Many school facilities in the United States are old, out-of-date, poorly maintained, and lack specific design elements that are likely to enhance teaching, learning, behavior, and other desirable outcomes. This study proposed that one reason why previous research regarding the effects of the physical school environment on educational outcomes has had little impact on the quality of schools is because there is a lack of knowledge about these relationships. A multi-method approach was used to solicit information from educators and researchers familiar with school facility effects literature to develop a set of research priorities to guide future research. In Phase I, a literature analysis provided important physical and outcome variables to seed brainstorming lists used in following phases of the research and provided the basis for a gap analysis to identify unavailable information. A concept mapping methodology was utilized in Phase II to solicit feedback from a group of seventeen experienced educators who were asked to brainstorm a list of measures of student, school, or school district success, sort their final list of more than 100 items into categories that made sense to them, and rate each item regarding how important it is to monitor or otherwise track. Using a Delphi method, a series of four questionnaires was given to a group of experienced researchers who developed a list of physical variables plausibly related to educational outcomes, rated the importance of those items, developed hypotheses that included top-rated physical variables and top-rated outcome variables (i.e., measures of success rated by educators), and then selected from those hypotheses several that became the basis of the recommended research priorities for the field. These research priorities propose investigations of the relationships between a set of physical variables (including the provision of team work stations and faculty collaborative spaces, well-designed circulation spaces, spaces for quiet reflection, adaptable seating, daylighting in classrooms, and overall maintenance and building quality) and a variety of educational outcomes (e.g., achievement, behavior, satisfaction, affective performance).

In this study, pro-environmental behaviors are investigated by studying if one's primary information sources about environmental issues either from their social network or the media influence this behavior. Data was collected from the 2002 Detroit Area Study with a total of 267 respondents. Three indexes were constructed to separately measure all seven pro-environment behavioral items, five conservation behavioral items, and two consumption behavioral items. A complex sample model was utilized in these analyses. Findings suggest that information sources are correlated to self-reported environmental behavior. As predicted, the people whose primary information source was social network were more likely to obtain higher scores on all three separate indexes than those individuals who primarily received information about environmental issues from the media.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-01T11:58:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 parte1.pdf: 2711991 bytes, checksum: 687839baf6117766653a212349c9e715 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-08-24 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / A construction type that is spreading if in the Brazilian cities it is the horizontal condominium. The collective environments, inside the horizontal condominiums destined to the population of high standard, they are presented through illustrations, pictures and effect sentences that are motivating the purchase of that space type. But will it be that the spaces of collective use of the condominiums are appropriate to the residents' use and do they assist the expectations generated by the propagandas? Do your physical characteristics contribute to your operation? Which the experiences of use of those spaces? Before those subjects the concern appears in contemplating on the atmospheres condominiais, in the attempt of contributing in the knowledge of the physical attributes and of the operation of those spaces, so much in what refers to the positive aspects with relationship to the negative aspects. The city of João Pessoa had, in the last years, a significant increment of that enterprise type in your urban mesh. This dissertation analyzes two horizontal condominiums of the capital paraibana destined to the population of high pattern, tends as general objective to analyze the atmospheres buses of horizontal condominiums with emphasis in the behavior and the residents' perception and taking as base the analysis of the relationship of the use with the physical attributes (accessibility, recreational and aesthetics). The research bases on the hypothesis that the use of the collective environments in horizontal condominiums is related to the project aspects. It is believed that the projects of those atmospheres are defined in way to assist more the financial interests than the users' needs. To reach the objectives the research it fell back upon the knowledge area that analyzes the relationships atmosphere-behavior. Multi-methods were used involving: analysis of documents; informal interviews; observations of physical lines; observations of behaviors and questionnaire. The results show that children use more environments condominium analyzed for leisure activities (physical and social), while the majority of adults and elderly residents do not use the surroundings of their collective condominiums. The perception of users indicates that the few options of leisure facilities and services are the main reason that hampers the use of collective environments condominium. With the result of that research it can be indicated actions for the improvement of the analyzed environments and show the importance of encouraging assessments regarding the physical attributes of these projects for those involved in the projects reflect on the limitations and demands of environments collective condominiums. / Um tipo de construção que vem se propagando nas cidades brasileiras é o condomínio horizontal. Os ambientes coletivos, no interior dos condomínios horizontais destinados à população de alta renda, são apresentados através de ilustrações, fotos e frases de efeito que vêm incentivando a compra desse tipo de espaço. Mas será que os espaços de uso coletivo dos condomínios são adequados ao uso dos moradores e atendem as expectativas geradas pelas propagandas? As suas características físicas contribuem para o seu funcionamento? Quais as experiências de uso desses espaços? Diante dessas questões surge a preocupação em refletir sobre os ambientes condominiais, na tentativa de contribuir no conhecimento dos atributos físicos e do funcionamento desses espaços, tanto no que se refere aos aspectos positivos quanto aos aspectos negativos. A cidade de João Pessoa teve, nos últimos anos, um acréscimo significativo desse tipo de empreendimento em sua malha urbana. Esta dissertação analisa dois condomínios horizontais da capital paraibana destinados à população de alto padrão, tendo como objetivo geral analisar os ambientes coletivos de condomínios horizontais com ênfase no comportamento e percepção dos moradores e tomando como base a análise da relação do uso com os atributos físicos (acessibilidade, equipamentos de lazer e estética). A pesquisa se baseia na hipótese de que a utilização dos ambientes coletivos em condomínios horizontais está relacionada aos aspectos de projeto. Acredita-se que os projetos desses ambientes são definidos de forma a atender mais os interesses financeiros do que as necessidades dos usuários. Para atingir os objetivos a pesquisa recorreu à área de conhecimento que analisa as relações ambiente-comportamento. Foram utilizados multi-métodos envolvendo: análise de documentos; entrevistas informais; observações de traços físicos; observações de comportamentos e questionário. Os resultados revelam que as crianças usam mais esses ambientes para as atividades de lazer (físicas e sociais), ao passo que a maioria dos moradores adultos e idosos não usa os ambientes coletivos de seus condomínios. A percepção dos usuários indica que as poucas opções de equipamentos de lazer e serviços constituem o principal motivo que dificulta a utilização dos ambientes coletivos condominiais. Com o resultado dessa pesquisa pode-se indicar ações para a melhoria dos ambientes analisados e destacar a importância de avaliações quanto aos atributos físicos desses empreendimentos para que os envolvidos nos projetos reflitam sobre as limitações e demandas dos ambientes coletivos de condomínios horizontais.

