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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Respostas fisiológicas da rúcula ao cultivo sob telas fotoconversoras no inverno e verão / Physiological responses of rocket to photoconversor screens during winter and summer

Hirata, Edson Kiyoharu 26 March 2014 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-26T18:56:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Edson Kiyoharu Hirata.pdf: 924963 bytes, checksum: 902ffb9a22bf446a1e62f646a3763a7d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-26 / Despite producing best in mild temperatures, the rocket has been cultivated throughout the year in various regions. In tropical areas, the use of photoconversor screens of different shading levels modify the intensity of solar radiation and the spectrum of light on the crops , also changing the temperature of the environment . The aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological responses of the rocket under photoconversor screens during the winter and summer in tropical climate region in São Paulo state. The impact of this technology on productivity and anatomy was evaluated. The field experiment was conducted in randomized block design with four replications. The rocket was grown in beds covered on the top and sides with the screens red, blue, black and thermo-reflective. Additionally the treatment in full sun was evaluated. The response curve to light, chlorophyll fluorescence, chlorophyll content, adaxial and abaxial epidermis, palisade and spongy, stomatal density and venation were evaluated. The evaluation of fresh and dry biomass and productivity was performed when the rocket reached 450 degree day. The results showed that photoconversor screens distinctly modify the environment during the winter and summer, but do not cause significant changes in the photosynthetic process of plants in different screens colors and seasons studied, as well as the density of epidermal cells. In all treatments the spongy parenchyma was higher than palisade parenchyma in the summer, the reverse occurred in winter. Changes in the intensity and spectrum of light as well as the temperature provided superior performance of red screens, with higher values of height and leaf area in the winter and of the thermo-reflective screens in the summer. / Apesar de produzir melhor em temperaturas amenas, a rúcula tem sido semeada ao longo do ano em várias regiões. Em áreas tropicais, o uso de telas coloridas de diferentes níveis de sombreamento modificam a intensidade da radiação solar e o espectro de luz que incide nas culturas, o que altera também a temperatura do ambiente. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar as respostas fisiológicas da rúcula cultivada sob telas fotoconversoras no inverno e verão em região de clima tropical no Estado de São Paulo e o impacto dessa tecnologia sobre a produtividade e a anatomia da planta. O experimento foi conduzido a campo no delineamento em blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições. A rúcula foi cultivada em canteiros cobertos na parte superior e laterais pelas telas vermelha, azul, preta e Aluminet® e adicionalmente foi avaliada a testemunha a pleno sol. Foram realizadas avaliações quanto à curva de resposta à luz, fluorescência da clorofila a , teor de clorofila, epiderme adaxial e abaxial, parênquima paliçádico e esponjoso, densidade estomática e de venação. A avaliação de biomassa fresca e seca e determinação de produtividade foi realizada quando a cultura atingiu 450 graus dia. Os resultados evidenciam que as telas fotoconversoras modificam o ambiente distintamente no inverno e no verão, porém não provocam alteração significativa no processo fotossintético das plantas nas diferentes cores de tela e épocas estudadas, assim como na densidade das células epidérmicas. Em todos os tratamentos a espessura do parênquima esponjoso foi superior ao paliçádico no verão, ocorrendo o inverso no inverno. As modificações na intensidade e espectro de luz e da temperatura proporcionaram desempenho superior da tela vermelha, com maiores valores de altura e área foliar no inverno e das telas Aluminet® no verão.
2

Respostas fisiológicas da rúcula ao cultivo sob telas fotoconversoras no inverno e verão / Physiological responses of rocket to photoconversor screens during winter and summer

