Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:27:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Juliana_Allegretti.pdf: 581604 bytes, checksum: 43c3a099ad486a206a3d11d8a20acbdb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-02-22 / Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas / The purpose of this study was the evaluation and the comparison between married and single women regarding the incidence of stress, the stressful sources and the confrontation strategies to deal with tension. The association among symptoms, sources and strategies has been investigated. The number of women that participated was 21: a group of 10 women with high leveleduaction, professionally active, married and with children, having in average 37 years; another group of 11 college studentes (2nd. and 3rd.year), single and without children with the average of 19,8 years. The study showed high incidence of stress with predominance of psychological symptoms disclosed in both the groups, indicating that the strategies of confrontation used by the participants are insufficient or inadequate. About the stressful sources there was no significant statistics difference between the groups, however it was observed that with more stressful sources the level of stress presented became higher, what leads to the recommendation of implementing stress control programs in the prophylactic level as well in the treatment level. New studies would be really relevant to verify the real factors that determine the prevalence of decurrently symptoms of excessive stress in women. / Este estudo objetivou avaliar e comparar mulheres casadas e mulheres solteiras quanto ? incid?ncia de stress, fontes estressoras e estrat?gias de enfrentamento usadas para lidar com a tens?o. Correlacionaram-se sintomas, fontes e estrat?gias. As participantes foram um total de 21 mulheres, sendo um grupo de 10 mulheres com n?vel superior completo, profissionalmente ativas, casadas e com filhos, tendo em m?dia 37 anos e outro grupo de 11 mulheres universit?rias de 2? e 3? ano, solteiras e sem filhos com idade m?dia de 19,8 anos. O estudo revelou em ambos os grupos alta incid?ncia de stress com predomin?ncia de sintomas psicol?gicos indicando que as estrat?gias de enfrentamento utilizadas pelas participantes s?o insuficientes ou inadequadas. Quanto ?s fontes estressoras n?o houve diferen?a estat?stica significante entre os grupos, por?m observou-se que quanto mais estressores mais elevado era o n?vel de stress, o que leva a recomenda??o de que se instituam programas de controle do stress tanto a n?vel profil?tico como de tratamento. Estudos posteriores seriam de grande relev?ncia para a verifica??o dos reais determinantes da preval?ncia de sintomas decorrentes do stress excessivo nas mulheres.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-07-03T12:09:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 HedyanneGuerraPereira_DISSERT.pdf: 2086737 bytes, checksum: 40c97cbf5242cc256c76b7cf51a6f606 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-07-05T12:11:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 HedyanneGuerraPereira_DISSERT.pdf: 2086737 bytes, checksum: 40c97cbf5242cc256c76b7cf51a6f606 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-05T12:11:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 HedyanneGuerraPereira_DISSERT.pdf: 2086737 bytes, checksum: 40c97cbf5242cc256c76b7cf51a6f606 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-01-30 / Introdu??o: O estudo do enfrentamento de situa??es estressoras na inf?ncia ? considerado importante, visto que ao longo dessa etapa do desenvolvimento, a crian?a aprende as modalidades b?sicas da exist?ncia humana, que influenciam na forma com que ela se relaciona com o mundo e integra suas experi?ncias. Nesse contexto, a literatura enfatiza a necessidade de aprofundar a potencialidade de medidas de enfrentamento infantil baseadas no autorrelato. Diante disso, considera-se oportuno disponibilizar vers?es brasileiras de ferramentas advindas de investiga??es bem estabelecidas em outras culturas, como o instrumento Kidcope, medida de autorrelato, que investiga estrat?gias de enfrentamento utilizadas por crian?as e adolescentes de 7 a 12 anos em situa??es estressoras. Objetivo: Adaptar transculturalmente o Kidcope para o Portugu?s (Brasil). M?todo: Pesquisa metodol?gica, transversal. Realizou-se equival?ncia conceitual e de itens, sem?ntica e operacional entre o instrumento original e a vers?o brasileira; e a equival?ncia de mensura??o. Resultados: Evidenciou-se boa equival?ncia conceitual e de itens, al?m de sem?ntica, entre os itens do instrumento original e das retrotradu??es, sobretudo quanto ? d?ade T2 ? R2. Quanto ? equival?ncia operacional, foram inclu?das 33 crian?as, que avaliaram o instrumento como adequado e compreens?vel. Na de mensura??o, participaram 150 crian?as, com m?dia de idade de aproximadamente 9 anos. Verificou-se que as estrat?gias mais utilizadas s?o as de enfrentamento ativo e de evita??o, consideradas mais eficazes pelos participantes. Por meio do Alfa de Cronbach, constatou-se valor 0,315 de consist?ncia interna para os itens do Kidcope. Conclus?o: Apesar das limita??es relacionadas ? baixa confiabilidade do instrumento, considera-se que ele cumpre o objetivo a que se prop?e. Configurando-se como um instrumento de rastreio de estrat?gias de enfrentamento de crian?as e adolescente diante de situa??es estressoras, tanto em contextos cl?nicos quanto de pesquisa. / Introduction: The study of the coping in childhood is considered important, as children learn the basic modes of human existence during this developmental stage, which will influence the way infants relate to the world and integrate their experiences. Given this scenario, the literature emphasizes the importance of deepen the knowledge about measurement instruments for children's coping strategies. Therefore, it is considered appropriate to provide Brazilian versions deriving from well-established researches in other cultures, such as the Kidcope self-report instrument, which allows to measure coping strategies used by children and adolescents aged 7 to 12 in stressful situations. Objective: To translate and carry out cross-cultural adaptation of such instrument to Brazilian portuguese. Method: This is a methodological and traversal research. Equivalence of items and concepts as well