Essa tese tem como objeto de estudo a história do Instituto de Arquitetos do Brasil entre 1920 e 1970, buscando compreender o lugar que a entidade ocupou no meio profissional brasileiro e as redes institucionais de diálogo que teceu em âmbito nacional e internacional ao longo do período. Com isso, pretende discutir seu papel para a construção coletiva de uma nova sociabilidade profissional, para o estabelecimento de laços efetivos de troca e para a elaboração, afirmação e difusão de ideários e práticas arquitetônicas e urbanísticas. A narrativa foi organizada em três capítulos, sobrepostos em seu recorte cronológico, que buscam pensar essas tramas institucionais costuradas pelo IAB em seus distintos alcances: nacional, americano e global, respectivamente. / This thesis aims to study the history of the Institute of Architects of Brazil between 1920 and 1970, trying to understand the place that the entity occupied in the Brazilian professional circles and the institutional networks of dialogue that developed at national and international level throughout the period. It intends to discuss the Institute\'s role for the collective construction of a new professional network, for the establishment of effective communication ties and for the creation, assertion and diffusion of architectonic and urbanistic ideas and practices. The narrative was organized in three chapters with a common chronological boundary, striving to analyze these networks built by the IAB in their different scopes: national, American and global, respectively.

Floating-gate transistors similar to those used in FLASH and EEPROM can be used to build reconfigurable analog arrays. The charge on the floating gate can be modified to pass or block a signal in a cross-bar switch matrix, or it can be finely tuned to eliminate a threshold difference across a chip or set a bias. By using such a compact and versatile reconfigurable analog memory element, the number of analog circuit components included on an integrated circuit that is field-programmable is significantly higher. As a result, large-scale FPAAs can be built with the same impact on analog design that FPGAs have had on digital design. In my research, I investigate the areas floating-gate transistors can be used to impact FPAA design and implementation. An FPAA can be broken up into two basic components, elements of connection and elements of computation. With respect to connection, I show that a floating-gate switch can be used in a cross-bar matrix in place of a transmission gate resulting in less parasitic capacitance and a more linear resistance for the same size transistor. I illuminate the programming issues relating to injecting a floating-gate for use as a switch, including the drain selection circuitry and rogue injection due to gate induced drain leakage. With respect to computation, I explain how a Multiple-Input Translinear Element, or MITE, can be augmented to fit in an FPAA framework. I also discuss two different MITE implementations compatible with CMOS technology, a subthreshold MOS design and a BJT MITE that uses a lateral BJT. Beyond FPAA components, I present two alternative FPAA systems. The first is a general purpose reconfigurable analog system that uses standard analog design components that have been augmented with floating-gates. The second FPAA is built upon MITE circuits, and is focused on supporting direct system synthesis. I conclude with a discussion of a future large-scale MITE FPAA.