Three Dimensional Video (3DV) has become increasingly popular with the success of 3D cinema. Moreover, emerging display technology offers an immersive experience to the viewer without the necessity of any visual aids such as 3D glasses. 3DV applications, Three Dimensional Television (3DTV) and Free Viewpoint Television (FTV) are auspicious technologies for living room environments by providing immersive experience and look around facilities. In order to provide such an experience, these technologies require a number of camera views captured from different viewpoints. However, the capture and transmission of the required number of views is not a feasible solution, and thus view rendering is employed as an efficient solution to produce the necessary number of views. Depth-image-based rendering (DIBR) is a commonly used rendering method. Although DIBR is a simple approach that can produce the desired number of views, inherent artifacts are major issues in the view rendering. Despite much effort to tackle the rendering artifacts over the years, rendered views still contain visible artifacts. This dissertation addresses three problems in order to improve 3DV quality: 1) How to improve the rendered view quality using a direct approach without dealing each artifact specifically. 2) How to handle disocclusions (a.k.a. holes) in the rendered views in a visually plausible manner using inpainting. 3) How to reduce spatial inconsistencies in the rendered view. The first problem is tackled by an edge-aided rendering method that uses a direct approach with one-dimensional interpolation, which is applicable when the virtual camera distance is small. The second problem is addressed by using a depth-based inpainting method in the virtual view, which reconstructs the missing texture with background data at the disocclusions. The third problem is undertaken by a rendering method that firstly inpaint occlusions as a layered depth image (LDI) in the original view, and then renders a spatially consistent virtual view. Objective assessments of proposed methods show improvements over the state-of-the-art rendering methods. Visual inspection shows slight improvements for intermediate views rendered from multiview videos-plus-depth, and the proposed methods outperforms other view rendering methods in the case of rendering from single view video-plus-depth. Results confirm that the proposed methods are capable of reducing rendering artifacts and producing spatially consistent virtual views. In conclusion, the view rendering methods proposed in this dissertation can support the production of high quality virtual views based on a limited number of input views. When used to create a multi-scopic presentation, the outcome of this dissertation can benefit 3DV technologies to improve the immersive experience.

In master thesis called Positive and Negative news in Television Broadcasting we dealt with the structure of television news from negative vs. positive news angle of view in the main television broadcasts of Czech television, TV Nova and FTV Prima. At first we recalled the thought that news have been as many other demonstrations of society constructed. Then we dealt with mechanisms and influences, which affect form of media outputs; we focused on concept of gatekeeping, media routines, character features and news values. One of them was negativity. We presented journalistic concepts, which are aimed positive: Solution Journalism and Constructive Journalism. Than we focused on television broadcasting and its limits. We showed some researches and ideas about audience of broadcasting and about potential influence on it. We have introduced three analyzed TV stations. The analysis showed us percentage of positive and negative news in three main news programs of Czech television, TV Nova and FTV Prima. We analyzed them from the view of predominance, overlap (news, which occurred on more than one station in the same evening), topics, dichotomy home/foreign and concept of constructive news.

在商業化的市場環境下，電視媒體往往追求自身利益而忽視其身為社會公器應發揮的作用，導致新聞與新聞性節目的品質下降。然而，在商業電視台當中，仍有受到許多獎項肯定的新聞雜誌節目。本研究以【民視異言堂】為研究對象，採用深度訪談的方式，探討（一）其在產製過程中，如何因應外部市場導向環境帶來的衝擊；（二）了解媒體組織的內部因素對於節目產製之影響，包括其產製理念與價值；（三）探討商業電視台如何維持具品質的電視新聞雜誌。 本研究發現，在面對收視率思維的外部環境之下，商營電視台要試圖找出平衡點來兼顧市場性與公共性；在媒體內部組織中，組織文化與目標影響著組織成員對於新聞雜誌節目的品質標準，也培養組織成員在觀察議題的深度與前瞻性，且節目品質的維持需要由整個媒體組織的成員共同進行維護與重視，培養對於節目品質的意識與警覺。研究建議應以提升節目品質的觀點來看待新聞與新聞性節目，經營者與產製者要有良好的動機與特質，才能發揮新聞雜誌節目的功能與肩負對社會的責任。 / In the commercial market environment, the television media tend to pursue their own interests while ignoring their social responsibility as the roles of the leading quality news and news program are in decline. However, in the commercial television which, still some of them produce award recognized news magazine programs. In this case study, the news magazine program [Yi Yan Tang, FTV], using in-depth interviews ways to explore (a) the process of its production system, how to respond to external market-oriented environmental impact; (b) to understand the media organization's internal factors for the production system of the impact of the program, including its production system of ideas and values; (c) to explore how to maintain a good quality of commercial television news magazine. The study found that, in the face of the external environment of TV rating focus, commercial stations have to try to find a balance to take into account the marketability and public interest; in the media within the organization, the culture and goals affect the organization members for the news magazine quality standards of the program, but also train members of the organization in question to observe the depth and forward-looking, and the need to maintain program quality by members of the entire media organizations jointly maintenance and attention, training for program quality consciousness and alertness. Research proposals improve the quality of the program to look at the news and news program, manager and operation system must have the good motives and characteristics in order to make news-magazine programs and their social responsibility work.