as semantics and operation has already been performed between the original instrument and the Brazilian version; and the measurement equivalence. Results: A good level of equivalence has been observed, including comparisons between the original instrument and the Brazilian version translated back to original language; this is particularly true regarding T2-R2 dyads. In regard to the operational equivalence, 33 children evaluated the adapted instrument as adequate and easy to understand. In the measurement, 150 children participated, with a mean age of approximately 9 years. It was verified that the strategies most used are those of active coping and avoidance, considered more effective by the participants. By means of the Cronbach's alpha, the value of 0.315 internal consistency was found for Kidcope items. Conclusion: Despite the limitations related to the low reliability of the instrument, it is considered that it meets the proposed objective. Configuring yourself as an instrument for screening coping strategies of children and adolescents in the face of stressful situations, both in clinical and research contexts.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:30:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Claudiane Aparecida Guimaraes.pdf: 2983552 bytes, checksum: aba711518948193019418dfbe4debee0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-27 / Cancer is a disease that causes great emotional imbalance, physical, social and spiritual in the patient and family, especially when it involves a child or adolescent. The family caregiver is the fundamental core of support throughout the disease process, being the key piece of the triad patient-family-health professionals. It features increased physical, emotional and social disorders as consequences of practical and emotional demands of treatment. This study describes and analyzes the coping process of family caregivers of children and adolescents with cancer, according to the Theory of Coping Motivational also assessing the impact of the disease in the family. The sample consisted of 4 mothers of children between 7 and 13 years, with cancer at different stages of the disease - [M1] diagnosis, [M2] treatment, maintenance [M3] and terminally [M4] - which were attended by a charity institution in a city named Uberaba, Minas Gerais state. Data were collected by the instruments: a) Economic Classification Criteria Brazil; b) PedsQLTM Family Impact Module [PedsQL-FIM], with 36 items, 8 dimensions; c) Interview Protocol on Coping Mothers of Children and adolescents with cancer, based on the Motivational Theory of Coping Scale-12 [MTC-12], with 34 issues; d) Responses to Stress Questionnaire - Cancer [RSQ-CA-PTC], with 57 items and e) Interview Protocol semi structured [PES], with 30 questions. Data were analyzed in qualitative and quantitative terms, making the description of cases, identifying the maternal beliefs, stressors and mother?s coping strategies [EE]. All families are impacted by the disease, differentially in relation to the stage of the disease, in descending order: M4 - M2 - M1 - M3, as shown by PedsQL-END. The dimensions with worse functioning were: Physical Functioning (M1); Daily Activities (M2); Relationships (M3) and Communication (M4). The biggest stressors are related to the difficulty of the case prognosis, lack of time and energy to devote to the family, financial difficulties, less often for M1 and more often for M4. The beliefs and values of mothers include feelings of self guilty or fatality of the disease, self-denial and self-neglect, with exclusive dedication to the child, miracle expectation, impotence and denial of death, for example. Stress responses were different according to the stages of the disease: M1- Voluntary Engagement for Secondary Control (Positive Thinking, Cognitive Restructuring and Acceptance); M2 and M3 - Voluntary Engagement for Primary Control (Problem Solution, Emotional Regulation and Emotional Expression); and M4 - Involuntary Engagement (Rumination, Intrusive Thoughts, Excitement Physiological, Emotional Excitement and Involuntary Action), according to RSQ-CA-PTC. Mothers use more adaptive coping strategies [EE] to deal with the situation, such as: Self-Confidence, Problem Solution, Search for Information and Accommodation, indicative of perceived challenge to Relationship needs, Competence and Autonomy. Other coping strategies [EE] used for the majority (N = 3) were: Search for Support, Negotiation (adaptive), Isolation and Submission (nonadaptive, with perceived threat). The data emphasize the need to assess and take care of the demands of this population, considering the stage of the disease and the psychological variables of the mother, assisting the process of coping with a major life stressors - the risk of death of the son. / C?ncer ? uma doen?a que gera grande desequil?brio emocional, f?sico, social e espiritual no paciente e na fam?lia, principalmente quando atinge uma crian?a ou adolescente. O cuidador familiar ? o n?cleo fundamental de apoio durante todo o processo da doen?a, sendo a pe?a-chave da tr?ade paciente-fam?lia-profissionais de sa?de. A ele cabe a maior sobrecarga f?sica, emocional e social, por centralizar as exig?ncias pr?ticas e emocionais do tratamento. Esta pesquisa descreveu e analisou o processo de enfrentamento de cuidadores familiares de crian?as e adolescentes com c?ncer, segundo a Teoria Motivacional do Coping, tamb?m identificando o impacto da doen?a na fam?lia. A amostra foi composta por 4 m?es de meninos de 7-13 anos, com c?ncer em fases distintas da doen?a diagn?stico [M1], tratamento [M2], manuten??o [M3] e terminalidade [M4] - os quais eram atendidos por uma institui??o beneficente de Uberaba, MG. Os dados foram coletados pelos instrumentos: a) Crit?rio de Classifica??o Econ?mica Brasil; b) PedsQLTM Family Impact Module [PedsQL-FIM], com 36 itens, em 8 dimens?es; c) Protocolo de Entrevista sobre Enfrentamento de M?es de Crian?as e Adolescentes com c?ncer, baseado na Motivational Theory of Coping Scale-12 [MTC 12], com 34 quest?es; d) Responses to Stress Questionnaire Cancer [RSQ-CA-PTC], com 57 itens; e e) Protocolo de Entrevista Semiestruturada [PES], com 30 quest?es. Os dados foram analisados qualitativos e quantitativamente, compondo a descri??o dos casos, com a identifica??o das cren?as maternas, estressores e estrat?gias de