Hirata, Edson Kiyoharu 26 March 2014 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-18T17:51:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Edson Kiyoharu Hirata.pdf: 924963 bytes, checksum: 902ffb9a22bf446a1e62f646a3763a7d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-26 / Despite producing best in mild temperatures, the rocket has been cultivated throughout the year in various regions. In tropical areas, the use of photoconversor screens of different shading levels modify the intensity of solar radiation and the spectrum of light on the crops , also changing the temperature of the environment . The aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological responses of the rocket under photoconversor screens during the winter and summer in tropical climate region in São Paulo state. The impact of this technology on productivity and anatomy was evaluated. The field experiment was conducted in randomized block design with four replications. The rocket was grown in beds covered on the top and sides with the screens red, blue, black and thermo-reflective. Additionally the treatment in full sun was evaluated. The response curve to light, chlorophyll fluorescence, chlorophyll content, adaxial and abaxial epidermis, palisade and spongy, stomatal density and venation were evaluated. The evaluation of fresh and dry biomass and productivity was performed when the rocket reached 450 degree day. The results showed that photoconversor screens distinctly modify the environment during the winter and summer, but do not cause significant changes in the photosynthetic process of plants in different screens colors and seasons studied, as well as the density of epidermal cells. In all treatments the spongy parenchyma was higher than palisade parenchyma in the summer, the reverse occurred in winter. Changes in the intensity and spectrum of light as well as the temperature provided superior performance of red screens, with higher values of height and leaf area in the winter and of the thermo-reflective screens in the summer. / Apesar de produzir melhor em temperaturas amenas, a rúcula tem sido semeada ao longo do ano em várias regiões. Em áreas tropicais, o uso de telas coloridas de diferentes níveis de sombreamento modificam a intensidade da radiação solar e o espectro de luz que incide nas culturas, o que altera também a temperatura do ambiente. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar as respostas fisiológicas da rúcula cultivada sob telas fotoconversoras no inverno e verão em região de clima tropical no Estado de São Paulo e o impacto dessa tecnologia sobre a produtividade e a anatomia da planta. O experimento foi conduzido a campo no delineamento em blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições. A rúcula foi cultivada em canteiros cobertos na parte superior e laterais pelas telas vermelha, azul, preta e Aluminet® e adicionalmente foi avaliada a testemunha a pleno sol. Foram realizadas avaliações quanto à curva de resposta à luz, fluorescência da clorofila a , teor de clorofila, epiderme adaxial e abaxial, parênquima paliçádico e esponjoso, densidade estomática e de venação. A avaliação de biomassa fresca e seca e determinação de produtividade foi realizada quando a cultura atingiu 450 graus dia. Os resultados evidenciam que as telas fotoconversoras modificam o ambiente distintamente no inverno e no verão, porém não provocam alteração significativa no processo fotossintético das plantas nas diferentes cores de tela e épocas estudadas, assim como na densidade das células epidérmicas. Em todos os tratamentos a espessura do parênquima esponjoso foi superior ao paliçádico no verão, ocorrendo o inverso no inverno. As modificações na intensidade e espectro de luz e da temperatura proporcionaram desempenho superior da tela vermelha, com maiores valores de altura e área foliar no inverno e das telas Aluminet® no verão.
3

Arugula Crop Production in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions: Nutritional Value, Postharvest Quality, and Sustainability in Controlled Environments

Hamilton, Jeffrey Muir January 2009 (has links)
Plant responses to abiotic stress are neither singular nor linear. The research represented within this dissertation was intended to evaluate selected biochemical and physiological responses in two Arugulas (Images 1-5), to agronomic interventions designed to mitigate extreme environmental abiotic factors, characteristic of arid agricultural production regions. Plant stress responses were investigated under field conditions and within controlled environments (CE), during the course of a preliminary trial and three independent studies, all four directly related. The preliminary trial evaluated harvest and postharvest nutritional content (i.e., antioxidants) of two Arugulas, Eruca sativa (L.) Cav. ssp. sativa (P. Mill.) and Diplotaxis tenuifolia (L.) DC cv. Sylvetta; grown under field conditions in the semi-arid upper Sonoran Desert. In this trial, we defined baseline harvest and postharvest antioxidant values for the Arugulas, cultivated in a semi-arid environment. The initial study, conducted within a CE utilizing a water recycling system, evaluated changes in the nutritional value of three specialty leafy cruciferous vegetables: D. tenuifolia, E. sativa and Lepidium sativum; when subjected to increasing salinity levels in the nutrient solution. It was concluded that, when specific Crucifers are irrigated with moderately high levels of salinity, neither harvest nor postharvest nutritional values are compromised. The second study, investigated the response of a suite of plant physiological parameters (e.g., yield and photosynthetic rate) in the three Crucifers to salinity, within the CE. This research provided guideline salinity values where yields did not decline, and encourages growers to consider water resources compromised by salinity and nutrient solution recycling. During the third study, the influence of environmental conditions on the nutritional content in leafy vegetables, prevalent immediately before harvest, was investigated; by subjecting plants to reduced sunlight treatments and early irrigation termination. We observed that, modulating light intensity late in the season, and early irrigation termination strategies, modify the nutritional content of leafy vegetables; and potentially the subsequent postharvest shelf life. Collectively evaluated, this research suggests that simple agronomic interventions are valuable, yet practicable, tools that can enhance the nutritional content of specialty vegetables, in arid regions: be that intervention an imposed controlled-stress, utilizing nutrient recycling systems within a CE, or basic light-reduction and irrigation termination strategies within conventional fields systems.
4

Efecto combinado de la luz UV-C y envases activos estafa antimicrobianos naturales sobre hojas de rúcula "Baby" (Eruca sativa)

