Internationalization within the information communication technology (ICT) sector has become more essential today and this has raised the international competition over customers. The Nordic markets growth and development in its ICT sector has brought new competition and has been the substance of change in business concerning, organizational changes, reduce transaction costs and rationalize and restrict supply chains. The purpose of this thesis is therefore to compare the Nordic ICT markets and the potential for small IT firm namely, Radar Group International AB. To be able to understand Radar Group’s potential in the Nordic IT markets this thesis is divided in to two aspects, market selection and entry mode selection. When we have evaluated the Nordic markets we made, based on our findings recommendations to Radar Group in what market to enter and how to enter that market. For comprehensive understanding of this study, we choose concentration of the theoretical framework committed to the subject, market selection and entry mode selection. Furthermore, we used qualitative method in collecting the empirical data consisting of raw data and in-depth interviews with three international IT firms based in Sweden about their market selection and entry mode selection. Our conclusion indicates that Radar Group should explore the Norwegian market as it offers greater customer potentials and stronger economic growth. While expanding to the Norwegian market, it is our opinion that Radar Group should use Joint venture as their entry mode. It is the most suitable mode for Radar Group in terms of financial aspect, the company’s business concept and previous experience.

<p>Date:</p><p>19^th, June, 2008</p><p>Level:</p><p>Master Thesis EFO 705, 15 credits</p><p>Authors:</p><p>Sixing Guo</p><p>China</p><p>guosixing@hotmail.com</p><p>Pasapoo Upathamwaranon</p><p>Thailand</p><p>pasapoo@hotmail.com</p><p>Title:</p><p>The Internationalization Process of Toyota in Europe: From the Perspectives of Entry Mode and Network Structure</p><p> </p><p>Tutor:</p><p>Leif Linnskog</p><p>Research Problem:</p><p>In European market, what entry mode did Toyota select? Why did they select those entry modes? And how did they manage their internal and external network structure during the entry mode evolution process? </p><p> </p><p>Purpose:</p><p>We describe and explain how Toyota conquered the European market from the perspective of entry mode and network. And we also intend to provide some useful information to the companies that want to gain experience before entering into the European market.</p><p> </p><p>Method:</p><p>We design this thesis as a case study about the entry mode of Toyota in the European market. In order to get an in-depth understanding of the research problem, the qualitative research approach is chosen. During the analysis part, all the information is derived from the secondary documents, such as website, articles and so on.</p><p>Conclusion:</p><p>After the analysis the process of Toyota developed in the European market, we found that after careful consideration about both internal and external factors, Toyota usually prefers to conquer a new market with a relevant low risk entry mode, such as exporting or licensing, in the beginning. Then, with the increase of their experience as well as the growth of network, they began to change to a higher risk level entry mode, like joint venture or wholly owned subsidiaries. During the evolution process, in order to provide an effective way of interaction between headquarters and subsidiaries, Toyota’s structure changed from time to time.</p><p>Keywords:</p><p>Internationalization, Entry mode, Toyota, Network structure</p>

Date: 19th, June, 2008 Level: Master Thesis EFO 705, 15 credits Authors: Sixing Guo China guosixing@hotmail.com Pasapoo Upathamwaranon Thailand pasapoo@hotmail.com Title: The Internationalization Process of Toyota in Europe: From the Perspectives of Entry Mode and Network Structure   Tutor: Leif Linnskog Research Problem: In European market, what entry mode did Toyota select? Why did they select those entry modes? And how did they manage their internal and external network structure during the entry mode evolution process?    Purpose: We describe and explain how Toyota conquered the European market from the perspective of entry mode and network. And we also intend to provide some useful information to the companies that want to gain experience before entering into the European market.   Method: We design this thesis as a case study about the entry mode of Toyota in the European market. In order to get an in-depth understanding of the research problem, the qualitative research approach is chosen. During the analysis part, all the information is derived from the secondary documents, such as website, articles and so on. Conclusion: After the analysis the process of Toyota developed in the European market, we found that after careful consideration about both internal and external factors, Toyota usually prefers to conquer a new market with a relevant low risk entry mode, such as exporting or licensing, in the beginning. Then, with the increase of their experience as well as the growth of network, they began to change to a higher risk level entry mode, like joint venture or wholly owned subsidiaries. During the evolution process, in order to provide an effective way of interaction between headquarters and subsidiaries, Toyota’s structure changed from time to time. Keywords: Internationalization, Entry mode, Toyota, Network structure

Purpose - The aim of this paper is to increase the understanding of foreign market entry among SMEs. The model of a French established company entering the Scandinavian market supports this research. Theoretical Framework - The entry modes, the Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs), the standardization or adaptation dilemma of the products are presented. The entry modes are crucial to analyze the way corporations choose to enter a foreign country. As the case study used is a French SME, it is necessary to include their advantages and disadvantages. Standardization or adaptation are related to the chosen entry mode and the chosen market. Methodology - Theory supported by a case study: the French company Krampouz entering and expanding the Scandinavian market of cooking equipment. A number of business research methods are used in this thesis, such as a semi-structured interview with the company itself, a self-completion questionnaire with potential retailers and a secondary data analysis. Empirical Investigation - The information collected about Krampouz through the interview and the secondary data are split into the company background and its export strategy. Then the relevant data from the Scandinavian retailers are included. Finally information about the Single European Market and the International Commercial Terms (Incoterms) are combined to narrow down the trends of export. Findings - Entering the Scandinavian market as an European SME has to be pursued through exporting. Direct export appears to be the most relevant method to make business for SMEs in Scandinavia. Paper type - research paper: bachelor thesis