enfrentamento [EE] das m?es. Todas as fam?lias sofrem o impacto da doen?a, diferencialmente em rela??o ? fase da doen?a, em ordem decrescente: M4 M2 M1 M3, pelo PedsQL-FIM. As dimens?es com pior funcionamento foram: Funcionamento F?sico (M1); Atividades Di?rias (M2); Relacionamentos (M3) e Comunica??o (M4). Os maiores estressores relacionam-se ? dificuldade do progn?stico do caso, ? falta de tempo e energia para dedicar-se ? fam?lia e ?s dificuldades financeiras, com menor frequ?ncia para M1 e maior para M4. As cren?as e valores das m?es incluem a autoculpabiliza??o ou fatalidade da doen?a, abnega??o e autoneglig?ncia, com dedica??o exclusiva ao filho, expectativa de milagre, impot?ncia e nega??o da morte. As respostas ao estresse se diferenciaram segundo as fases da doen?a: M1- Engajamento Volunt?rio por Controle Secund?rio (Pensamento Positivo, Reestrutura??o Cognitiva e Aceita??o); M2 e M3 - Engajamento Volunt?rio por Controle Prim?rio (Resolu??o de Problemas, Regula??o Emocional e Express?o Emocional); e M4 - Engajamento Involunt?rio (Rumina??o, Pensamentos Intrusivos, Excita??o Fisiol?gica, Excita??o Emocional e A??o Involunt?ria), pelo RSQ-CA-PTC. As m?es recorrem mais EE adaptativas para lidar com a situa??o, como: Autoconfian?a, Resolu??o de problemas, Busca de informa??o e Acomoda??o, indicativas de percep??o de desafio ?s necessidades de Relacionamento, de Compet?ncia e de Autonomia. Outras EE utilizadas pela maioria (N = 3) foram: Busca de suporte, Negocia??o (adaptativas), Isolamento e Submiss?o (mal adaptativas, com percep??o de amea?a). Os dados evidenciam a necessidade de avaliar e atender ?s demandas dessa popula??o, considerando a fase da doen?a e as vari?veis psicol?gicas da m?e, auxiliando seu processo de enfrentamento de um dos maiores estressores de vida o risco de morte do pr?prio filho.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:30:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Andressa Melina Becker da Silva.pdf: 5234431 bytes, checksum: 3dc76eae125e27cf91d4beacad0f4393 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-22 / Dancers live with pain due to intense training, which may affect performance and quality of life, there are psychological processes could interfere in the pain coping. This research examined the effects of a psychological intervention focused on coping of pain in dancers, analyzing the psychological processes related to coping (stress, exercise dependence, anxiety and self-efficacy) and its relationship to quality of life and technical performance. Participants included 19 semi-professional dancers (12-17 years) in a dance school in Curitiba-PR., Brasil. A longitudinal design followed the training phases of the dancers, for a year, assessing behavioral and psychophysiological indicators: 1) The Preparatory Phase measured cortisol in saliva and hair and three general scales - the Stress Scale for Teens, the Trait Anxiety Inventory and State and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory - and two specific scales - the Exercise Dependence Scale-21 and Self-efficacy scale for Dancers, previously validated in this research in a sample of 442 dancers, using the Item Response Theory and network analysis were applied; 2) The Competition Phase 1, the two specific scales were reapplied, as well as six others - Inventory of Competitive Anxiety State, the List of Symptoms of Stress Pre-Competitive Children and Youth, Stress Questionnaire and Recovery for Athletes, Athletic Coping Skills Inventory-24-BR, the Questionnaire on Athletes' Quality of Life and Pain Coping Inventory for Dancers, also validated, and psychophysiological measures were applied; 3) The Transition Phase, was composed of an pain coping intervention program, with 8 week -45 minutes sessions. Sessions were filmed and were specially tailored using Imagery Training, one Pain Coping Game, Pain Diary and Questionnaire for Imagination in Dance; 4) Competitive Phase 2, instruments were reapplied including a Technical Scouting for dance. A developmental perspective was adopted for analyzing the data, based on the Motivational Theory of Coping. It was evidenced chronic stress by salivary and hair cortisol. Significant differences between training phases in physical and psychological self-efficacy and dependence of exercises were found. The JT method showed a positive and reliable post-intervention change in confidence indicators (B3); stressors: intrinsic physiological and cognitive/emotional (B6), social extrinsic (B2, B6); levels of general and specific to dance stress (B2); and non promoting components of quality of life (B6). There was reliable negative change in intrinsic physiological and cognitive / emotional stressors (B12); general stress (B7, B11, B12); components and promoters of quality of life (B1). The analysis of verbal reports by IRAMUTEQ and the Pain Diary showed reduction in the frequency and intensity of pain and changes in coping strategies. According to judges, mediation intervention provided more structure than promoted the involvement and empowerment of dancers. This study concludes that this intervention can be replicated in other teenage dancers, considering that there was improvement in psychological conditions of the participants. They reported satisfaction to participate of this study, even the learning about the psychological process, adaptive ways of coping and the relationships of the Psychology with the dance. / Bailarinos convivem com a dor devido ao treinamento intenso, prejudicando o desempenho e a qualidade de vida, havendo processos psicol?gicos que podem interferir no enfrentamento da dor. Esta pesquisa verificou os efeitos de uma interven??o psicol?gica centrada no enfrentamento (coping) da dor em bailarinos, analisando os processos psicol?gicos relacionados ao coping (estresse, depend?ncia de exerc?cio, ansiedade e autoefic?cia), assim como suas rela??es com a qualidade de vida e o desempenho t?cnico. Participaram 19 bailarinas semiprofissionais (12-17 anos), em uma escola de dan?a de Curitiba-PR. O delineamento longitudinal seguiu as etapas de treinamento das bailarinas, por um ano, avaliando-se indicadores comportamentais e psicofisiol?gicos: 1) na Etapa Preparat?ria, mediu-se o cortisol salivar e capilar, e aplicou-se tr?s escalas gerais - a Escala de Stress para Adolescentes, o Invent?rio de Ansiedade Tra?o e Estado e o Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory e duas escalas espec?ficas - o Exercise Dependence Scale-21 e a Escala de Autoefic?cia para Bailarinos, validadas previamente nesta pesquisa em uma amostra de 442 bailarinos, usando a Teoria de Resposta ao Item e an?lise de redes; 2) na Etapa Competitiva 1, reaplicou-se as duas escalas espec?ficas, al?m de outras seis - o Invent?rio de Ansiedade-Estado Competitiva, a Lista de Sintomas de Stress Pr?