Luna Inca, Ruth Isabel January 2014 (has links)
Tesis para optar al Grado de Magíster en Ciencias Agropecuarias, Mención Producción Agroindustrial / En los últimos años se ha incrementado la demanda de productos mínimamente procesadas en fresco, existiendo una real necesidad de encontrar alternativas de conservación que eviten el uso de antimicrobianos sintéticos. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de envases activos con distintas concentraciones de antimicrobianos naturales (citral y carvacrol) y posteriormente, combinar la luz UV-C (10 kJm-2) utilizada como pretratamiento, con los envases activos seleccionados, sobre rúcula “baby” (Eruca sativa). La concentración atmosférica al interior de las bolsas (CO2 y O2) no se vio afectada por las dosis de citral (Ci: 100, 150 y 350 μL) ni de carvacrol (Ca: 75, 100 y 150 μL) evaluadas. El efecto antimicrobiano del citral fue positivo sólo en los 3 primeros días de conservación; mientras que la mayor inhibición microbiológica se logró con el tratamiento 75 Ca. El color de la rúcula en los envases activos no presentó variación entre tratamientos con el tiempo; sin embargo, el testigo BP tendió a mostrar hojas más claras. El contenido fenólico y la capacidad antioxidante no fue afectado por el citral; mientras que los tratamientos 75 y 100 Ca presentaron un mayor contenido fenólico y capacidad antioxidante respecto del control. El último ensayo combinó UV-C con los envases activos con las dosis seleccionadas de antimicrobianos (150 Ci; 75 Ca; mezcla 150 Ci + 75 Ca). La concentración de O2 disminuyó rápidamente y visualmente las hojas no fueron afectadas. La aplicación de UV-C con la mezcla de antimicrobianos resultó ser más efectiva para reducir microorganismos aerobios mesófilos, enterobacterias y psicrótrofos. El contenido de fenoles y la vitamina C no se vieron afectados por los tratamientos, a diferencia de la capacidad antioxidante que disminuyó. Los envases activos con antimicrobianos naturales y el UV-C, podrían aportar como una técnica de métodos combinados innovadora para retrasar el crecimiento microbiano, manteniendo el color verde en ensaladas de rúcula “baby” / In recent years, the demand for minimally processed fresh products has increased and there is a real need to find preservation alternatives that avoid the use of synthetic antimicrobials. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of active packaging with different concentrations of natural antimicrobials (citral and carvacrol) and then to combine the UV-C light (10 kJ m-2) used as pre-treatment, with the selected active packages on baby arugula (Eruca sativa). The atmospheric concentration inside the bags (CO2 and O2) was not affected by the evaluated doses of citral (Ci: 100, 150 and 350 μL) or carvacrol (Ca: 75, 100 and 150 μL). The antimicrobial effect of citral was positive only in the first 3 days of storage, while most microbiological inhibition was achieved with 75 Ca treatment. The color of arugula in active packaging showed no variation between treatments over time, but the control (BP) tended to show clear leaves. The phenolic content and antioxidant activity were not affected by citral, while the 75 and 100 Ca treatments had a higher phenolic content and antioxidant capacity compared to the control. The last test combined UV-C with active packaging with selected antimicrobial doses (150 Ci; 75 Ca; mix 75 150 Ci + Ca). The O2 concentration decreased rapidly and visually the leaves were not affected. The application of UV-C with the mixture of antimicrobials was more effective in reducing aerobic mesophilic and psychrotrophic microorganisms and enterobacteria. The content of phenols and vitamin C were not affected by the treatments, unlike antioxidant activity which decreased. Active packaging with natural antimicrobials and UV-C could contribute as an innovative technique of combined methods to retard microbial growth, maintaining the green color of baby arugula salads.
5

Adubação nitrogenada em rúcula: efeitos no crescimento, produtividade e nutrição / Nitrogen fertilization in rocket: effects on growth, productivity and nutrition