Diploma thesis "Comparation of press agencies and foreign correspondents news contribution" observe, analyze and compare foreing news in main television news sessions on channels Česká televize and FTV Prima. The target is to learn, if foreign television correspondents can distinctly contribute to the news progamme. Working hypothesis comes from theoretical scholar literature and practical experiences of author. The research establish approximate percentage of original correspondet reports and news agency reports edited in Prague in the selected media sample. With quantitative reserach approach the work evaluate parameters of each foreign news report. The goal is to make the analysis the most reliable as possible. It focuses questions as if correspondent brings exclusive topics and topics with relation to Czech republic, if correspondents are pushed to produce feature reports instead of actual reports, if live coverage is really the most up-to-date and authentic form of reporting, if world news agencies are really indispensable source of international news and audiovisual materials and if news agencies offer more complex service than televison correspondents.

Cette thèse aborde la problématique de compression des vidéos multi-vues avec pour pilier un souci constant du respect de la perception humaine du media, dans le contexte de la vidéo 3D. Les études et les choix portés durant cette thèse se veulent orientés par la recherche de la meilleure qualité perçue possible des vues synthétisées. L'enjeu des travaux que de cette thèse réside dans l'investigation de nouvelles techniques de compression des données multi-view-plus-depth (MVD) limitant autant que possible les dégradations perceptibles sur les vues synthétisées à partir de ces données décodées. La difficulté vient du fait que les sources de dégradations des vues synthétisées sont d'une part multiples et d'autre part difficilement mesurables par les techniques actuelles d'évaluation de qualité d'images. Pour cette raison, les travaux de cette thèse s'articulent autour de deux axes principaux: l'évaluation de la qualité des vues synthétisées ainsi que les artefacts spécifiques et l'étude de schémas de compression des données MVD aidée de critères perceptuels. Durant cette thèse nous avons réalisé des études pour caractériser les artefacts liés aux algorithmes DIBR. Les analyses des tests de Student réalisés à partir des scores des tests de Comparaisons par paires et ACR-HR ont permis de déterminer l'adéquation des méthodes d'évaluation subjective de qualité pour le cas des vues synthétisées. L'évaluation des métriques objectives de qualité d'image/vidéo ont également permis d'établir leur corrélation avec les scores subjectifs. Nous nous sommes ensuite concentrés sur la compression des cartes de profondeur, en proposant deux méthodes dérivées pour le codage des cartes de profondeur et basées sur la méthode LAR. En nous appuyant sur nos observations, nous avons proposé une stratégie de représentation et de codage adaptée au besoin de préserver les discontinuités de la carte tout en réalisant des taux de compression importants. Les comparaisons avec les codecs de l'état de l'art (H.264/AVC, HEVC) montrent que notre méthode propose des images de meilleure qualité visuelle à bas débit. Nous avons également réalisé des études sur la répartition du débit entre la texture et la profondeur lors de la compression de séquences MVD. Les résultats de cette thèse peuvent être utilisés pour aider à la conception de nouveaux protocoles d'évaluation de qualité de données de synthèse; pour la conception de nouvelles métriques de qualité; pour améliorer les schémas de codage pour les données MVD, notamment grâce aux approches originales proposées; pour optimiser les schémas de codage de données MVD, à partir de nos études sur les relations entre la texture et la profondeur.