-Competitivo Infanto-Juvenil, o Question?rio de Estresse e Recupera??o para Atletas, o Athletic Coping Skills Inventory 24-BR, o Question?rio sobre Qualidade de Vida de Atletas e o Invent?rio de Coping da Dor para Bailarinos, tamb?m validados, e as medidas psicofisiol?gicas; 3) na Etapa de Transi??o, aplicou-se um programa de interven??o no enfrentamento da dor, com 8 sess?es semanais de 45 minutos filmadas, especialmente elaborado, usando Imagery Training, um Jogo de Coping da Dor, Di?rio da Dor e o Question?rio para Imagina??o na Dan?a; 4) na Etapa Competitiva 2, reaplicou-se os instrumentos, incluindo um Scouting T?cnico para a Dan?a. Adotou-se uma perspectiva desenvolvimentista na an?lise dos dados, com base na Teoria Motivacional do Coping. Evidenciou-se estresse cr?nico pelo cortisol salivar e capilar. Houve diferen?as significativas entre as etapas de treinamento na autoefic?cia f?sica e psicol?gica, e na depend?ncia de exerc?cios. O M?todo JT mostrou mudan?a p?s-interven??o positiva e confi?vel nos indicadores de autoconfian?a (bailarina 3- B3); estressores: intr?nsecos fisiol?gicos e cognitivos/emocionais (B6), extr?nsecos sociais (B2, B6); n?veis de estresse geral e espec?fico da dan?a (B2); e componentes n?o promotores da qualidade de vida (B6). Houve mudan?a negativa confi?vel nos estressores: intr?nsecos fisiol?gicos e cognitivos/emocionais (B12); estresse geral (B7, B11, B12); e componentes promotores da qualidade de vida (B1). A an?lise dos relatos verbais pelo IRAMUTEQ e do Di?rio da Dor indicou redu??o na frequ?ncia e intensidade da dor e mudan?as nas estrat?gias de enfrentamento. Segundo ju?zes, a media??o da interven??o promoveu mais a estrutura do que o envolvimento e a autonomia das bailarinas. Conclui-se que essa interven??o pode ser replicada em outros bailarinos, j? que houve melhora nas condi??es psicol?gicas das participantes. Estas relataram satisfa??o em participar da pesquisa, bem como a aprendizagem sobre os processos psicol?gicos, estrat?gias de enfrentamento adaptativas e as rela??es da Psicologia com a dan?a.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:35:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MariaAB.pdf: 992157 bytes, checksum: 668dc72d5c68120bc609967b0b25f262 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-12-13 / The objective of this study was to investigate the elements that contribute to the state of stress which often affects those who embrace the university teaching career, and also to learn whatever strategies professors use to cope with stressing situations in order to develop resilience and a sound exercise of their profession. To the very nature of university teaching belong a variety of attributions, demands and challenges which, together, may contribute to the development of stress. The epistemological principles which guided this research were those of Complex Thinking, which facilitate a deeper comprehension of the human and social phenomena as viewed through the lens of complexity principles: the dialogical principle, the organizational recursivity principle and the hologramatical principle. Fully acknowledging the many difficulties brought about by any attempt that would try to explain human phenomena based only on one theoretical reference, we have elected multi-referentiality as the support for this study, thus being able to dialogue with a variety of authors about the same phenomenon. This was a qualitative research in which questionnaires and interviews were used as instruments for the empirical work. The data has been articulated into categories and subcategories, allowing for a thematic analysis. Participants of the study were seventeen professors from two different colleges in the city of Natal, state of Rio Grande do Norte. Bad working conditions, demands from the institution, student s lack of commitment, long working hours, low salaries, lack of incentives to university teachers, uncertainty concerning timetable and difficulties in proper time administration are the variables that contribute to the stress of professors. Although this is a problem that affects the group as a whole, strategies to cope with it are individually sought and vary from trying to find different leisure options, opening one s heart to colleagues or relatives, individual planning, prayer, rational facing of the situation, to simply giving in to exhaustion. The study has proposed institutional as well as personal actions that may foster a development among professors which takes into account a resilience development in a collective perspective. Also, it shows some articulations that are already under way so that professors may be attended to. / Esse estudo teve como objetivos investigar os elementos que contribuem para desencadear o estresse no exerc?cio da doc?ncia universit?ria e conhecer as estrat?gias adotadas pelos professores para enfrentar as situa??es estressantes, a fim de promover o desenvolvimento da resili?ncia e um exerc?cio saud?vel do of?cio. A doc?ncia universit?ria comporta em sua natureza uma diversidade de atribui??es, exig?ncias e desafios que articulados poder?o contribuir para o desencadeamento do estresse. Os princ?pios epistemol?gicos que nortearam esta pesquisa foram os do Pensamento Complexo, pois facilitam o aprofundamento e compreens?o dos fen?menos sociais e humanos a partir dos princ?pios da complexidade: dial?gico, recurs?o organizacional e o princ?pio hologram?tico. Reconhecendo a dificuldade em explicar os fen?menos humanos com base em ?nica refer?ncia te?rica, tem-se como apoio a multirreferencialidade, que permitiu dialogar com uma diversidade de autores a respeito do mesmo fen?meno. A pesquisa foi qualitativa e foram usados question?rios e entrevistas como instrumentos para o trabalho emp?rico. Os dados foram articulados em categorias e subcategorias, permitindo-se proceder a uma an?lise tem?tica. Participaram do estudo 17 professores de duas