This diploma thesis is oriented primarily on fair trade and its application possibilities in selected areas of public administration in the Czech Republic. The theoretical part of thesis deals with fair trade system, its principes, projects that are implemented to support it and specific examples of these projects. Finally, it is also mentioned the comodities, which are cultivated in fair trade certification. The practical part is based on a questionnaire survey. A part of this research is a questionnaire, which was sent to the regional authorities of the Czech Republic and selected municipal authorities of the South Bohemian Region. The questionnaire focuses on the participation of these authorities in the fair trade system, the consumption of fair trade products in the office and finally the possibilities to participate in the "Fairtrade office" certification. The aim of the theses is find out a current involvment of regional authorities and municipal autorities of the South Bohemian region in the fair trade system, support of this system and posibble activities that are implemented to support it.

The aim of this thesis is to analyze the functioning of Fair Trade and define the main opportunities which it offers to the producers from Africa. The first chapter contains the typical features of this concept, its definition, essential principles, methods of certification, a brief historical overview and current development. It also introduces some important international organizations involved in Fair Trade. The second chapter focuses on Fair Trade in Africa. It includes the analysis of African market, SWOT analysis and definition of some important Fair Trade organizations in Africa and their main activities. The emphasis is given to Fair Trade in Africa, the utilization and distribution of Fair Trade premium, commodity structure, number of farmers involved in the concept of Fair Trade and some other factors. The last part is devoted to the cocoa industry in Africa and two major cooperatives operating in the Ivory Coast and Ghana.

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / O presente trabalho aborda as relaÃÃes sociais estabelecidas entre consumidores urbanos da cidade de Fortaleza e produtores rurais familiares de Guaraciaba do Norte, no Estado do CearÃ, associados em torno da ADAO â AssociaÃÃo para o Desenvolvimento da AgropecuÃria OrgÃnica. Trata-se de uma experiÃncia inspirada nos princÃpios da Agricultura Motivada pela Comunidade, em que consumidores se comprometem a adquirir semanalmente as hortaliÃas (folhas, frutos e raÃzes) produzidas pelos agricultores que, por sua vez, se comprometem a produzir de forma orgÃnica, em variedade, quantidade e qualidade, a demanda dos consumidores. A partir dessa experiÃncia, sÃo analisados os confrontos entre o campo (produtores) e a cidade (consumidores) â reais e idealizados â em diferentes nÃveis, de valores e perspectivas, assim como o papel do agrÃnomo, que se coloca como um mediador entre esses dois mundos, e os conflitos que daà emergem, contextualizados no embate entre a agricultura convencional (baseada no uso intensivo de produtos quÃmicos artificiais e, mais recentemente, nos organismos geneticamente modificados) e a agricultura orgÃnica (ou, no caso da ADAO, agricultura biodinÃmica), que evidencia alternativas nÃo apenas tecnolÃgica mas tambÃm como expressÃo do ethos da sociedade contemporÃnea que reivindica novas formas de relacionamento do homem com a natureza, nos processos de geraÃÃo de riquezas e de sua apropriaÃÃo mais igualitÃria e justa. Assim, a ADAO à analisada como um empreendimento de economia solidÃria e de mercado justo, considerando que ela se propÃe a afastar os interesses de lucro e busca de vantagens antagÃnicas entre consumidores e produtores, ao mesmo tempo em que apregoa a produÃÃo orgÃnica de alimentos, livres de agrotÃxicos, e condiÃÃes dignas aos produtores como prerrogativas. / The present work is about the social relationship established among urban consumers of Fortaleza and rural farmers of Guaraciaba do Norte, in the State of CearÃ, Brazil, associated in ADAO â AssociaÃÃo para o Desenvolvimento da AgropecuÃria OrgÃnica. That is an experience inspired in the principles of CSA â Community Supported Agriculture, in which consumers assume compromise to get, every week, the vegetables (leaves, fruits and ruts) produced by the farmers who, in turn, have to crop in organic ways, the variety, quantity and quality of food demanded by the consumers. Up from that experience, the confront â real and idealized â when rural (farmers) faces the city (consumers) is studied, in different levels, of values and perspectives, as well as the rule performed by the Agronomic Eng., who places himself as a mediator in the middle of those two worlds, and the conflicts then emerged, in the context of the shock between conventional agriculture (based on the intensive use of chemical artificial products and, more recently, of genetic modified organisms) and the organic agriculture (or, in the case of ADAO, biodynamic agriculture), that reveals alternatives, not only terms in the technologic aspects, but as expression of the ethos of contemporary society, that claims for new ways of relationship between man and nature in the processes of richness generation and its fair and equal appropriation. Then, ADAO is studied as a solidare economic relationship experience, considering that it proposes to eliminate profit interests and antagonist advantages between consumers and farmers, at the same time that defends the organic ways of cropping, chemicals free, and respecting farmers in their dignity.

