Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T16:34:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Beatriz de Oliveira e Silva.pdf: 1500730 bytes, checksum: f5413159907acc5b01c5868753e27ea9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-05-20 / Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo / This research addresses the assistance system of the Irmandade da Misericórdia de São Paulo for exposed children in the late XIX to mid-XX century. The actions and practices of individuals in charge of the system, the power relations, as well as the result of the actions of the ones involved in the exposed children's education were analyzed . The sources' survey was conducted in theArquivo do Museu da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo. The Relatórios da Mesa Administrativa for the years 1902 to 1947 were consulted, mainly the ones relative to the years of 1903, 1936, 1943 and 1944. The reports consisted of "reports" sent by the heads of institutions maintained by the Irmandade: Hospital Central, São Luiz Gonzaga, Externato São José, Hospital dos Lázaros, Asilo Santo Antonio and the Asilo dos Expostos. The exposed children's stewardshipreports were composed of two parts. In the first part, the steward reported the major events and the development of the activities taking place in the various sections of the asylum: leadership, school, wet nurses. The second part, written by the physician in charge for the children's medical assistance, discoursed on the of health, hygiene and wet nurses' nurture conditions . Those reports allow to identify the actions and practices of the stewards. From 1943 on, the kindergarten teacher's report was also available, as well as the social worker's one. A literature search was also conducted about São Paulo city's socioeconomic background and also on childhood social history, with an emphasis on the institutionalized child. It was possible to observe that Misericordia's assistance was dynamic, that is, it incorporated, although slowly, innovations concerning assistance and education to poor children. However, interventions in order to provide social mobility to those children were not detected, but rather an acceptance with their social status / Esta pesquisa aborda o sistema assistencial da Irmandade da Misericórdia de São Paulo para as crianças expostas do final do século XIX a meados do século XX. Analisou-se as ações e práticas dos responsáveis pelo sistema, as relações de poder, bem como o resultado da atuação dos sujeitos envolvidos na educação dos expostos. O levantamento das fontes foi realizado no Arquivo do Museu da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo. Consultei os Relatórios da Mesa Administrativa relativos aos anos de 1902 a 1947, principalmente os referentes aos anos de 1903, 1936, 1943 e 1944. Os relatórios eram compostos por "relatórios" enviados pelos responsáveis pelas instituições mantidas pela Irmandade: Hospital Central, São Luiz Gonzaga, Externato São José, Hospital dos Lázaros, Asilo Santo Antonio e o Asilo dos Expostos. Os relatórios da mordomia dos expostos eram compostos de duas partes. Em uma primeira, o mordomo relatava os principais acontecimentos e o desenvolvimento das atividades nas diversas seções do Asilo: direção, escola, amas-de-leite. A segunda era elaborada pelo médico responsável pela assistência médica discorria sobre as condições de saúde, higiene e a criação das crianças pelas amas de leite. Os relatórios permitem identificar as ações e práticas dos mordomos. A partir de 1943, tem-se também o relatório da professora responsável pelo Jardim de Infância e da assistente social. Foi realizada ainda pesquisa bibliográfica sobre o contexto socioeconômico da cidade de São Paulo e acerca da História social da infância, Com ênfase na criança institucionalizada. Com esta pesquisa foi possível perceber que a assistência da Misericórdia era dinâmica, ou seja, incorporava, ainda que lentamente as inovações referentes à assistência e educação de crianças pobres. Contudo, não se percebe uma intervenção no sentido de propiciar mobilidade social às crianças, mas uma conformação ao seu status social

Syftet med denna avhandling är att utforska barns perspektiv på respons i samband med att de upplever våld i nära relation. Särskild betoning ligger på barnens egna, deras syskons, mor- och farföräldrars och andra vuxnas handlingar och reaktioner. På så sätt är målet att undersöka det relationella sammanhangets betydelse för våldsutsatta barn. Avhandlingens teoretiska ansats utgörs av barndomssociologi, sociologin om detpersonliga livet och positioneringsteori. Avhandlingen består av fyra delarbeten. Artikel I analyserar hur barns röst används i kvalitativ forskning om barn som upplever våld. De följande empiriska artiklarna, som bygger på analyser av kvalitativa intervjuer med 20 barn (11–19 år), undersöker barns erfarenhet av respons i samband med våld. Barnens berättelser visar att det ofta finns personer som känner till våldet och undersöker hur barnen själva, deras syskon (artikel II), mor- och farföräldrar (artikelIV) samt andra vuxna (artikel III) positionernas i barnens berättelser. Resultaten visar att barn upplever och responderar på våld på en rad olika sätt. Även personer i det relationella sammanhanget reagerar olika gentemot det utsatta barnet, vilket kan förstås utifrån att relationer omges av olika förväntningar och att respons är ett interaktionellt fenomen – individer i barnens närhet anpassar sin respons efter hur barnen responderar.Omgivningens respons beskrivs av barnen som hjälpsamma eller ohjälpsamma beroende på hur lyhörd, tillgänglig och nära individen upplevs. Avhandlingen visar vidare på att barnen har ett begränsat handlingsutrymme och endast ett fåtal positioner finns tillgängliga när de upplever våld. De primära positioner de våldsutsatta barnen erbjuds är de som ”sårbart offer”, ”sårbar men kompetent aktör” samt ”vuxenlik och omsorgsgivande aktör”. En nyckelfaktor för att barnen ska få hjälpsam respons är att de positioneras som både sårbara offer och som kompetenta aktörer. / The aim with this thesis is to explore children’s perspectives on responses when experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV). Special focus is on the children’s own responses, as well as the actions and reactions of their siblings, grandparents and other adults in their proximity. Through this, the objective is to explore the significance of the relational setting for children exposed to IPV. This thesis is inspired by the sociology of childhood and the sociology of personal life. It has also employed positioning theory. The thesis consists of four papers. In article I, the use of children’s voices in qualitative research with children exposed to IPV is discussed. The following empirical papers, who are based on analyses of interviews with 20 children (11–19 years of age), explore children’s experiences of responses when exposed to violence. The children’s stories suggest that there often are people who know about the violence and the articles analyse how children position themselves in their stories, but also how they are positioned by their siblings (article II), their grandparents (article IV) and other adults (article III). Children exposed to IPV may experience the violence differently and respond to the abuse in a variety of ways. Similarly, individuals in the children’s relational setting may respond to the abused children differently, which can be understood on the basis that relationships are surrounded by different expectations and that responses are interactional phenomenon – individuals close to the children partly adapt their response to how the children react to the abuse. Children describe responses from individuals in their relational setting as either helpful or unhelpful, depending on how responsive, accessible and intimate the individual is perceived. The thesis also suggests that the children have a limited room for maneuverer and only a few positions available for them in the aftermath of violence. The primary attainable positions to the children experiencing IPV are the ones as ‘vulnerable victim’, ‘vulnerable but competent actor’, and ‘adult-like and caregiving actor’. A key factor for children to receive helpful responses is being positioned as vulnerable victims and as competent actors simultaneously.