institui??es de Ensino Superior na cidade de Natal/RN. No exerc?cio da doc?ncia, as vari?veis que interferem no desencadeamento do estresse s?o: as m?s condi??es de trabalho, cobran?as institucionais, o descompromisso dos alunos, a jornada excessiva de trabalho, a baixa remunera??o, a falta de incentivos ao professor, as incertezas quanto ? carga hor?ria e ?s dificuldades na administra??o do tempo. Embora a problem?tica seja comum ao grupo, as estrat?gias de enfrentamento s?o adotadas individualmente, e oscilaram desde a busca de op??es de lazer, desabafo com colegas de profiss?o e com familiares, atividades f?sicas, planejamento individual, ora??o, enfrentamento racional at? entregar-se ? exaust?o. As estrat?gias capazes de promover adapta??o positiva, combinadas com os fatores que motivam o professor na a??o docente poder?o contribuir no desenvolvimento da resili?ncia O estudo prop?s a??es institucionais e pessoais que favore?am o desenvolvimento dos professores, levando em conta o desenvolvimento da resili?ncia numa perspectiva coletiva. Tamb?m evidenciou algumas articula??es que j? est?o sendo feitas num trabalho de acompanhamento aos professores.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:29:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carmem Magda Ghetti Senra.pdf: 891107 bytes, checksum: 4f20444bf850216c5a7c6a0398eb15d5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-03 / Universidade Estadual Paulista J?lio de Mesquita Filho / This study aimed to investigate the coping strategies (individual and / or collective) seeking minimize and / or overcome the damaging impacts the development of the actions of psychologists in a public institution in the field of Social Welfare, in view of the theory of subjectivity Gonzalez Rey and the Psychology of Liberation of Martin-Bar?. We use the Epistemology Qualitative proposed by Gonzalez Rey in the analysis of source documents and records of daily camp. The analysis indicated a predominance of information on coping strategies for individual and a great potential in the few existing collective strategies, indicating the ability to collapse when, in the performance of professionals, there are links between technical, political and collective. Also pointed to the importance of strengthening procedures for professionals, while subject of professional practice and other studies that focus the work of a psychologist in the field of Social Welfare, in a perspective of social transformation. / Este estudo teve como objetivo estudar as estrat?gias de enfrentamento (individuais e/ou coletivas) que buscam minimizar e/ou superar os impactos prejudiciais ao desenvolvimento das a??es dos psic?logos em uma institui??o p?blica no campo da Assist?ncia Social, na perspectiva da teoria da subjetividade de Gonzalez Rey e da Psicologia da Liberta??o de Martin-Bar?. Utilizamos a Epistemologia Qualitativa proposta por Gonzalez Rey na an?lise de fontes documentais e de registros de di?rios de campo. A an?lise das informa??es indicou uma predomin?ncia em estrat?gias de enfrentamento individuais e uma potencialidade nas poucas estrat?gias coletivas existentes, indicando a capacidade de ruptura quando, na atua??o dos profissionais, h? articula??o entre aspectos t?cnicos, coletivos e pol?ticos. Apontaram ainda para a import?ncia de processos de fortalecimento dos profissionais, enquanto sujeitos da pr?tica profissional e de outros estudos que enfoquem a atua??o do psic?logo no campo da Assist?ncia Social, em uma perspectiva de transforma??o social.

Submitted by Fernanda Ciolfi (fernanda.ciolfi@puc-campinas.edu.br) on 2016-04-06T18:43:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Luiz Ricardo Vieira Gonzaga.pdf: 4978693 bytes, checksum: 22e5218d6daab1bb1914d2919134607a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-06T18:43:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luiz Ricardo Vieira Gonzaga.pdf: 4978693 bytes, checksum: 22e5218d6daab1bb1914d2919134607a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-24 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Adolescence is a period of physical, psychological, social and cultural changes, include stressors in the school context as to do academic tests and admission exams for college. To deal with these situations, teenagers present different ways of coping which influence the academic engagement, studying and coping with test anxiety, that affects their academic performance. Therefore, the coping process can be a mediating or moderating variable of the impact of stress on school performance. This research aimed to describe and analyze the relations between academic stressors, test anxiety and its coping and the academic performance of High School students with and without behavior problems, using a developmental and self-regulating approach. Participated 411 students (girls: 59.85%), with 14-20 year olds (M = 16.27; SD=1.04) attending High School on a public school in S?o Paulo?s capital. We applied the following instruments in six classrooms: Brazilian Economic Classification Criteria (Brazilian Criteria), the Test Anxiety Scale (TAS) and Adolescent/Child?s Self Report Responses to Stress ? Academic Problems (RSQ-AS) - both translation processes authorized, the Youth Self-Report (YSR) and the Scale of Coping with Academic Tests, specially developed to access the coping process before, during and after tests. We did these statistical analisis: descriptive, correlations, structural equations modeling and network analysis. Most students had test anxiety (n= 379; 62.53%), girls in particular (n= 227; 66.96%), and n=379; 20.84% demonstrated behavioral problems (Internalizing: n=139; 36.68%; Externalizing: n=69; 18.21%). The student?s average grade in the subject was above five points (M = 6.63; SD=1.18). When facing academic stressors, they reacted with involuntary responses (M = 0.23; SD= 0.04). To deal with tests, the coping process is more adaptive than maladaptive (AC: M = 55.39; SD= 10.60; MAC: M = 41.64; SD=12.80), with ways of coping like Self-reliance, Support-seeking and Problem-solving. Classrooms showed significative differences in socioeconomic status, age groups, number of stressful sources and general average. Structural equation modeling indicates that students with better academic performance were those who had internalizing problems, not externalizing