Magister Legum - LLM / The main objectives of this study were to identify the role that customary law and traditional leadership can play, without compromising their current positions or future recognition through legislation, in creating a better life for their constituents. The study analysed diverse issues such as legislative reform, the future role and functions of traditional leaders, training needs of traditional leaders, and the impact of a possible lack of commitment by national and provincial government on the training of traditional leaders to fulfill their functions within the ambit of the Constitution. / South Africa

published_or_final_version / Architecture / Master / Master of Architecture

Submitted by (edna.saturno@ufrpe.br) on 2017-04-27T13:33:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Janio Benevides de Melo.pdf: 845976 bytes, checksum: 55b3b13a3bb41e12d05e1264797fff7c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-27T13:33:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Janio Benevides de Melo.pdf: 845976 bytes, checksum: 55b3b13a3bb41e12d05e1264797fff7c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-28 / The zoometric measures of the adult Nordestina horse breed from Pernambuco and Piauí states were the objective of this study. The same measurer have taken 48 body measures, which resulted in 9 zoometric indices (in a total of 57 quantitative traits) on 238 animals, among males, females and geldings. The qualitative traits were evaluated according to coat color, bridge of nose profile, position of lips, neck shape, slope of croup, hooves color and size. The quantitative traits were evaluated by analysis of variance, descriptive statistics and principal components analysis, whereas the qualitative traits by frequency distribution. The principal components analysis reduced 50 body measures to 9 components for males and females and 7 components for geldings. The number of variables for males, females and geldings was shortened to 21, 20 and 18, respectively, using the principal component analysis, in which 15 measures were in common for males, females and geldings (withers height, back height, height from sternum to ground, croup height, forelimb height, hind-limb height, insertion of tail height, fore-pastern length, back-loin length 1, hind-pastern length, fore-cannon perimeter, fore-fetlock perimeter, fore-pastern perimeter, fore-fetlock perimeter and hind-pastern perimeter). These measures can be used for further studies, regardless of animal sex. The withers height had strong correlation with the other heights and the perimeters were strongly correlated among them according to the anatomical region of the members. In general, all animals from Pernambuco and Piauí states were small-sized and classified as hypometric due to the weights (estimated weight and body weight) and as mediolineous (balance body) by body index, within a range between strength and speed (saddle and light traction).Conformation and compactness indices had classified them as more able to saddle than draft. The dactyl-thoracic index classified the animals as heavy draft horses, except for females from Pernambuco state (intermediate ability). The wok indices 1 and 2 shows that animals from Pernambuco can support greater weight at a trot or gallop. The ethnological profile study detected a prevalence of gray coat color, black and small hooves, subconvex bridge of nose, pyramidal neck, firm and juxtaposed lips. Just the male animals from Pernambuco had a croup classified as lightly inclined. Sexual dimorphism and origin effect on most measures and indices were detected, indicating the existence of two ecotypes. / Objetivou-se com este estudo a caracterização zoométrica do remanescente do cavalo Nordestino nos estados de Pernambuco e Piauí. Foram tomadas 48 medidas zoométricas, por um único mensurador, e obtidos 9 índices zoométricos, totalizando 57 variáveis quantitativas em 238 animais machos, fêmeas e machos castrados. Foram avaliadas também características qualitativas: coloração da pelagem, perfil de chanfro, justaposição dos lábios, forma do pescoço, inclinação de garupa, coloração e tamanho dos cascos. Para as variáveis quantitativas foi realizada análise de variância, estatística descritiva e análise de componentes principais e, para as variáveis qualitativas foi feito distribuição de frequência. Com auxílio da técnica de componentes principais foi possível reduzir as 50 variáveis estudadas em 9 componentes para os machos e fêmeas e 7 componentes para os machos castrados. Foi possível ainda selecionar dentro das componentes as variáveis de maior peso, reduzindo o número de variáveis para 21, 20 e 18, respectivamente, para machos, fêmeas e machos castrados. Desse total, 15 medidas foram igualmente importantes nos 3 grupos estudados (altura na cernelha, altura no dorso, altura do vazio subesternal, altura na garupa, altura do membro anterior, altura do membro posterior, altura na inserção de cauda, comprimento da quartela anterior, comprimento de dorso-lombo 1, comprimento de quartela posterior, perímetro de canela anterior, perímetro de boleto anterior, perímetro de quartela posterior, perímetro de boleto posterior e perímetro de quartela posterior), que poderão ser usadas em estudos futuros, independentemente do sexo do animal. De maneira geral, para todas as classes estudadas, a altura na cernelha demonstrou forte correlação com as demais alturas; os perímetros referentes a região anatômica dos membros também foram fortemente correlacionados entre si. O estudo permitiu classificar os animais como de porte pequeno e de boa proporção entre a altura na cernelha, na garupa e no comprimento do corpo, com exceção das fêmeas do estado de Pernambuco, e como hipométricos quanto aos pesos e ao índice corporal como mediolíneos, com aptidão intermediária para velocidade e força, ou seja, sela e tração ligeira. Os índices de compacidade e conformação indicam que são animais com aptidão mais para sela que tração. O índice dáctilo-torácico indica que são animais com aptidão para tração pesada com exceção das fêmeas do estado de Pernambuco com aptidão intermediária. Os índices de carga 1 e 2 indicaram maior capacidade de suporte de peso sobre o dorso a trote ou a galope e a passo, aos animais do estado de Pernambuco. Em relação ao perfil morfológico e faneróptico, verificou-se predominância de pelagem tordilha, cascos escuros ou pretos e pequenos, perfil de chanfro subconvexo e pescoço com forma piramidal, lábios firmes e justapostos e garupa ligeiramente inclinada. Ocorreu dimorfismo sexual e efeito de local sobre a maioria das medidas e dos índices avaliados, indicando a existência de dois ecótipos.