Silva, Paulo Henrique Soares 07 November 2017 (has links)
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No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_phs_me_jabo.pdf: 1324447 bytes, checksum: 0a31631931bf7d8856203d7c9fcd70a5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-11-07 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O nitrogênio é um elemento requerido em maior quantidade pela maioria das culturas e o segundo mais acumulado pela rúcula. Neste contexto, o trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de doses de nitrogênio no crescimento e na produtividade da rúcula. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Foram avaliados seis tratamentos (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 e 250 kg ha-1 de N). A rúcula caracteriza-se por apresentar crescimento inicial lento, tendo maior exigência nutricional no final do ciclo, com isso, as melhores respostas foram obtidas aos 35 dias após a emergência. O teor máximo de nitrato estimado foi de 2,1 g kg-1 de massa seca obtido com aplicação da dose de 250 kg ha-1 de N, que corresponde a 146 mg kg-1 de massa fresca e está muito abaixo do limite máximo tolerável. As doses crescentes de nitrogênio pronunciaram-se positivamente sobre a altura de plantas, número de folhas, área foliar, massa fresca e seca da parte aérea. A máxima produtividade de rúcula (4,53 kg m-2) foi obtida com 223 kg ha-1 de nitrogênio. O teor de nitrato na dose que maximiza a produtividade não é uma característica que prejudica a qualidade da rúcula. / Nitrogen is an element required in greater quantity by most of the crops and the second most accumulated nutrient by rocket. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of different nitrogen rates on rocket growth and productivity. A randomized complete block design with four replications. Six treatments were evaluated (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 kg ha-1 of N). Rocket is characterized as a vegetable which presents slow initial growth, having a higher nutritional requirement at the end of its cycle. Therefore, the best plant responses in this study were obtained at 35 days after the emergence of seedlings. The maximum estimated nitrate content was 2.1 g kg-1 of plant dry mass obtained with the application of 250 kg ha-1 of N, which corresponds to 146 mg kg-1 of plant fresh mass. This is considered below the maximum tolerable limit. The increasing nitrogen doses in this study were positively correlated with plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, and fresh and dry mass of the crop canopy. Rocket maximum yield production in this study (4.53 kg m-2) was obtained with 223 kg ha-1 of N. The nitrate content in the dose which maximizes the productivity is not a characteristic that negatively affects rocket quality.
6

Metodologias para avaliação do potencial fisiológico de sementes de rúcula

Alves, Charline Zaratin [UNESP] 21 September 2007 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:35:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-09-21Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:26:11Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 alves_cz_dr_ilha.pdf: 323035 bytes, checksum: c95291c056cc063a488bab38c333ce81 (MD5) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / A qualidade da semente utilizada no processo de produção agrícola é um dos principais fatores a ser considerado para a implantação da cultura, havendo consenso entre todos os segmentos, sobre a importância do vigor das sementes e da necessidade de avaliá-lo. O trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a eficiência de diferentes métodos na avaliação do potencial fisiológico de sementes de rúcula, buscando indicar opções para utilização em programas de controle de qualidade adotados por instituições produtoras de sementes dessa espécie. Para tanto, o estudo foi conduzido utilizando cinco lotes de sementes das cultivares Rúcula Cultivada e Rúcula Gigante. Foram realizados os testes de germinação, primeira contagem de germinação, emergência de plântulas em casa de vegetação e estudos específicos para os testes de deterioração controlada (graus de umidade de 18%, 21% e 24%, a 45ºC, durante 24 e 48 horas), de envelhecimento acelerado, com e sem solução salina (períodos de 48, 72 e 96 horas, a 38ºC, 41ºC e 45ºC), de condutividade elétrica (temperaturas de 20ºC, 25ºC e 30ºC, volumes de 25mL, 50mL e 75mL de água, 25 e 50 sementes, e períodos de 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 18 e 24 horas) e de lixiviação de potássio (temperaturas de 25ºC e 30ºC, volumes de 50mL e 75mL de água, 50 e 100 sementes, e períodos de 30 minutos, 1 h, 1,5 h, 2 h, 2,5 h, 3, 4 e 5 h). Concluiu-se que o teste de deterioração controlada e o teste de envelhecimento acelerado (procedimento tradicional) não são eficientes para avaliação do vigor das sementes de rúcula. O teste de condutividade elétrica utilizando 50 sementes/50mL, a 25ºC por 4 horas; de lixiviação de potássio utilizando 50 sementes/50mL, a 30ºC por 2 horas; e de envelhecimento acelerado (com solução salina) utilizando a combinação 41ºC por 72 horas, apresentaram sensibilidade suficiente para avaliação do potencial fisiológico das sementes de rúcula. / The quality of the seed used in the process of agricultural production is one of the main factors to be considered for the implantation of the culture, having consensus between all the segments, on the importance of the vigor of the seeds and the necessity to evaluate it. The work had as objective to study the efficiency of different methods in the evaluation of the physiological potential of seeds of arugula, searching to indicate options for use in programs of quality control adopted by producing institutions of seeds of this specie. Five seed lots each from the Rucula Cultivada e Rucula Gigante were used. The following tests were performed: germination, germination first count and seedling emergence. Specific studies were also conducted to the following tests: controlled deterioration (seed moisture content of 18%, 21% and 24%, at 45oC, for 24 and 48 hours), traditional accelerated aging, saturated salt accelerated aging (for 48, 72 and 96 hours, at 38oC, 41oC and 45oC), electrical conductivity (25 or 50 seeds imbibed in 25 mL, 50 mL or 75 mL in water, at 20oC, 25oC and 30oC, for 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 18 and 24 hours) and potassium leachate (50 or 100 seeds imbibed in 50 mL or 75 mL in water, at 25oC and 30oC, for 30 minutes, 1 h, 1,5 h, 2 h, 2,5 h, 3, 4 e 5 h). It was concluded that controlled deterioration and accelerated aging (tradicional procedure) tests, does not constitute an efficient option for the vigor evaluation of arugula seeds. The electrical conductivity using 50 seeds/50mL, at 25oC for 4 hours; the potassium lixiviation using 50 seeds/50mL, at 30oC for 2 hours; and the saturated salt accelerated aging using 41oC for 72 hours, showed to be sufficiently sensitive for the evaluation of the physiological potential of arugula seeds.
7