problems, higher adaptive coping score, secondary control engagement coping and involuntary engagement,and whose involuntary disengagement score was lower. Students who experienced test anxiety had higher involuntary engagement and higher number of academic stressors. Students who experienced higher number of academic stressors presented higher primary and secondary control engagement scores, voluntary and involuntary disengagement, and involuntary engagement. The students who had internalizing problems had more test anxiety and higher number of academic stressors. The students who had higher maladaptive coping scores had internalizing problems, test anxiety and higher number of academic stressors. The network analysis also indicated associations between: higher age, higher grades schooling and better academic performance; higher grades schooling and more stress; and low academic performance and academic stressors (not understanding classes or homework, having trouble studying, feeling pressured to do something, and having bad classes or teachers). The behavior problems stand out in this sampling, as well as coping difficulties regarding school events, which referee a psychological intervention in this educational grade. / A adolesc?ncia ? um per?odo de mudan?as f?sicas, psicol?gicas e socioculturais, com muitos estressores, inclusive no contexto escolar, a exemplo da realiza??o de provas acad?micas e o vestibular. Para lidar com essas situa??es, os adolescentes apresentam diferentes estrat?gias de enfrentamento (EE), as quais influenciam o engajamento acad?mico, o comportamento de estudar e de lidar com a ansiedade em situa??es de provas, afetando seu rendimento acad?mico. O enfrentamento (coping), portanto, pode atuar como uma vari?vel moderadora ou mediadora do impacto do estresse sobre o desempenho escolar. Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo descrever e analisar as rela??es entre estressores acad?micos, ansiedade de provas escolares e seu enfrentamento, e o desempenho acad?mico, em alunos do Ensino M?dio, com e sem problemas de comportamento, adotando uma perspectiva desenvolvimentista e de autorregula??o. Participaram 411 alunos (meninas = 59,85%), com 14-20 anos (M = 16,27; DP=1,04), cursando o Ensino M?dio, em uma escola p?blica da capital paulista. Foram aplicados, nas 6 turmas: o Crit?rio de Classifica??o Econ?mica Brasil, o Test Anxiety Scale (TAS) e Adolescent/Child?s Self Report Responses to Stress ? Academic Problems (RSQ-AS), ambos com valida??o lingu?stica autorizada, o Youth Self-Report (YSR), e a Escala de Enfrentamento de Provas Escolares, especialmente elaborada, avaliando o coping antes, durante e depois de provas. Foram feitas an?lises estat?sticas: descritiva, correla??es, modelagem de equa??es estruturais e an?lise de redes. A maioria dos estudantes tinha ansiedade de provas (n= 379; 62,53%), especialmente as meninas (n=227; 66,96%), e n= 379; 20,84% apresentaram problemas de comportamento (Internalizantes: n= 139; 36,68%; Externalizantes: n= 69; 18,21%). A m?dia geral das notas das disciplinas das turmas ficou acima de cinco pontos (M = 6,63; DP= 1,18). Frente a estressores acad?micos, os alunos reagiam com respostas involunt?rias (M = 0,23; DP=0,04). Diante de provas, o coping era mais adaptativo do que mal adaptativo (CA: M = 55,39; DP= 10,60; CMA: M = 41,64; DP=12,80), com EE de autoconfian?a, busca de suporte e resolu??o de problemas. Houve diferen?as significativas entre as s?ries escolares no n?vel socioecon?mico, idade, n?mero de estressores e m?dia geral. As an?lises de equa??es estruturais indicaram que os alunos com maior desempenho acad?mico foram aqueles com problemas internalizantes, sem problemas externalizantes, maior escore de coping adaptativo, engajamento de controle secund?rio e engajamento involunt?rio, e menor escore de desengajamento involunt?rio. Alunos com ansiedade de provas apresentaram maior engajamento involunt?rio e maior n?mero de estressores. Os alunos com maior n?mero de estressores apresentaram maiores escores de engajamento de controle prim?rio e secund?rio, desengajamento volunt?rio e involunt?rio, e engajamento involunt?rio. Os alunos com problemas internalizantes foram aqueles com ansiedade de provas e maior n?mero de estressores. Os alunos com maiores escores de coping mal adaptativo foram aqueles com problemas internalizantes, ansiedade de provas e maior n?mero de estressores. A an?lise de redes indicou tamb?m associa??es entre: maioridade, maior escolaridade e melhor desempenho acad?mico; maior escolaridade e mais estresse; e baixo desempenho e estressores acad?micos (n?o entender as aulas e as tarefas, ter dificuldade para estudar, sentir-se pressionado e ter professores ruins). Os problemas de comportamento se destacaram nesta amostra, assim como as dificuldades de enfrentamento dos eventos escolares, indicando a necessidade de interven??es psicol?gicas nesse n?vel educacional.

Submitted by Fernanda Ciolfi (fernanda.ciolfi@puc-campinas.edu.br) on 2016-04-06T19:32:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Vivian Marcella.pdf: 4390080 bytes, checksum: e762cbd1c1b04154909b3bf8b06f9434 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-06T19:32:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vivian Marcella.pdf: 4390080 bytes, checksum: e762cbd1c1b04154909b3bf8b06f9434 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-25 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Adolescence is a period of development in which physical, emotional and social changes occur and adolescents become exposed to stress. Headaches are one of the symptoms of stress, a risk factor for psychopathological conditions, school absenteeism and difficulties in relationships, affecting quality of life. This study analyzed stressors and coping in relation to quality of life among adolescents experiencing headaches. A total of 54 adolescents (85.19% girls), aged from 14 to 18 years old and attending elementary, middle or high school in a public school in Sorocaba, SP, Brazil, participated. The following instruments were applied in classrooms: a) to characterize the sample ? Headache Questionnaire; a Characterization Interview Protocol developed for this study; and the Brazil Economic Criteria Classification; b) the Adolescent Perceived Events Scale (APES) was applied to identify stressors during adolescence; c) to