votes in an era of catch-all party politics. National outcomes varied from the semi-privatized welfare state in the United States to the liberal Keynesian welfare state in Britain to the dirigiste interventionist state in France to the social market economy in West Germany. Although those nationally distinct institutional arrangements reduced international policy coordination, embedded liberalism could work as long as participating countries shared the social purpose that domestic stability and international liberalization should not be incompatible.

<p>There is usually much reaction among employees when a new system is introduced in an organization. These things are intended to improve performance but sometimes cause considerable controversy amongst the employees and management. This study examines the implementation of LE and it attempts to analyse the reactions of employes in a manufacturing company in South Africa - GKN Sinter Metals (GKN), Cape Town. According to the literature review, the implementation of the LE can play a significant role in improving the company's performance.</p>

Enterprise systems (ES) are important cross-business software that can be difficult to implement. A key factor impacting ES implementation lies with the influence of organisational cultures and subcultures which may enable or hinder such implementations. Existing research has focused on culture as being a stable, homogenous variable and little consideration has been given to the dynamics of cultural and organisational change during ES implementations. This study uses eight cultural dimensions (Detert et al, 2000) to examine instances of dialectic conflict between opposing cultural values and how these can impact ES implementations. This study uses data drawn from four case studies of large organisations that had implemented ES. The results identified five cultural dimensions where there was evidence of a cultural conflict between each organisation and the ES implementation. The results also found evidence that different subcultures within the organisation operated in different ways to facilitate or impede the adoption of the system. The evidence showed that the implementations resulted in cultural changes within each organisation to reflect the values embedded in the ES. This research therefore provides valuable insights into the cultural effects of large-scale implementations at an organisational level and shows that such effects are not necessarily homogenous and may vary due to the cultural values of subgroups involved.