Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-01T17:54:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-07-10. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2016-04-01T18:00:31Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000564022.pdf: 4802904 bytes, checksum: beab4bbde209bc8ed0f6fe964c936821 (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Atualmente, no campo da engenharia de produção o termo desenvolvimento sustentável está sendo amplamente divulgado como uma oportunidade para melhoria na qualidade de vida que alia conservação e proteção do meio ambiente. Ao se observar a questão da poluição industrial, é possível perceber que ela vem agravando a deterioração do meio ambiente e da saúde pública, conseqüentemente, exigindo uma nova postura das empresas no sentido de mitigar seus impactos ambientais. Neste sentido, emergiu o objetivo deste trabalho: diagnosticar as ações ambientais das indústrias calçadistas considerando, a priori, a importância local do pólo produtivo calçadista de Franca-SP. Assim, desenvolveu-se uma estrutura teórica baseada em Sistema de Gestão Ambiental, Legislação Ambiental e Programas de Prevenção à Poluição, cada qual com um instrumento em evidência, quer seja a norma ISO 14001, o Licenciamento Ambiental e o Programa Produção mais Limpa. Todos estes elementos subsidiaram detalhamentos específicos dentro do contexto em que se examinavam ações efetivas praticadas por empresas calçadistas. Sucintamente, os resultados alcançados na pesquisa exploratória nos levou a perceber que há uma lacuna entre os benefícios apresentados na literatura sobre a ISO 14001 e a real percepção dos empresários entrevistados; basicamente, estes mesmos (empresários) apenas reagem para não serem punidos, fato que adverte a relevância de se manter controles mais rígidos sobre ferramentas como o Licenciamento Ambiental e, por último, concluiu-se que o Programa Produção mais Limpa se apresenta com potencial para articular as ações ambientais identificadas, partindo da aplicação de know-how na gestão privada para a articulação à governança pública, visando mudanças de atitudes para melhoria ambiental na cadeia calçadista como um todo. Portanto, os resultados dessa pesquisa identificaram ações tímidas e incipientes... / In the hole world, sustainable development to improve life quality with environment protection is becoming a strong and weel aceptable idea. It is possible to observe that industrial pollution is increasing enviroment and health deterioration, and so, demanding a new attitude from organizations concerning their environment impacts. So, the objective of this paper is to diagnose environmental actions in shoes manufactures, a priori, the importance of local shoes industries in Franca city. So, a theorictical structure was developed based in Environmental Management System, Laws, and Pollution Prevention Programs, each one with a tool, such as ISO 14001, Environmental Licensing and More Clean Production Program. All these elements helped in specific detail in a context that elective actions were studies. The results obtained in the research made us realize that there is a void between benefits presented in the literature about ISO 14001 and real perception of interviewed managers: they just react to avoid legal punishments, wat points the need to keep more rigorous controlson tools such as Environmental Licensing and, at last, it was concluded that More Clean Production Program presented a potential to articulate environment action, applying know-how in private management to public governança, willing to change attitudes to environments improve in shoes supply chain as a hole. So, results of this research identified shy ans incipients actions from interviewed managers to the sustentability of the sector.

This dissertation studies one of the newest tools in environmental policy in the developing world context - that of voluntary environmental programmes (VEPs). Developed and promoted in the past few decades by policy practitioners looking to regulate environmental pollution without saddling enterprises and governments with high regulatory costs, VEPs remain vastly under-studied, especially when compared with market instruments and the long-standing command and control approach. Fundamental questions such as who the likely participants are, why firms would voluntarily take on added costs of environmental improvement, and whether any financial and environmental benefits arise from participation remain largely unanswered. This gap in the literature is particularly severe for the case of developing countries. While VEPs in general and ISO 14001 in particular have rapidly increased across the developing world, the understanding of their implications in the academic literature trail far behind. This dissertation aims to fill some of this gap in the existing literature by using unique firm level data and applying rigorous empirical micro-econometric methods to analyse the adoption of the ISO 14001 international voluntary scheme in Thailand. The study focuses on three core manufacturing industries - food and beverages, textiles and wearing apparel, and electronics and electrical appliances, chosen to represent three main types of manufacturing activities in the country. The study finds that both macroeconomic and industry-specific factors influence firms' participation in the ISO 14001 scheme. It also finds that the degrees of environmental impact from programme adoption vary by industry, and that although participation in the programme requires non-trivial commitments of the firm's resources, participating firms are not placed at a financial disadvantage when compared with non-adopting firms.