Caracterização biológica, serológica e molecular de Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) infectando rúcula, alface e acelga / Biological, serological and molecular characterization of Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) infecting rocket, lettuce and chard.

Ribeiro Junior, Marcos Roberto 26 February 2018 (has links)
Submitted by MARCOS ROBERTO RIBEIRO JUNIOR (marcosrrjr@gmail.com) on 2018-05-08T22:29:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação MRRJ.pdf: 1724799 bytes, checksum: 037c8e4ad5333c640f804b844d4e1c8f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Lucia Martins Frederico null (mlucia@fca.unesp.br) on 2018-05-09T11:47:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ribeiro junior_mr_me_botfca.pdf: 1584829 bytes, checksum: 17f199c24c786ad5706005cd000ce73f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-09T11:47:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ribeiro junior_mr_me_botfca.pdf: 1584829 bytes, checksum: 17f199c24c786ad5706005cd000ce73f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-26 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A partir do ano de 2016, anormalidades foram observadas em campos de produção de rúcula (Eruca sativa) no interior do estado de São Paulo, região de Botucatu. As plantas acometidas apresentavam mosaico, redução drástica no crescimento e deformação foliar, sintomas típicos da infeção por vírus. Associadas as essas plantas, também foram observadas altas populações de pulgões/afídeos e de plantas daninhas, como nabiça (Raphanus raphanistrum) e nabo forrageiro (Brassica rapa) apresentando sintomas de mosaico. Inicialmente, as plantas foram submetidas ao teste de ELISA indireto usando um antissoro para potyvirus, em seguida foi realizada a extração de RNA total e RT-PCR, utilizando as amostras ELISA-positivas. A sequência correspondente à região codificadora para a proteína capsidial foi obtida e o vírus foi identificado como Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV). Posteriormente outros campos de produção de folhosas foram visitados no Estado de São Paulo (região de Bragança Paulista e Mogi-Mirim) e o TuMV foi novamente identificado em rúcula, porém também em alface (Lactuca sativa) e acelga (Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris). Analises biológicas e moleculares agruparam ambos os isolados de TuMV no grupo Brassica-Raphanus (BR), que inclui isolados infectando espécies de Brassica e Raphanus. É apresentado aqui o primeiro relato de TuMV naturalmente infectando rúcula, alface e acelga no Brasil. De acordo com a análise filogenética, pelo menos duas introduções diferentes de isolados de TuMV ocorreram no Brasil, correspondendo aos tipos basal-BR e world-B, infectando Brassica/Raphanus e Brassica, respectivamente. / Abnormalities have been observed in rocket (Eruca sativa) fields in Botucatu, Sao Paulo state, Brazil since 2016. Symptoms of mosaic, reduction in foliar growth and deformation, typical symptoms of virus infection were observed in rocket plants. Associated to these plants we also found high populations of aphids, as well as raphanus weeds (Raphanus raphanistrum) and forage turnip (Brassica rapa) with mosaic symptoms. Initially, the plants were submitted to indirect ELISA using a potyvirus antiserum, and then total RNA extraction and RT-PCR were performed using the ELISA-positive samples. The complete coat protein sequence was obtained and the virus was identified as Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV). Later, other fields were visited in Sao Paulo state (cities of Bragança Paulista and Mogi-Mirim) and TuMV was again identified not only in rocket, but also in lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and chard (Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris). Biological and molecular analysis grouped both TuMV isolates in the Brassica-Raphanus (BR) clade, which includes isolates infecting Brassica and Raphanus species. Here is the first report of rocket, lettuce and chard naturally infected with TuMV in Brazil. According to the phylogenetic analysis, at least two different introductions of TuMV isolates occurred in Brazil, corresponding to the basal-BR and world-B types, infecting Brassica/Raphanus and Brassica, respectively.
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Efeito de diferentes doses de composto fermentado “tipo bokashi” na produção de rúcula

