Spelling suggestions: "subject:"0nvironmental law - south africa"" "subject:"0nvironmental law - south affrica""
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Environmental rights afforded to residents affected by mining activities: a case study in Hondeklip BayMohomed, Farzana 30 November 2006 (has links)
Whilst the mining industry has stimulated the economic growth of South Africa, its activities have also impacted on the social and environmental well-being of the communities and ecosystems in which it operates. Environmental degradation often severely affects the livelihoods of people in rural areas, who are often impoverished. Hondeklip Bay, a small fishing community in the Northern Cape, has been affected by the mining activities of the adjacent Hondeklip Bay Mine. The purpose of this paper is to identify whether impoverished residents affected by the detrimental effects of mining activity have rights to enforce the protection of their environment. These environmental rights pertain to an environment that is safe and not harmful to one's health and well-being. Environmental obligations of the mines as illustrated in terms of applicable legislation, and legal recourse available to the residents affected by the infringement of their environmental rights are furthermore explored. / Jurisprudence / LL.M
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The right to environment in article 54 of the transitional constitution of the Democratic Republic of Congo of 2003 : a comparative analysis between the Democratic Republic of Congo and the Republic of South AfricaBindu, Kihangi 31 March 2006 (has links)
This study examines the implementation and enforcement of the right to environment in the Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Congo, and compares it with the situation in South Africa. To date, there is no legislation in the DRC that gives effect to this right, and the gap between the guaranteed right and the reality remains significant. Guidance may be found in the South African model for implementing and enforcing environmental right(s) which is sustained by an array of legislation. While the priorities on the agenda of political leaders in the DRC lack real willingness to deal with this matter, parliament must be pressured to pass legislation that gives effect to the right to environment and to improve the current framework of environmental regulation. It is imperative to create awareness in government and at grassroots level for the protection of the environment as a human right. / Jurisprudence / LL.M.
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Environmental and developmental rights in the Southern African Development Community with specific reference to the Democratic Republic of Congo and the Republic of South AfricaBindu, Kihangi 02 1900 (has links)
This study examines the effectiveness of environmental and developmental
rights within the SADC region, especially the status of their implementation and
enforcement in the DRC and the RSA. The SADC Treaty recognizes implicitly
the rights to environment and to development. Unfortunately, the unequivocal
commitment to deal with human rights within the region is not translated with
equal force into the normative framework established by the Treaty or into
SADC’s programmed activities. No institution has been established with the
specific mandate to deal with human rights issues, neither are there any
protocols or sectors especially entrusted with human rights protection and
promotion. The SADC member States do not share the same understanding or
agenda on matters pertaining to the respect for, and the promotion, protection
and the fulfilment, of human rights at the regional level. The inception of
environmental and developmental rights within the Constitution of the DRC is
still in its infancy compared to the situation in South Africa. Implementation and
enforcement remain poor and need important support from all organs of state
and from the Congolese citizens. A strong regulatory framework pertaining to
human rights (environmental and developmental rights) remains an urgent issue.
Guidance may be found in the South African model for the implementation and
enforcement of human rights, although the realization of the right to
environment in South Africa is hampered by a number of factors that cause the
degradation of the environment. Against South Africa’s socio-economic and
political background, the constitutionalization of the right to development
remains of critical concern to a sustainable future for all. The Congolese and
South African peoples need to be made aware of their constitutional rights,
especially their environmental and development rights, and the institutions and
the mechanisms available to enforce them. They need to be empowered to demand justice as a right not as an act of charity. It is patently clear that the
authorities will not protect the environment or tackle the development agenda
unless there is a strong people’s movement to challenge the State and other role
players over environmental and development issues and ethics. / Constitutional, International & Indigenous Law / LL.D.
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The right to environment in article 54 of the transitional constitution of the Democratic Republic of Congo of 2003 : a comparative analysis between the Democratic Republic of Congo and the Republic of South AfricaBindu, Kihangi 31 March 2006 (has links)
This study examines the implementation and enforcement of the right to environment in the Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Congo, and compares it with the situation in South Africa. To date, there is no legislation in the DRC that gives effect to this right, and the gap between the guaranteed right and the reality remains significant. Guidance may be found in the South African model for implementing and enforcing environmental right(s) which is sustained by an array of legislation. While the priorities on the agenda of political leaders in the DRC lack real willingness to deal with this matter, parliament must be pressured to pass legislation that gives effect to the right to environment and to improve the current framework of environmental regulation. It is imperative to create awareness in government and at grassroots level for the protection of the environment as a human right. / Jurisprudence / LL.M.
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Law enforcement in the South African Gold Mining sector : the nexus between company, environmental and equity lawLombard, Dewan 08 1900 (has links)
Although the mining industry contributed to the development of the country by providing
infrastructure and employment, it left a negative impact on the environment. To this end, various
pieces of law were promulgated to limit environmental damage and hold those who pollute
(Mining Companies / licensees) accountable. This research focused on two study sites namely
Blyvooruitzicht and Grootvlei gold mines. Both mines underwent forced mine closure and their
environmental liabilities remained unresolved. This study focused on important laws governing
the South African gold mining sector, to form an understanding of these laws and to establish if
these laws protect the environment sufficiently or not. The study included an overview of the
current relevant legislative framework regarding mines, with the aim of identifying if there were
gaps between Mining law, Company law, B-BBEE law (Equity Law) and Environmental law. This
included an exploration of the interrelationships between the various pieces of legislation and the
challenges relating to compliance and enforcement of these mentioned laws. Further to this, the
research study investigated the requirements and responsibilities of the South African State, and
directors of mining companies.