Orientador: Maria Lucia Galves / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T02:15:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Goncalves_Alvaro_M.pdf: 5114678 bytes, checksum: c1f07437e5886f622cc75543b7bd28c3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004 / Resumo: O trabalho apresenta uma proposta de sistema de gestão ambiental para empresa prestadora de serviços logísticos do transporte rodoviário de carga, baseado na norma NBR ISO 14001, integrando o conceito de gestão ecológica, que considera a empresa como uma organização viva com seu fluxo metabólico. A partir da avaliação ambiental inicial, foi possível conhecer o posicionamento da empresa em relação ao meio ambiente e dar seqüência na implantação do sistema de gestão ambiental. Os resultados obtidos, em termos de conscientização ecológica, redução de custos operacionais, racionalização e otimização dos recursos naturais, ganho de competitividade e reforço da imagem corporativa, permitiram à empresa agregar valor na prestação de serviços logísticos / Abstract: This work presents a proposal for an environmental management system to be used by one third-parties logistics of road freight transport, based on standard NBR ISO 14001, integrating the concept of ecologica1 management that considers the enterprise as a living organization with its metabolic flow. Based on the environmental assessment review, it was possible to know the position of the enterprise vis a vis the environment and to implement an environmental management system. The results, in terms of raising ecological consciousness, reducing operational costs, optimizing the use of natural resources, and competitiveness as well as reinforcement of the image of the corporation, allowed the enterprise to add value to its logistics services / Mestrado / Transportes / Mestre em Engenharia Civil

ISO 14001:2015 is a certifiable environmental management standard applicable to any enterprise, large or small, in all fields of manufacturing or trades and services. It is the updated version of the previous ISO 14001:2004 standard. The updated standard contains a new High Level Framework which is expected to be used in the future by all ISO management system standards. ISO 14001:2015 sets out to implement methodologies such as the environmental management system and prescribes certification criteria including environmental policy and goals, important environmental issues, pollution reduction and continuous improvement of environmental efficiency. This report starts by looking into the documentation regarding life cycle perspective in the context of the ISO 14001:2015 standard. The revised model adopts a holistic approach across the value chain and encourages companies to accept a "life cycle perspective" with regard to the product and service design and development process. The methodology of life-cycle assessment (LCA) is also explored. The report goes on to examine another important aspect in environmental management which is the concept of Design For Environment (DFE). More specifically it is examined whether adhering to DFE principles can also help companies to adapt to the ISO 14001:2015 requirements. The concept of sustainable development in the context of ISO 14001 was given due precedence and it was found that ISO certified organizations will have an implicit awareness of sustainability because of the way ISO 14001 is structured. Corporate sustainability strategies were also discussed and this shed more light into how companies can

With the hot topic of the climate change effects a desperate change is needed in the world ofthe national and global industry. A good start is an environmental management system, EMS.The main focus of the on-going process of an EMS is to organise the company’s work, to decrease the use of raw materials and energy, and to severely reduce pollutions to air, water and land. The EMS is a part of a sustainable development and a valuable tool for everyindustry who wants to better their image and keeping environmental concerned customers. Asia and Thailand are growing markets where SME and large-scale industries have started tointroduce ISO standards. The top management of these organisations have opened their eyes to the demand of the clients regarding less environmental impact from their products and services. The motive for this study, carried out as an MFS is to get an insight of the Thai industries and how well they have implemented their EMS. / www.ima.kth.se

Effects of the environmental degradation in the last century rose awareness on the need to manage natural resources in a more sustainable manner. The role of the private sector in greenhouse gases emissions and resources use is significant and hence encompasses huge potential to mitigate the environmental impact of human activities. Environmental Management Systems (EMS) has been regarded as an effective way to manage the environmental impact of enterprises. Factors impacting the performance of EMS in French enterprises are investigated. Three aspects of EMS are studied: managerial processes, policy-making process and tools used to monitor environmental impact. Influence of sectorial activity on EMS is studied. In the first phase, a qualitative research approach is used, and twenty-one French enterprises from different sectors are interviewed. Two types of employees are surveyed: employees in charge of the environmental policy within the enterprise, and employees not related to environmental policies. In the second phase, exploratory factor analysis is employed to identify practices leading to best environmental performance. Results from the exploratory analysis reveal that firms with the highest environmental performance tend to have a long-term agenda and consult external stakeholders, namely their customers, to elaborate their environmental policy. Regarding communication channels to educate employees on sustainable practices, it is found that executives are often more informed on sustainable practices and are not responsive to same channels. Results from the qualitative analysis show lack of financial support is still the first obstacle to EMS implementation, and business strategy is rarely aligned with the environmental strategy of the company. Therefore, there is a strong need to create a compelling business case for EMS. / Effekterna av miljöförstöring under förra seklet ökade medvetenheten om behovet av att hantera resurser på ett mer hållbart sätt. Den privata sektorns roll i utsläpp av växthusgaser och resursanvändning är betydande och omfattar därför en enorm potential för att påverka miljöns hållbarhet. Environmental Management Systems (EMS) har betraktats som ett effektivt sätt att hantera företagens miljöpåverkan. Faktorer som påverkar resultatet av EMS i franska företag undersöks. Tre aspekter av EMS studeras: ledningsprocesser, beslutsfattande och verktyg som används för att övervaka miljöpåverkan. Påverkan av sektoraktivitet på EMS studeras. I den första fasen används en kvalitativ forskningsmetod och 21 franska företag från olika sektorer intervjuas. Två typer av anställda undersöks: anställda som ansvarar för miljöpolitiken inom företaget och anställda som inte är relaterade till miljöpolitiken. I den andra fasen används undersökande faktoranalys för att identifiera metoder som leder till bästa miljöprestanda. Resultat från den undersökande analysen visar att företag med högsta miljöprestanda tenderar att ha en långsiktig agenda och konsultera externa intressenter, nämligen deras kunder, för att utarbeta sin miljöpolicy. Beträffande kommunikationskanaler för att utbilda anställda om hållbar praxis, konstateras att chefer ofta är mer informerade om hållbara metoder och inte svarar på samma kanaler. Resultat från den kvalitativa analysen visar att bristen på ekonomiskt stöd fortfarande är det första hinderet för implementering av EMS, och affärsstrategi är sällan i linje med företagets miljöstrategi. Därför finns det ett starkt behov av att skapa ett övertygande affärsfall för EMS.