The main objectives of this study were to identify the role that customary law and traditional leadership can play, without compromising their current positions or future recognition through legislation, in creating a better life for their constituents. The study analysed diverse issues such as legislative reform, the future role and functions of traditional leaders, training needs of traditional leaders, and the impact of a possible lack of commitment by national and provincial government on the training of traditional leaders to fulfill their functions within the ambit of the Constitution.

The main objectives of this study were to identify the role that customary law and traditional leadership can play, without compromising their current positions or future recognition through legislation, in creating a better life for their constituents. The study analysed diverse issues such as legislative reform, the future role and functions of traditional leaders, training needs of traditional leaders, and the impact of a possible lack of commitment by national and provincial government on the training of traditional leaders to fulfill their functions within the ambit of the Constitution.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 1999. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 350-356).

This thesis is an aetiological investigation of the Hellenistic and Roman figural bronze statuettes in the round that form part of the Ashmolean Museum's antiquities collection. The collection serves as a lens through which to study aspects of ancient and modern receptions of Classical sculptural forms. This approach is based on the premise that the collection's composition has been historically determined not only by how the modern parties responsible for its creation and growth responded to the sculptural forms and images recovered from antiquity, but also by how sculptural forms developed in Greece during the Classical and early Hellenistic periods were received by makers and users of bronze statuettes in antiquity. The thesis has three primary objectives: firstly, to produce a useful and informative catalogue of the Ashmolean Museum's collection of Hellenistic and Roman figural anthropomorphic bronze statuettes in the round; secondly, to determine not only how that collection came to have the characteristics that it does, but also how the reception of ancient sculpture has historically affected the formation of collections of bronze statuettes and their compositions; thirdly, to use archaeological evidence of bronze statuettes to reconstruct possible contexts and to determine in greater detail the reception of canonical sculptural figure types in the form of small bronzes during the Hellenistic and Roman periods. Part I of the thesis deals with the modern contexts for the statuettes, investigating the collection history, pulling out its salient characteristics and then comparing these to other major collections to make informed observations about how and why specific types of statuettes have survived from antiquity and the roles that modern reception of antiquity has played in shaping collections. This leads to Part II, which attempts to reconstruct possible ancient contexts for the Ashmolean bronzes by looking at the archaeological evidence for their production, movement use and display. Part III uses some of the figures of dwarfs, Herakles and Hermes in the collection to develop case studies that examine aspects of the visual relationships that existed between small bronzes and classical sculpture from the Classical and early Hellenistic periods.

L’inventaire in situ des gorgones des Petites Antilles françaises dans les années 80 a permis de lister 46 espèces jusqu’à 55m et six taxons exclusivement profonds. Cinq espèces sont signalées pour la première fois. Bien que les gorgones puissent être abondantes et pèsent sur la conservation des écosystèmes et paysages, elles sont peu prises en considération. Pourtant, l’intérêt des humains pour ces organismes n’est pas nouveau. La première partie est donc une approche culturelle. Les conceptions et savoirs liés au contexte idéologique et aux usages locaux ont évolué entre mythe et rationnel. Les gorgones sont devenues des objets de science au XVIIIè s. traitées par l’Histoire Naturelle puis par une approche pluridisciplinaire. Les enquêtes ethnographiques auprès des usagers de la mer confrontés aux mesures de protection révèlent leurs perceptions et connaissances. Mais pour la gestion (évaluation et suivi) ou la recherche, l’expertise taxinomique est fondamentale. La seconde partie aborde donc la systématique et soumet : 1) Les mises en synonymie des éventails de mer Gorgonia ventalina et G. flabellum et du couple Pterogorgia anceps et P. citrina 2) L’élévation des sous-genres Eunicea et Euniceopsis au rang de genres 3) La description d’une espèce d’Eunicea présumée nouvelle 4) La reconnaissance de complexes d’espèces. La pertinence des critères taxinomiques est discutée. De plus, ce travail apporte des données sur la distribution et les assemblages de gorgones. De façon générale, elles constituent une référence avant l’accélération des perturbations locales et globales qui conduisent à des changements récents affectant les paysages et le fonctionnement des écosystèmes. / In the 80's the inventory in situ of the gorgonians in French Lesser Antilles leads to the knowledge of 46 species up to 55 m and six other ones deep. For the first time, five new species have been discovered in these geographical zones. The gorgonians are widespread in the shallow waters. They positively act on the ecosystems but they are not particularly taken into account for conservation of marine areas. However they are of great interest for humans since a long time. The first part of this work is therefore a cultural approach. It consists in describing the evolution in the way of seeing the gorgones. They were scientifically studied from the XVIIIth century and they were afterward noticed by multidisciplinary fields. Ethnological surveys on the users of the sea are interesting but the taxonomic expertise is inevitable for the management issues and researches upon marines ecosystems. Thus, the second part describes the systematic of caribbean gorgonians and submits 1) The sea fans Gorgonia ventalina and G. flabellum and the sister species Pterogorgia anceps and P. citrina are synonymous 2) The rise of the sub-genus Eunicea and Euniceopsis to genus level 3) The description of a new Eunicea species 4) The recognition of species complexes. Each taxonomical feature is analyzed and discussed. Datas of this work are a baseline before local and worldwide changes which affect the landscapes and the marine ecosystems functioning.

Thesis (Kandidatspeciale / MA)--Institute of Anthropology, University of Copenhagen. / Title from screen page; viewed 25 July 2005. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print format.

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität, Leipzig, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 399-448) and index.