The finding was that South African law with respect to mining companies needs minor
adjustments, but the crux of the problem is a lack of effective implementation and enforcement by
the State. There is ineffective administration of environmental quality control by the various
designated National Government Departments. Recommendations made include the need for clear
monitoring of compliance and enforcement of the environmental regulatory framework if there is
to be successful mine closure in South Africa. In addition, the South African State Government
could consider incentivizing compliance, that is, reward mining companies who uphold
environmental law. Further to this the thesis suggest the elimination of any contradictions between
the various legislations within the mining industry and stipulates that legislation must be read in
conjunction with one-another if a robust legislative framework is to exist. / Environmental Sciences / M.Sc. (Environmental Science)
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Environmental rights afforded to residents affected by mining activities: a case study in Hondeklip BayMohomed, Farzana 30 November 2006 (has links)
Whilst the mining industry has stimulated the economic growth of South Africa, its activities have also impacted on the social and environmental well-being of the communities and ecosystems in which it operates. Environmental degradation often severely affects the livelihoods of people in rural areas, who are often impoverished. Hondeklip Bay, a small fishing community in the Northern Cape, has been affected by the mining activities of the adjacent Hondeklip Bay Mine. The purpose of this paper is to identify whether impoverished residents affected by the detrimental effects of mining activity have rights to enforce the protection of their environment. These environmental rights pertain to an environment that is safe and not harmful to one's health and well-being. Environmental obligations of the mines as illustrated in terms of applicable legislation, and legal recourse available to the residents affected by the infringement of their environmental rights are furthermore explored. / Jurisprudence / LL.M
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Environmental and developmental rights in the Southern African Development Community with specific reference to the Democratic Republic of Congo and the Republic of South AfricaBindu, Kihangi 02 1900 (has links)
This study examines the effectiveness of environmental and developmental
rights within the SADC region, especially the status of their implementation and
enforcement in the DRC and the RSA. The SADC Treaty recognizes implicitly
the rights to environment and to development. Unfortunately, the unequivocal
commitment to deal with human rights within the region is not translated with
equal force into the normative framework established by the Treaty or into
SADC’s programmed activities. No institution has been established with the
specific mandate to deal with human rights issues, neither are there any
protocols or sectors especially entrusted with human rights protection and
promotion. The SADC member States do not share the same understanding or
agenda on matters pertaining to the respect for, and the promotion, protection
and the fulfilment, of human rights at the regional level. The inception of
environmental and developmental rights within the Constitution of the DRC is
still in its infancy compared to the situation in South Africa. Implementation and
enforcement remain poor and need important support from all organs of state
and from the Congolese citizens. A strong regulatory framework pertaining to
human rights (environmental and developmental rights) remains an urgent issue.
Guidance may be found in the South African model for the implementation and
enforcement of human rights, although the realization of the right to
environment in South Africa is hampered by a number of factors that cause the
degradation of the environment. Against South Africa’s socio-economic and
political background, the constitutionalization of the right to development
remains of critical concern to a sustainable future for all. The Congolese and
South African peoples need to be made aware of their constitutional rights,
especially their environmental and development rights, and the institutions and
the mechanisms available to enforce them. They need to be empowered to demand justice as a right not as an act of charity. It is patently clear that the
authorities will not protect the environment or tackle the development agenda
unless there is a strong people’s movement to challenge the State and other role
players over environmental and development issues and ethics. / Constitutional, International and Indigenous Law / LL.D.
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The effect of mining operations in Chiadzwa, Zimbabwe and Mogalakwena, Limpopo, South Africa, on the environmental human rights of local communityMasekesa, Liberty Kudzai 16 July 2015 (has links)
LLM / Department of Mercantile Law
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The carbon tax as a market-based enforcement mechanism to ensure compliance with environmental law and address pollutionVan der Merwe, Timothy David 04 December 2018 (has links)
This study emanates from the worldwide issue of climate change, as well as the need for all nations to make an effort to reduce their carbon emissions and move towards greener economies. It delves into South Africa's current command-and-control environmental enforcement regime and highlights the pitfalls that allow major air polluters to avoid sanction of any form in many instances. This poor environmental enforcement and compliance effectively means that South Africa is unlikely to be capable of meeting targets set under international agreements. The study confirms that environmental enforcement is inadequately addressed in South Africa. This is attributable to the inherent shortcomings of command-and-control approaches, including that they are inflexible and offer few incentives for firms to modify behaviour to reduce emissions. Poor enforcement of environmental legislation results in negative externalities caused by air pollution being borne by people who did not create such pollution. The study therefore advocates the use of market-based mechanisms as an alternative to traditional command-and-control approaches to environmental enforcement.
In light of the South African government's recent publication of the Draft Carbon Tax Bill, carbon taxes as a subset of market-based environmental enforcement mechanisms have the potential to better enforce the polluter pays principle. Mexico, arguably the most forward-thinking developing nation in terms of climate change mitigation, has taken numerous steps towards meeting international commitments, including the implementation of a carbon tax. While South Africa's proposed carbon tax does differ from Mexico's in some respects, the basic premise remains the same and some comparisons can be made in this regard, with accompanying lessons to be learned. Such lessons include that it is imperative that the carbon tax must be set at a high enough rate to meet international commitments whilst at the same time avoiding adverse economic effects, maintaining social welfare and stabilising economic output levels. The proposed carbon tax, while unable to achieve this on its own, is a good place to start and should be utilised in conjunction with the Draft Climate Change Bill to effectively and efficaciously bring about the required change. The proposed carbon tax undoubtedly has the potential to better hold major air polluters responsible for their CO2 and other GHG emissions. / Private Law / LL. M.
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