This study explores issues arising from the adoption of the term 'clean and green' for marketing New Zealand dairy products. Three dimensions of environmental quality were investigated: that of sustainable dairying and best practice for the benefit of farmers and the industry; resource management legislation and being a 'good neighbour'; and export marketing opportunities and issues. The study was undertaken during a time of major structural upheaval in the dairy industry, including yearly company amalgamations in the study area, rapid conversion of farmland to dairying, as well as factory expansion to process the increasing supply of product. The focus of the study was on the individual farmer, how perceptions and preferences are formed, and how in turn, these influence farm practice. World views drawn from Cultural Theory were adopted as the basis for analysis. Farmers were classified according to particular world views and the symbolic and reflexive use of concepts such as 'clean and green' was analysed. A model of overlapping ecological, agricultural and social systems was used to develop a wider understanding of preference formation. Through a mixed methodology, focusing on a case study approach, farmer and stakeholder world views were compared on key themes, including the 'clean green' pastoral myth, 'cues for care' and environmental issues. Media discourse as well as consumer views were used to expand understanding of the context. The study found that both farmers (within their groups) and stakeholders held different objectives and opinions on environmental issues and options for change, based on their various world views and preferences. There was general agreement both among farmers and stakeholders on the New Zealand 'clean green' image and 'cues for care', or signs that indicate good farm management. The reason for this was demonstrated to be the way in which these two aspects are communicated; through symbolic images that each individual perceived in terms of their respective world view. A symbolic form of action, an environmental management system, was trialled with farmers. Analysis indicated that national aspirations created by the 'clean green' pastoral myth required farmers to respond to environmental expectations, but that an image that symbolized environment as care and quality, rather than as place was needed to provide a less ambiguous goal. The findings of the trial were integrated with theory to interpret context and develop policy, strategy and action proposals for a system for environmental quality for the industry. The study has implications for non-regulatory mechanisms relevant to sustainable dairy farming, communication within the rural community, and branding.

The Swedish company Kockums AB, at the forefront within maritime and naval technology, is in need of a tool, document, and/or method to include environmental aspects in their product development process. This is mainly because of additional requirements put on Kockums AB from their main customer. Ship recycling is the major issue that has to be addressed and included in Kockums AB’sworking procedures. Moreover, ship recycling is a pressing issue to handle due to horrible conditions in South Asian countries, where most ship dismantling is taking place. For these reasons, the objective of this M.Sc. thesis was to integrate environmental aspects in the product development process at Kockums AB by designing and proposing a way of implementing a tool, document, and/or method. Environmental product requirements that Kockums AB is demanded to fulfill mainly derives from customers, classification societies, laws and legislations, and themselves. The Hong Kong Convention has been adapted, in 2009, but is yet to enter into force. Ship recycling is covered by the convention,and an ‘Inventory of Hazardous Materials’ has to be provided from the ship builder, and hence this is the main aspect for Kockums AB to consider. Naval ships are, however, excluded from the Hong Kong Convention. Kockums AB does not have a routine on how to handle environmental requirements nor are environmental aspects included in their product development process. Consequently, Kockums AB’senvironmental ambition should not be put too high and rather aim at follow laws. In an empiricalstudy, regarding environmental aspects at Kockums AB, difficulties were identified. Lack of environmental knowledge, communication problems, and misunderstandings regarding the ambiguous term environment showed to be most notable. The three most prominent success factors for asuccessful integration of ecodesign, from the conducted literature review and empirical findings, are education for employees, existence of an environmental champion, and top management support. A Long-term Environmental Action Plan (LEAP), which took the success factors into account and contains 18 Actions, was developed for Kockums AB, and is the ultimate result of this research. The LEAP was developed in accordance with ISO 14006, a new standard for incorporation of ecodesign in Environmental Management Systems, with the aim of reducing adverse environmental impactsthroughout a product’s lifecycle. Moreover, the proposed way of implementing the LEAP was based on a ”Plan, Do, Check, Act” methodology from Product-Oriented Environmental Management Systems (POEMS). POEMS focus on a product’s environmental efficiency throughout its lifecycle, by a systematic integration of ecodesign in the company’s strategies and practices, and hence continual improvements. This way of implementation should be familiar to Kockums AB because the company is certified according to ISO 14001, where continual improvement of environmental performance is a key factor. The proposed LEAP includes tools, documents, and methods that are to be used in daily work and product development at Kockums AB. It is a step towards environmentally conscious design and enhanced environmental knowledge at Kockums AB. Additionally, as a result of the LEAP, the expectation is that environmental conscious mindsets of employees arise.