No description available.

Quand nous nous penchons sur la ville en tant que lieu d'expérimentations, il faut saisir son évolution tout au long des années, l'histoire de ses quartiers en tenant compte les caractéristiques de l'espace urbain ainsi que les conditions sociales et culturelles de ses habitants. Il est possible d’étudier la ville dans la diversité de ses emplois et de ses utilisateurs, bien comme étudier les conflits et négociations qui sont à l'origine de cette pluralité. Le noyau de notre recherche a été le conflit entre deux groupes d'utilisateurs, des habitants et des commerçants, du quartier Cidade Baixa à Porto Alegre – RS. Telle situation a déployé des efforts de la municipalité pour améliorer la convivialité entre eux, car mettre en accord leurs intérêts, tout à fait différents, posait des problèmes. Notre idée a été d'identifier et de comprendre les caractéristiques de ces deux groupes en ce qui concernait la valeur et le signifié donnés au quartier. À partir de ces observations, nous avons discuté la valeur perçue par les deux groupes en tant que habitants du quartier Cidade Baixa. Dans cette étape, notre but était d'identifier et de comprendre les rapports entre l'ensemble de valeurs personnelles et les valeurs perçues par l'un et l'autre par rapport aux caractéristiques du quartier. Les concepts issus du markéting et de la psychologie environnementale ont été utilisés dans cette recherche, ainsi que celui du territoire et ses dérivations. La premier étape de l'étude a permis de comprendre le contexte du quartier Cidade Baixa, ses utilisateurs et de sélectionner les groupes d'utilisateurs pour l'analyse. Dans la seconde, nous avons réuni et nous avons analysé des données sur la perçue du quartier et sur des valeurs personnelles des deux groupes. En fin de compte, la dernière étape a réuni des données sur la valeur perçue par les groupes d'utilisateurs. Elle s'est penchée aussi sur l'analyse et la discussion des données des étapes antérieures. Nous croyons avoir contribué à la compréhension et à la comparaison des valeurs perçues par des groupes d'utilisateurs du quartier Cidade Baixa, aux différentes façons d'analyser et réunir des données et au concept de valeur perçue dans le cadre du territoire “quartier”. / This research aim was to contribute to the knowledge about the perception of value on the territory in the neighborhood level. When investigating the city as a place of experiences, it is required an appreciation of its evolution over time and stories of its neighborhoods’ both from the urban environment point of view as in the social and cultural conditions of the population who lives on it. The city can be studied in its diversity of usages and users, as well as in the conflict and negotiations’ coexistence resulting from this plurality. The research focuses was the conflict between two groups of users, residents and traders from the Cidade Baixa neighborhood in Porto Alegre – RS, which resulted in efforts from the municipal public power to improve the conviviality between them, due the difficulty of reconcile the distinct interests which overlap. The purpose was to indentify and comprehend the characteristics from the two users groups in the way which they assign value and meaning to neighborhood they make use from. Based on that, I discuss the perception of value from both groups when committed in the neighborhood Cidade Baixa. The goal was to identify and understand the relation between the composition of personal values and values from both groups of users in relation to the neighborhood’s characteristics. The concept used originates especially from areas of environment – behavior and marketing. The research made use of the concept of territory and its derivations. The investigation was divided in three big stages, the first one had the purpose of understand the Cidade Baixa neighborhood’s and users context, as well as perform the selection of the users groups to be analyzed; in the second stage, data about perception of neighborhood and individual values from both studied groups were collected and analyzed; in the last stage, data about value perception from the groups of users were collected and analyzed, applying the data from the previous stages in the discussion and analysis. The main research’s contributions are related to the understanding and comparison of perception of value from the users groups in the neighborhood’s scope, the comparison from different analysis techniques and collected data, as well as the conceptual contributions about the concept of perceived values in the territory context: the neighborhood.