Soares, Kirk Renato Moraes, 92-98151-9565 11 May 2018 (has links)
Submitted by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2018-08-02T18:52:55Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO KIRK 10-05-18.pdf: 636757 bytes, checksum: 9cf460278b45df500cffd08a3fe69ac5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2018-08-02T18:53:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO KIRK 10-05-18.pdf: 636757 bytes, checksum: 9cf460278b45df500cffd08a3fe69ac5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-02T18:53:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO KIRK 10-05-18.pdf: 636757 bytes, checksum: 9cf460278b45df500cffd08a3fe69ac5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-05-11 / CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Fermented compounds appear as an alternative to the use of high solubility fertilizers. These originate in Japan as bokashi and can be elaborated using different sources of animal, vegetable and mineral origin. The materials undergo a fermentation process by the action of microorganisms collected in the soils and litter of forests and/or in baking fermentations. The objective of this dissertation was to evaluate the productivity of arugula (Eruca sativa L.) applying different doses of fermented compound bokashi type. The experiment was conducted at the experimental farm of UFAM, located at BR 174, km 38, Manaus - Presidente Figueiredo - Amazonas, during the months of November to December 2017. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with five treatments and four replications. The treatments consisted of five doses of fermented compound - 0, 100, 200, 300, 400 g/m², consisting of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 t/ha² of fermented compound - the elaboration of the compound (fermentative process) occurred over a period of ten days, with two bursts in the first three days and in the next seven days only one bump, a 300g sample was taken for analysis. The compound was incorporated three days prior to the implantation of the experiment at layer 0 at 5 cm depth. The cultivar used was the broad leaf arugula. The means of the treatments were compared by the F test at 5% probability level of analysis of variance (ANOVA) and regression analysis. The evaluated variables: height, dry and fresh mass of the root and the plant. The dose 3 t/ha² presented better agronomic performance for all analyzed variables, except for height. Demonstrating that the fermented compound - bokashi - is a viable alternative to the production of arugula vegetables for the edaphoclimatic conditions of the region of BR 174, Manaus - AM. / Os compostos fermentados surgem como alternativa ao uso de adubos de alta solubilidade. Estes tem origem no Japão como bokashi, podendo ser elaborado utilizando diferentes fontes de origem animal, vegetal e minerais. Os materiais passam por processo fermentativo pela ação de microrganismos coletados nos solos e serrapilheira das matas (EM) e/ou nos fermentos de panificação. O objetivo desta dissertação foi avaliar a produtividade de rúcula (Eruca sativa L.) aplicando diferentes doses do composto fermentado tipo bokashi. O experimento foi conduzido na fazenda experimental da UFAM/FAEXP, localizada na BR 174, km 38, Manaus – Presidente Figueiredo - Amazonas, durante os meses de novembro a dezembro de 2017. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso com cinco tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram em cinco doses de composto fermentado – 0, 100, 200, 300, 400 g/m2, consistindo em 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 t/ha2 de composto fermentado – a elaboração do composto ( processo fermentativo) ocorreu ao longo de dez dias, com duas reviragem nos três primeiro dias e nos sete seguintes realizando apenas uma reviragem, foi retirada uma amostra de 300g para analise. O composto foi incorporado três dias antes da implantação do experimento na camada 0 a 5 cm de profundidade. A cultivar utilizada foi a rúcula folha larga. As médias dos tratamentos foram comparadas pelo teste F ao nível de 5% de probabilidade da análise de variância (ANOVA) e analise de regressão. As variáveis avaliadas: altura, massa seca e fresca da raiz e da planta. A dose 3 t/ha2 apresentou melhor desempenho agronômico para todas variáveis analisadas, exceto para variável altura. Demonstrando que o composto fermentado – bokashi – é uma alternativa viável a produção da hortaliça rúcula para as condições edafoclimáticas da região da BR 174, Manaus – AM.
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Desempenho agronômico de cultivares de rúcula em cultivo de primavera e inverno sob sombreamento