assess coping with stressful events during adolescence ? Coping Scale (CS), with 12 coping families using the Motivational Theory of Coping; d) Responses to Stress Questionnaire ? Headache (RSQ-H) with authorized linguistic validation was used to analyze headache stressors and coping: and e) Quality of Life Headache - Youth Questionnaire (QLH-Y) was used to assess quality of life. Descriptive statistics, comparisons between groups and correlations were used in addition to network analyses. Daily headaches were prevalent in 42.59% of the sample, while 29.63% reported headaches several times a week associated with emotional triggers, such as feeling anxious or having concerns. The results showed that girls presented: a) greater perception of good and bad stressors (APES); b) Involuntary Engagement, Rumination, Emotional Excitement and Cognitive Interference (RSQ-H); c) Less Vital Strength and more Depression (QLH-Y). Daily headaches were related to a) stressful events during adolescence (APES), maladaptive coping, isolation and helplessness (CS); b) greater quantity of headache stressors (RSQ-H); c) Disengagement and Avoidance (RSQ-H); d) Depression (QLH-Y). The adolescents receiving medical care more frequently presented: a) positive headache coping with Emotional regulation, Emotional Expression, Secondary Control Engagement, Positive Thinking, Acceptance and Immobilization; b) Harmonization and Vital Strength (QLH-Y). Adolescents with a medical diagnosis of migraines presented: a) a lower perception of bad events (APES); b) greater Helplessness when coping with stressful events during adolescence (CS). Adolescents with headaches that last more than 24 hours more frequently presented: a) Involuntary Engagement; Emotional Excitement and Escape (RSQ-H); b) Fatigue (QLH-Y). These involuntary stress responses and maladaptive coping strategies, especially among girls, show difficulty in self-regulating when facing headache stressors, emphasizing the importance of prevention and the development of more efficient and specific interventions for this age range. Analyses helped understand the processes involved in headache coping among adolescents, showing how somatic symptoms, depression and stress and the impact of headaches on daily life are related. / A adolesc?ncia ? um per?odo do desenvolvimento em que ocorrem transforma??es f?sicas, emocionais e sociais, tornando o adolescente exposto ao estresse. Este tem como um dos sintomas as queixas de dor de cabe?a, que s?o fator de risco para quadros psicopatol?gicos, absente?smo escolar e dificuldades nos relacionamentos, afetando a qualidade de vida. Esta pesquisa analisou os eventos estressores e seu enfrentamento em suas rela??es com a qualidade de vida, em adolescentes com queixas de dor de cabe?a. Participaram 54 adolescentes (85,19% meninas), com 14 a 18 anos, cursando o final do Ensino Fundamental e o Ensino M?dio em uma escola p?blica de Sorocaba-SP. Foram aplicados na sala de aula os instrumentos: a) para caracteriza??o da amostra - Question?rio de Queixa de Dor de Cabe?a; Protocolo de Entrevista de Caracteriza??o, especialmente elaborado; e Crit?rio de Classifica??o Econ?mica Brasil; b) para identifica??o de estressores da adolesc?ncia: Adolescent Perceived Events Scale (APES); c) para avalia??o do enfrentamento de situa??es estressantes da adolesc?ncia: Escala de Coping (EC), com 12 fam?lias de coping, segundo a Teoria Motivacional do Coping; d) para an?lise dos estressores da dor de cabe?a e seu enfrentamento: Responses to Stress Questionnaire ? Headache (RSQ-H), com valida??o lingu?stica autorizada pelos autores; e) para avalia??o da qualidade de vida: Quality of Life Headache - Youth Questionnaire (QLH-Y). Foram feitas an?lises estat?sticas descritivas, de compara??es entre grupos e de correla??es, al?m de an?lise de redes. Houve preval?ncia de dores di?rias em 42,59% da amostra e v?rias vezes por semana em 29,63%, com crises associadas a gatilhos emocionais, como sentir-se ansioso e ter preocupa??es. Os resultados mostraram que as meninas apresentaram: a) maior percep??o de estressores bons e ruins (APES); b) Coping de Engajamento Involunt?rio, Rumina??o, Excita??o Emocional e Interfer?ncia Cognitiva (RSQ-H); c) menos For?a Vital e mais Depress?o (QLH-Y). A dor de cabe?a di?ria estava relacionada a: a) situa??es estressoras da adolesc?ncia (APES), coping mal adaptativo, Isolamento e Desamparo (EC); b) maior quantidade de estressores da dor de cabe?a (RSQ-H); c) Coping de Desengajamento e Evita??o (RSQ-H); d) Depress?o (QLH-Y). Os adolescentes em atendimento m?dico apresentaram mais: a) enfrentamento positivo da dor de cabe?a, com Regula??o Emocional, Express?o Emocional, Coping de Engajamento de Controle Secund?rio, Pensamento Positivo, Aceita??o e Paralisa??o; b) Harmonia e For?a Vital (QLH-Y). Os adolescentes com diagn?stico m?dico de enxaqueca apresentaram: a) menor percep??o de eventos ruins (APES); b) maior Desamparo no enfrentamento das situa??es estressantes da adolesc?ncia (EC). Os adolescentes com dor de cabe?a por mais de 24 horas apresentaram mais: a) Engajamento Involunt?rio, Excita??o Emocional e Fuga (RSQ-H); b) Fadiga (QLH-Y). Essas respostas de estresse involunt?rias e de coping mal adaptativo, especialmente nas meninas, mostram as dificuldades de autorregula??o diante de estressores da dor de cabe?a, alertando para a import?ncia da preven??o e a elabora??o de interven??es mais eficientes e espec?ficas para essa faixa et?ria. As an?lises realizadas auxiliaram na compreens?o dos processos envolvidos no enfrentamento da dor de cabe?a em adolescentes, evidenciando como sintomas som?ticos, depress?o e estresse e o impacto da dor de cabe?a na vida di?ria se relacionam.