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Russia is a rapidly growing market with enormous potential for international companies. In many industries competition is underdeveloped as Russian local companies are often unable to satisfy constantly growing demand of the market. On the other hand, international enterprises hesitate to enter the market due to its complexity and difficulties like e.g. bureaucracy and corruption. The aim of the present bachelor thesis is to define main challenges of the Russian market with the help of a modified PESTEL model which emphasizes political, economic, social, and legal aspects of the market. Having identified the main market challenges exporting, joint ventures and foreign direct investments as means of market entry are assessed in terms of coping with these challenges. As an outcome of the theoretical section, a model assessing the chosen entry modes is developed together with a list of challenges of the Russian market. The developed theoretical model is applied to a Swedish automotive industry through conduction of semi-structured interviews with key representatives of a number of Swedish enterprises operating in Russia. After the empirical analysis, the theoretical model is reviewed and the main challenges of the Russian market experienced by the interviewees are stated. Moreover, the most common entry modes within the Swedish automotive industry are identified. This thesis will be applicable both for students who would like to learn about different entry modes and ways of analyzing foreign markets through a theoretical framework, and for Swedish companies that aim to enter the Russian market and need to understand its challenges in order to avoid failures in the initial stage and gain ideas about the most suitable entry mode for them.

China is the second largest investing market in the world now and it is also the number ninth trading country in the world. There are almost 13 billion populations in China, average GDP each year is about 7%. We can see how attractive and interesting China market is for all the retailers in the world and top 500 countries are all interested in investing in China. Since 1992 China government opened retailer¡¦s market and policy, almost all the MNC companies, local Chinese retailers, small retailers and ¡K¡Ketc, are eager to enter China. It also helps China retailer market full of lot of competitions. It¡¦s also good timing for us to obverse retailer¡¦s entry mode in China. When we are facing the global competition around the world and changing everywhere. For MNC companies, it¡¦s a great challenge to keep sustainable competitive advantage and do the right direction. The purpose of the study is knowing retailer¡¦s entry mode in china, how the motivations affect companies to choose the entry mode in china. This paper is different then the general entry mode theory we know, it¡¦s the result after observing the market phenomenon, case study, interview Carrefour & 7-11, scholar¡¦s experience and discussion. After that I try to combine all the materials above and find out the true phenomenon of retailing market in china and make the conclusion for all retailers who wants to enter China. As we know different entry motivations will affect retailers to choose different entry mode. In this paper, I put on the Company side, Risk side, Environment side and Local operation side. Try to understand how the four side affect retailers¡¦ choose the entry mode in China. This paper starts from the different entry motivations, four different sides evaluation, and try to find the appropriate retailer¡¦s entry mode in China for all the companies who may want to enter china.

Development in infrastructure limits the communication gap, speedy travel and low cost tariff barriers as well other drivers of globalization have made overseas markets easier to get small firms and gave more opportunities to SME´s internationalize. The market entry mode choice or selections have strong effect the success or failure of the company. For instance an insufficient or wrong entry mode selection can decrease opportunities and limit important choice for the firm and could lead to high financial loss as well as lose control on overseas market. The purpose of research study is to provide a deep and better understanding of the factors those effecting SME´s selection of market entry mode. Research question how can the influence of internal and external factors on the selection of market entry mode. A frame of reference led to the building of summary which in turn became the basis for data collection. Two qualitative case studies for Pakistani SME´s namely socks knitter Pakistan and RK International were undertaken. The main findings shows the clear link between the theories claim to be internal and external factors influencing market entry mode choice between SME´s. / C/O Kamran Anjum Norrekaer 14. 7 Tv 2610 Rodovre Denmark

<p><p>The aim of the thesis is to describe the entry mode choice and market</p><p>development progress of the successful MNC ABB in the specific</p><p>emerging market China. The authors also want to use theories in the</p><p>master course of International Business and Entrepreneurship to</p><p>explain the internationalization of one specific company ABB</p></p>

This study will examine the internationalisation process of Swedish fashion brands entering the South Korean market to be able to get an understanding of how the decision of entry strategy is influenced and how it affects the resilience in the market, as well as identify the drivers and barriers influencing the choice of entry mode. The study was conducted through a qualitative multiple case study with an inductive methodology approach. The literature review was established based on the known theories of internationalisation, entry modes and resilience. Here, the concepts discussed throughout the thesis are presented. Interviews were conducted with five different Swedish fashion brands who were all, to different extents, established on the South Korean market to collect empirical findings. These findings were then discussed in correlation to the presented theories to identify patterns within the internationalisation process to the South Korean market. The conclusion of the thesis is that relationships and networks are important drivers to enter and obtain resilience on the South Korean market. This allows the companies to engage in renewal of activities and flexibility in the constantly changing business environment. Language, lack of knowledge and lack of resources are identified as barriers limiting the level of commitment in the South Korean market.