The thesis deals with the issue of voluntary approaches to the environmental protection, it firstly describes the importance of protecting the environment, further regulation of environmental protection and possible approaches to environmental protection in the context of social development. Subsequently, attention is also paid to voluntary approaches to the environmental protection, namely the basic division of voluntary approaches to environmental management systems, environmental labeling, eco-design, cleaner production, all-out quality management and environmental management accounting. In the practical part of the text were evaluated voluntary approaches to environmental protection in selected companies, namely Unilever and Hochtief, through the realization of my research was mainly detected, whether the company was, is or will be, effective introduction of voluntary approaches to environmental protection or not, i.e. what are the motives of the company for the introduction and implementation of these voluntary approaches.

Ph. D. (Department of Logistics Management, Faculty of Management Sciences), Vaal University of Technology. / The effective practice of green supply chain has been a focus of both practitioners and researchers for almost a decade, mostly focusing on greenhouse effects and implementing full green supply chain control systems. However, not much attention has been given to empirical relationships between internal environmental management systems, green packaging management, green information systems adoption and organisational performance. The chief objective of this study was to assess the internal environmental management factors of the plastic packaging manufacturing organisations in Gauteng province in South Africa, mainly focusing on the three major internal environmental factors, namely pollution prevention plans, total quality management and environmental audits. Secondly, the study aimed to determine the relationship between green packaging management, green information systems and organisational performance. A positivist approach was used as this study is quantitative. A total number of 250 questionnaires were distributed to managers and employees of the chosen plastic packaging organisations. Although 250 questionnaires were distributed to the chosen organisations, only 230 were deemed to be fit for capturing due to some errors on the other 20 questionnaires. For data analysis the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 24) was used to generate frequency tables and graphs. Furthermore, structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to generate regression weights and standard regression weights. The factor loading was also generated using SEM as well as model fitness and path co-efficiency values. A detailed research approach was followed using a sample size of 230; the results of this study show that there is a positive significant relationship between internal environmental management systems, green packaging management and green information systems. Further, it was found that most organisations that adopt green management systems are more likely to perform better than those that do not. The study also discovered that the government policies that place emphasis on green practices, not only pressurise organisations, but also help them to be strategic. Most plastic packaging manufacturing organisations usually find it difficult to operate without polluting the environment, but this study discovered that if they control their internal environmental systems, it will be easy for these organisations to adopt environmental management systems and produce green products. Also, given the changing market environments, currently most consumers prefer green products and if organisations go green this might open up new markets for their new products and enhance performance. This study examined the importance of green packaging management from the perspective of both government policies and organisational policies. The results showed that some organisations are still struggling to align their internal environmental management process with the external environment; however, the market changes are enforcing that most plastic packaging organisations start aligning their internal management systems with external systems, as it gives them opportunities towards new products and new competitive strategies that will lead to better performance. An environmental management framework was developed in this study. The framework aims to help guide plastic manufacturers with their long- and short-term strategies. In line with non-linear relationships between variables, the study recommends the following to the plastic packaging organisations: to create pollution prevention policies and strategies to improve organisational performance by eliminating pollution and avoiding penalties from the government. Pollution prevention plans, total quality management and environmental audits were used as independent variables to measure organisational performance. In line with the linear relationship between the adoption of green packaging management and organisational performance, it is recommended to the plastic packaging organisations that enterprises facing slow-moving sales growth, profitability and general performance challenges, should use green technologies as a remedy for their problems.