Abade, Mayra Taniely Ribeiro 27 February 2018 (has links)
Submitted by Helena Bejio (helena.bejio@unioeste.br) on 2018-06-08T13:55:40Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Mayra_Abade_2018.pdf: 1727178 bytes, checksum: fd9aa21c43fe39097615513715aa0c8b (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-08T13:55:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Mayra_Abade_2018.pdf: 1727178 bytes, checksum: fd9aa21c43fe39097615513715aa0c8b (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The objective of this work was to evaluate the morphometry, growth, physiology and chemical composition of two arugula cultivars in four growing environments (full sun, 30%, 50% and 70% shading) in spring and winter and in protected environment in the spring . The experiments in culture environment were conducted in randomized blocks with four replicates, while the one conducted in a protected environment had eight blocks. In the spring and summer shades were tested, in the cultivars of Arugula Folha Larga and Cultivada. In the spring in a greenhouse, three cultivars of arugula (Folha Larga, Cultivada and Donatella) were tested. The parameters analyzed in all the experiments were: leaf area; number of leaves; diameter of the collection and mass of dry matter, was also performed growth analysis and determination of photosynthetic pigments, and quality analysis in the winter experiment. The results of article I demonstrate that the use of shading in arugula culture is only beneficial to some extent, abrupt reductions in solar radiation negatively affect plant morphology, physiology and biochemistry. In the second article it was obtained that the cultivars of Arugula Folha Larga and Cultivada are agronomically more efficient than the cv. Donatella, under the conditions studied, because they present better quantitative and qualitative performance, besides better morphophysiological indexes, when cultivated in a protected environment. At certain periods the air temperature was higher than the crop limit, however, there were no damages to the plant growth and production. In the third article, the arugula morphometry was influenced by the amount of radiation to which the plant is exposed; plants grown in more shaded environments (70%) had lower values of leaf area, leaf number, collection diameter, mass of dry matter and height. Plants submitted to higher light regimes reached higher absolute growth rate, relative growth rate, net assimilation rate and relative growth rate of leaf area, when compared to plants submitted to lower light intensities, which presented higher leaf area ratio. Environmental factors such as light, temperature significantly affect the net assimilation rate, relative growth rate, absolute growth rate, of these plants. Regarding production, the results obtained for full sun, 30% and 50% did not differ statistically from each other and were satisfactory, while 70% shading resulted in lower production averages. For the quality of arugula plants demonstrated in the fourth article, it was observed that it is directly influenced by environmental conditions and also varies depending on the cultivar used. For arugula cultivation in winter, the environment that provided plants with the best chemical quality results was 30% shading. / O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a morfometria, crescimento, fisiologia e composição química de duas cultivares de rúcula em quatro ambientes de cultivo (pleno sol, 30%, 50% e 70% de sombreamento) na primavera e inverno e em ambiente protegido na primavera. Os experimentos em ambiente de cultivo foram conduzidos em blocos ao acaso,com quatro repetições, enquanto que o conduzido em ambiente protegido contou com oito blocos. Na primavera e verão foram testados sombreamentos, nas cultivares de rúcula Folha Larga e Cultivada. Na primavera em casa de vegetação foram testadas três cultivares de rúcula (Folha Larga, Cultivada e Donatella). Os parâmetros analisados em todos os experimentos foram: área foliar; número de folhas; diâmetro do coleto e massa de matéria seca, também foi realizada análise de crescimento e determinação de pigmentos fotossintetizantes, e analise de qualidade no experimento de inverno. Os resultados do artigo I demonstram que o uso de sombreamento na cultura da rúcula só é benéfico até certo ponto, reduções bruscas de radiação solar afetam negativamente a morfologia, fisiologia e bioquímica da planta. No segundo artigo obteve-se que as cultivares de rúcula Folha Larga e Cultivada são agronomicamente mais eficientes que a cv. Donatella, nas condições estudadas, por apresentarem melhor desempenho quantitativo e qualitativo, além de melhores índices morfofisiológicos, quando cultivadas em ambiente protegido. Em determinados períodos a temperatura do ar foi maior que o limite da cultura, no entanto, não houve prejuízos ao crescimento do vegetal e à produção. No terceiro artigo teve-se que a morfometria da rúcula é influenciada pela quantidade de radiação a qual a planta é exposta, plantas cultivadas em ambientes mais sombreado (70%) apresentaram menores valores de área foliar, número de folhas, diâmetro do coleto, massa de matéria seca e altura. Plantas submetidas a maiores regimes de luz atingiram maiores taxa de crescimento absoluto, taxa de crescimento relativo, taxa de assimilação liquida e taxa de crescimento relativo da área foliar, quando comparadas a plantas submetidas a menores intensidades luminosas, as quais apresentaram maior razão de área foliar. Fatores ambientais como a luz, temperatura afetam sensivelmente a taxa de assimilação liquida, taxa de crescimento relativo, taxa de crescimento absoluto, destas plantas. Quanto à produção os resultados obtidos para pleno sol, 30% e 50% não diferiram estatisticamente entre si e foram satisfatórios, enquanto que 70% de sombreamento resultou em menores médias de produção. Para qualidade de plantas de rúcula demonstrada no quarto artigo, observou-se que a mesma é diretamente influenciada pelas condições ambientais e também varia dependendo da cultivar utilizada. Para cultivo de rúcula no inverno o ambiente que proporcionou plantas com melhores resultados de qualidade química foi 30% de sombreamento.
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Aplicación de sanitizantes en hojas de rúcula (Eruca sativa) conservadas en atmósfera modificada