Quand nous nous penchons sur la ville en tant que lieu d'expérimentations, il faut saisir son évolution tout au long des années, l'histoire de ses quartiers en tenant compte les caractéristiques de l'espace urbain ainsi que les conditions sociales et culturelles de ses habitants. Il est possible d’étudier la ville dans la diversité de ses emplois et de ses utilisateurs, bien comme étudier les conflits et négociations qui sont à l'origine de cette pluralité. Le noyau de notre recherche a été le conflit entre deux groupes d'utilisateurs, des habitants et des commerçants, du quartier Cidade Baixa à Porto Alegre – RS. Telle situation a déployé des efforts de la municipalité pour améliorer la convivialité entre eux, car mettre en accord leurs intérêts, tout à fait différents, posait des problèmes. Notre idée a été d'identifier et de comprendre les caractéristiques de ces deux groupes en ce qui concernait la valeur et le signifié donnés au quartier. À partir de ces observations, nous avons discuté la valeur perçue par les deux groupes en tant que habitants du quartier Cidade Baixa. Dans cette étape, notre but était d'identifier et de comprendre les rapports entre l'ensemble de valeurs personnelles et les valeurs perçues par l'un et l'autre par rapport aux caractéristiques du quartier. Les concepts issus du markéting et de la psychologie environnementale ont été utilisés dans cette recherche, ainsi que celui du territoire et ses dérivations. La premier étape de l'étude a permis de comprendre le contexte du quartier Cidade Baixa, ses utilisateurs et de sélectionner les groupes d'utilisateurs pour l'analyse. Dans la seconde, nous avons réuni et nous avons analysé des données sur la perçue du quartier et sur des valeurs personnelles des deux groupes. En fin de compte, la dernière étape a réuni des données sur la valeur perçue par les groupes d'utilisateurs. Elle s'est penchée aussi sur l'analyse et la discussion des données des étapes antérieures. Nous croyons avoir contribué à la compréhension et à la comparaison des valeurs perçues par des groupes d'utilisateurs du quartier Cidade Baixa, aux différentes façons d'analyser et réunir des données et au concept de valeur perçue dans le cadre du territoire “quartier”. / This research aim was to contribute to the knowledge about the perception of value on the territory in the neighborhood level. When investigating the city as a place of experiences, it is required an appreciation of its evolution over time and stories of its neighborhoods’ both from the urban environment point of view as in the social and cultural conditions of the population who lives on it. The city can be studied in its diversity of usages and users, as well as in the conflict and negotiations’ coexistence resulting from this plurality. The research focuses was the conflict between two groups of users, residents and traders from the Cidade Baixa neighborhood in Porto Alegre – RS, which resulted in efforts from the municipal public power to improve the conviviality between them, due the difficulty of reconcile the distinct interests which overlap. The purpose was to indentify and comprehend the characteristics from the two users groups in the way which they assign value and meaning to neighborhood they make use from. Based on that, I discuss the perception of value from both groups when committed in the neighborhood Cidade Baixa. The goal was to identify and understand the relation between the composition of personal values and values from both groups of users in relation to the neighborhood’s characteristics. The concept used originates especially from areas of environment – behavior and marketing. The research made use of the concept of territory and its derivations. The investigation was divided in three big stages, the first one had the purpose of understand the Cidade Baixa neighborhood’s and users context, as well as perform the selection of the users groups to be analyzed; in the second stage, data about perception of neighborhood and individual values from both studied groups were collected and analyzed; in the last stage, data about value perception from the groups of users were collected and analyzed, applying the data from the previous stages in the discussion and analysis. The main research’s contributions are related to the understanding and comparison of perception of value from the users groups in the neighborhood’s scope, the comparison from different analysis techniques and collected data, as well as the conceptual contributions about the concept of perceived values in the territory context: the neighborhood.