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-06-23T20:58:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CarolinaPereiraCadorioDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 2575100 bytes, checksum: 37b6e5a4dc3f51042bd2b48b749b14af (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-06-28T18:26:07Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 CarolinaPereiraCadorioDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 2575100 bytes, checksum: 37b6e5a4dc3f51042bd2b48b749b14af (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-28T18:26:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CarolinaPereiraCadorioDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 2575100 bytes, checksum: 37b6e5a4dc3f51042bd2b48b749b14af (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-20 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / O uso de indicadores comportamentais de sofrimento e bem-estar de animais em cativeiro tem produzido resultados amb?guos. Em compara??es entre grupos, aqueles em piores condi??es tendem a apresentar um aumento generalizado em todas as taxas de Comportamentos Potencialmente Indicativos de Estresse (BPIS), mas em compara??es dentro de grupos, os indiv?duos diferem nas suas estrat?gias de enfrentamento ao estresse. Esta disserta??o apresenta an?lises para revelar o perfil comportamental de uma amostral de 26 macacos prego em cativeiro, de tr?s esp?cies diferentes (Sapajus libidinosus, S. flavius e S. xanthosternos), mantidos em diferentes tipos de recinto. No total foram coletadas 147,17 horas de registros comportamentais. Explor?mos quatro tipos de an?lises: Or?amento de Atividades, ?ndices de Diversidade, cadeia de Markov e an?lise de Sequ?ncia, e An?lise de Rede Social, resultando em nove ?ndices de ocorr?ncia e de organiza??o comportamental. No cap?tulo Um exploramos diferen?as entre grupos. Os resultados apoiam as predi??es de que existem diferen?as m?nimas entre sexo e esp?cie e s?o observadas diferen?as maiores no perfil comportamental devido ao tipo de recinto: i. indiv?duos em recintos com menos enriquecimento ambiental apresentaram um repert?rio de BPIS mais diverso e uma menor probabilidade de sequ?ncias de seis passos de Comportamentos Normativos de G?nero (GNB); ii. o n?mero de transi??es comportamentais que inclu?am pelo menos um BPIS foi superior em recintos menos enriquecidos; iii. ?ndices de proemin?ncia de BPIS indicam que estes funcionam como pontos fim de sequ?ncias comportamentais, e que a proemin?ncia de tr?s BPIS (locomo??o aberrante, auto-direccionadas e activas I) foram maiores em recintos menores. No geral, estes dados n?o corroboram a ideia de que os BPIS t?m um padr?o repetitivo, com um efeito relaxante, tipo ?mantra?. Pelo contr?rio, a imagem que surge ? de que os BPIS s?o atividades que interrompem a organiza??o dos comportamentos, introduzindo ?ruido? que compromete o or?amento de atividades ?timo. No cap?tulo Dois exploramos diferen?as individuais em seis eixos de comportamento explorat?rio. Estes mostraram-se pouco correlacionados, o que indicam baixa correla??o entre indicadores comportamentais de s?ndromes. No entanto, os resultados sugerem duas estrat?gias de enfrentamento ao estresse abrangentes, semelhantes ao padr?o audaz/proactivo e t?mido/reativo: macacos prego mais explorat?rios apresentaram maior proemin?ncia em locomo??o aberrante, exibi??o sexual aberrante e ativas I, enquanto que animais menos ativos apresentaram uma maior probabilidade de sequencias com pelo menos um BPIS, e maior proemin?ncia em estereotipia-pr?pria. Macacos prego s?o conhecidos pelas suas capacidades cognitivas e flexibilidade comportamental, portanto, a procura de um conjunto de indicadores comportamentais de bem-estar consistente requer mais estudos e conjuntos de dados mais amplos. Com este trabalho, pretendemos contribuir para a cria??o de protocolos, com embasamento cient?fico e estatisticamente corretos, para amostragem de dados comportamentais que permitam a comparabilidade de resultados e meta-an?lises, de qualquer que seja a interpreta??o te?rica que possa receber. / The use of behavioural indicators of suffering and welfare in captive animals has produced ambiguous results. In comparisons between groups, those in worse condition tend to exhibit increased overall rate of Behaviours Potentially Indicative of Stress (BPIS), but when comparing within groups, individuals differ in their stress coping strategies. This dissertation presents analyses to unravel the Behavioural Profile of a sample of 26 captive capuchin monkeys, of three different species (Sapajus libidinosus, S. flavius and S. xanthosternos), kept in different enclosure types. In total, 147,17 hours of data were collected. We explored four type of analysis: Activity Budgets, Diversity indexes, Markov chains and Sequence analyses, and Social Network Analyses, resulting in nine indexes of behavioural occurrence and organization. In chapter One we explore group differences. Results support predictions of minor sex and species differences and major differences in behavioural profile due to enclosure type: i. individuals in less enriched enclosures exhibited a more diverse BPIS repertoire and a decreased probability of a sequence with six Genus Normative Behaviour; ii. number of most probable behavioural transitions including at least one BPIS was higher in less enriched enclosures; iii. proeminence indexes indicate that BPIS function as dead ends of behavioural sequences, and proeminence of three BPIS (pacing, self-direct, active I) were higher in less enriched enclosures. Overall, these data are not supportive of BPIS as a repetitive pattern, with a mantra-like calming effect. Rather, the picture that emerges is more supportive of BPIS as activities that disrupt organization of behaviours, introducing ?noise? that compromises optimal activity budget. In chapter Two we explored individual differences in stress coping strategies. We classified individuals along six axes of exploratory behaviour. These were only weakly correlated indicating low correlation among behavioural indicators of syndromes. Nevertheless, the results are suggestive of two broad stress coping strategies, similar to the bold/proactive and shy/reactive pattern: more exploratory capuchin monkeys exhibited increased values of proeminence in Pacing, aberrant sexual display and Active 1 BPIS, while less active animals exhibited increased probability in significant sequences involving at least one BPIS, and increased prominence in own stereotypy. Capuchin monkeys are known for their cognitive capacities and behavioural flexibility, therefore, the search for a consistent set of behavioural indictors of welfare and individual differences requires further studies and larger data sets. With this work we aim contributing to design scientifically grounded and statistically correct protocols for collection of behavioural data that permits comparability of results and meta-analyses, from whatever theoretical perspective interpretation it may receive.