Lagos Razeto, María Carolina January 2010 (has links)
Memoria para optar a título profesional de Ingeniero Agrónomo Mención Agroindustria / Las hojas de rúcula (Eruca vesicaria) se han introducido al mercado del mínimo proceso debido al gran interés por ensaladas listas para consumir. El hipoclorito de sodio, es el sanitizante utilizado en la industria de los alimentos por excelencia. Sin embargo, su uso está comenzando a ser cuestionado, ya que produce compuestos perjudiciales para la salud. El objetivo de este trabajo, que estuvo formado por 2 ensayos, el primero en primavera y el segundo en verano, fue evaluar distintos sanitizantes como dióxido de cloro (DC 5 y 10 mg/L), clorito de sodio acidificado (CSA 250 y 500 mg/L), ácido peroxiacético (AP 50 y 90 mg/L) e hipoclorito de sodio (HS AMP 100 mg/L) en hojas de rúcula conservadas en bolsas plásticas bajo atmósfera modificada pasiva por 10 días a 5° C. Además, se utilizó hipoclorito de sodio (HS Bp 100 mg/L) en bolsas perforadas para evaluar el efecto de la atmósfera al interior de la bolsa. Luego se realizó un segundo ensayo, seleccionando los tratamientos que mostraron mejores resultados en los parámetros evaluados. Los parámetros evaluados fueron respiración, concentración de gases, color: L, Hab, C*; análisis microbiológico y evaluación sensorial. Se utilizó un diseño experimental completamente al azar con 3 repeticiones por tratamientos. En ambos ensayos, el equilibrio en la concentración de gases se alcanzó entre los días 4 a 7. Se lograron altos niveles de CO2 (>5%) y bajos de O2 (<5%), retardando la senescencia, por lo que se mantuvo el color verde oscuro. Durante el almacenamiento, el color verde de las hojas tendió levemente al color amarillo. En el Ensayo I (primavera), CSA 500 fue el tratamiento que obtuvo menores recuentos de mesófilos, enterobacterias, y psicrófilos con 4,3, 4,7 y 3,1 log/UFC*g respectivamente, seguido por CSA 250 con 5,1, 5,2 y 3,2 log/UFC*g respectivamente. Para enterobacterias, pasado el día 4, todos los tratamientos excedían el límite legal (>3,7 log/UFC*g), exceptuando CSA 500. La calidad sensorial tendió a disminuir con el tiempo, sobre todo la apariencia, donde DC 10 fue el mejor evaluado con 9,4. En el Ensayo II (verano), todos los tratamientos resultaron ser eficaces, por lo tanto, los sanitizantes utilizados sirven como alternativa al hipoclorito de sodio. / Rocket leaves (Eruca vesicaria), has been introduced in the minimally processed market due to the great interest in new ready to eat vegetables. Sodium hypochlorite is the most widely used sanitizer in minimally processing but its safety for human beings is being questioned. The aim of this study, which was performed with 2 experiments, one in spring and the other in summer, was to evaluate the effect of different sanitizers, chlorine dioxide (DC 5 and 10 mg/L), acidified sodium chlorite (CSA 250 and 500 mg/L), peroxyacetic acid (AP 50 and 90 mg/L) and sodium hypochlorite (HS AMP 100 mg/L), in rocket leaves stored in plastic bags as passive modified atmosphere for 10 days at 5 °C. In addition, rocket leaves were immersed in sodium hypochlorite and packed in perforated bags (HS Bp 100 mg/L) to evaluate the atmosphere effect. A second experiment was performed selecting those effective treatments. Evaluated parameters were respiration, gas concentration inside the bags, color: L, Hab, C*; microbiological analysis, and sensory quality. A completely randomized design with three replicates per treatment was performed. In both experiments, the steady gas concentration balance was achieved after 4 to 7 days, reaching high CO2 (>5%) levels and low O2 (<5%) levels, delaying senescence, so green color was kept. During the storage the green color of leaves were changing slightly to yellow. In the Spring experiment, CSA 500 had lower mesophilic, enterobacterias, and psychrophiles counts with 4.3, 4.7 and 3.1 log/UFC*g respectively, followed by CSA 250 with 5.1, 5.2 y 3.2 log/CFU*g respectively. For Enterobacterias, after 4 days, all treatments exceeded legal limit (>3.7 log/CFU*g), except CSA 500. The sensory quality tended to decline over time, especially appearance, where DC 10 was the best scored with 9.4. In the 2nd experience all treatments were found effective, therefore, all sanitizers could be used as an alternative to sodium hypochlorite.

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