Quand nous nous penchons sur la ville en tant que lieu d'expérimentations, il faut saisir son évolution tout au long des années, l'histoire de ses quartiers en tenant compte les caractéristiques de l'espace urbain ainsi que les conditions sociales et culturelles de ses habitants. Il est possible d’étudier la ville dans la diversité de ses emplois et de ses utilisateurs, bien comme étudier les conflits et négociations qui sont à l'origine de cette pluralité. Le noyau de notre recherche a été le conflit entre deux groupes d'utilisateurs, des habitants et des commerçants, du quartier Cidade Baixa à Porto Alegre – RS. Telle situation a déployé des efforts de la municipalité pour améliorer la convivialité entre eux, car mettre en accord leurs intérêts, tout à fait différents, posait des problèmes. Notre idée a été d'identifier et de comprendre les caractéristiques de ces deux groupes en ce qui concernait la valeur et le signifié donnés au quartier. À partir de ces observations, nous avons discuté la valeur perçue par les deux groupes en tant que habitants du quartier Cidade Baixa. Dans cette étape, notre but était d'identifier et de comprendre les rapports entre l'ensemble de valeurs personnelles et les valeurs perçues par l'un et l'autre par rapport aux caractéristiques du quartier. Les concepts issus du markéting et de la psychologie environnementale ont été utilisés dans cette recherche, ainsi que celui du territoire et ses dérivations. La premier étape de l'étude a permis de comprendre le contexte du quartier Cidade Baixa, ses utilisateurs et de sélectionner les groupes d'utilisateurs pour l'analyse. Dans la seconde, nous avons réuni et nous avons analysé des données sur la perçue du quartier et sur des valeurs personnelles des deux groupes. En fin de compte, la dernière étape a réuni des données sur la valeur perçue par les groupes d'utilisateurs. Elle s'est penchée aussi sur l'analyse et la discussion des données des étapes antérieures. Nous croyons avoir contribué à la compréhension et à la comparaison des valeurs perçues par des groupes d'utilisateurs du quartier Cidade Baixa, aux différentes façons d'analyser et réunir des données et au concept de valeur perçue dans le cadre du territoire “quartier”. / This research aim was to contribute to the knowledge about the perception of value on the territory in the neighborhood level. When investigating the city as a place of experiences, it is required an appreciation of its evolution over time and stories of its neighborhoods’ both from the urban environment point of view as in the social and cultural conditions of the population who lives on it. The city can be studied in its diversity of usages and users, as well as in the conflict and negotiations’ coexistence resulting from this plurality. The research focuses was the conflict between two groups of users, residents and traders from the Cidade Baixa neighborhood in Porto Alegre – RS, which resulted in efforts from the municipal public power to improve the conviviality between them, due the difficulty of reconcile the distinct interests which overlap. The purpose was to indentify and comprehend the characteristics from the two users groups in the way which they assign value and meaning to neighborhood they make use from. Based on that, I discuss the perception of value from both groups when committed in the neighborhood Cidade Baixa. The goal was to identify and understand the relation between the composition of personal values and values from both groups of users in relation to the neighborhood’s characteristics. The concept used originates especially from areas of environment – behavior and marketing. The research made use of the concept of territory and its derivations. The investigation was divided in three big stages, the first one had the purpose of understand the Cidade Baixa neighborhood’s and users context, as well as perform the selection of the users groups to be analyzed; in the second stage, data about perception of neighborhood and individual values from both studied groups were collected and analyzed; in the last stage, data about value perception from the groups of users were collected and analyzed, applying the data from the previous stages in the discussion and analysis. The main research’s contributions are related to the understanding and comparison of perception of value from the users groups in the neighborhood’s scope, the comparison from different analysis techniques and collected data, as well as the conceptual contributions about the concept of perceived values in the territory context: the neighborhood.

A large and growing body of research exists on how the design of the environment can positively or negatively affect people’s health and well-being, as well as influence their behavior. Researchers in this field, known as “environmental design research,” have long acknowledged the challenge of translating their findings into formats that are accepted and used by practitioners. This study explores how environmental design research on urban open space and the practice-oriented translations of it are used by landscape architects who have been recognized in the profession for their designs of parks, plazas, and streets in urban areas. Through interviews with practitioners, an understanding emerges of the impact of environmental design research on contemporary practice, leading to recommendations that could enhance it in the future. Key findings of the study indicate that translations of the research, specifically in the form of design guidelines, while intended to inform practice, are not widely used by designers. Rather, to understand how design impacts human behavior, practitioners rely primarily on what they refer to as intuition, largely informed by their own direct observations of people in public space. The quality of their personal observations, therefore, is critical to their depth of understanding of human behavior and the environment. The study concludes with recommendations that could improve the skills of design students and practitioners to conduct, interpret, and apply their own direct observations in their designs, using methods and findings from the field of environmental design research to inform and enrich this process.

No description available.