<p>How affected are the sugar production in Mozambique and Tanzania by EU sugar regime? What does the EU sugar reform constitute in these countries?</p><p>Using theories regarding free trade and anti-free trade, I am able to answer these questions. The aim of this paper is to study how the various sugar agreements with EU affect the sugar production in Mozambique and Tanzania. Therefore I am using a method called a most similar system design in this comparative case study. The conclusion is that the EU sugar regime is the main reason to how the sugar productions in developing countries are. This conclusion is drawn since the difference in their developed sugar production is based on the importance of an advantageous sugar agreement. This can be applied to the case in Tanzania, which had a higher sugar export when the country had an advantageous sugar agreement with EU. Now when the trade has been more liberalized with the sugar reform the country does not have the same advantageous agreements with EU and the sugar export has been smaller. Compared to Tanzania Mozambique has had a better development in their sugar production, since their trade agreements with EU is better today than before 2001.</p>

Pomona College is an institution deeply committed to sustainability and student well being; however these commitments are not reflected in the College’s food purchases. Before this study, an assessment of purchasing had not been conducted at Pomona College. Using the Real Food Calculator – a metric designed to evaluate food purchasing at academic institutions – I tracked all food purchased by one of the College’s dining halls over the course of one month. Each food item was assessed based on the potential health concerns of its ingredients and whether the item was locally produced, ecologically sound and/or humane to determine whether it should be considered Real. The assessment metric also lists ingredients with potential health concerns (including trans fats, high fructose corn syrup, MSG, and others), which if present in the food item mean it cannot be considered Real. Of the over $150,000 worth of food purchases made during the study, 8.9% qualified as Real Food. Each food that qualified as Real Food met the standards for at least one of the attributes (local, ecologically sound, or humane). A total of 2.1% of all food purchases qualified for two attributes. Of the foods assessed, over one third contained ingredients considered harmful to human health. If Pomona is serious about its commitments to sustainability and student well being, it is time to include food purchasing in these discussions. The study concludes with a series of recommendations to improve food purchasing at Pomona College.

Many new forms of tourism have emerged over the past two decades claiming to provide an alternative, responsible approach to international travel. Unlike ecotourism and volunteer tourism, travel centered on solidarity activism has not been thoroughly explored in the academic literature. Through narrative interviews conducted with organizational staff, former travelers, and members of a rural host community, this study profiles three organizations that organize solidarity travel experiences in Nicaragua. Qualitative analysis of the interviews and secondary materials including blog posts and videos reveals that staff, travelers and community members feel that they benefit from the exchanges that take place during solidarity travel. However, the study participants also articulated a number of concerns and issues with the practice of solidarity travel, including the limited nature of ongoing contact between travelers, coordinating organizations, and the communities that are visited while in Nicaragua. The experience of solidarity travel provided participants with a greater understanding of the connections between Nicaragua and North America, and a critical self-awareness for young travelers in particular, as many were experiencing the Global South for the first time. The successful translation of that exposure and awareness into activism is less certain and is identified as an area for future improvement of the overall solidarity travel experience. Overall, this study contributes to the emerging literature on solidarity travel by comparing three organizations with different missions and methods, and showing how solidarity can be enacted in a variety of ways through travel. Through the inclusion of three distinct groups of participants, this study also highlights similarities and differences related to the way solidarity travel is experienced by members of these groups.

This report will outline a new framework for improved yields and increased sustainability in Sub-Saharan African smallholder agriculture. Given the failures of agricultural development aid and policy in the past, cross-sector collaboration among local farmer networks, national governments, and private corporations could represent a new model to foster sustainable agricultural production and growth, as each has had past successes but have not traditionally come together to work as a collaborative unit. This paper will examine each sector to look at best practices and then develop a framework for such collaboration. After a normative case with a positive outlook as to the potential for implementing the framework to Senegal‘s groundnut sector, the paper concludes that the framework can work in a variety of settings as long as one is aware of and respects local conditions. / text

Many new forms of tourism have emerged over the past two decades claiming to provide an alternative, responsible approach to international travel. Unlike ecotourism and volunteer tourism, travel centered on solidarity activism has not been thoroughly explored in the academic literature. Through narrative interviews conducted with organizational staff, former travelers, and members of a rural host community, this study profiles three organizations that organize solidarity travel experiences in Nicaragua. Qualitative analysis of the interviews and secondary materials including blog posts and videos reveals that staff, travelers and community members feel that they benefit from the exchanges that take place during solidarity travel. However, the study participants also articulated a number of concerns and issues with the practice of solidarity travel, including the limited nature of ongoing contact between travelers, coordinating organizations, and the communities that are visited while in Nicaragua. The experience of solidarity travel provided participants with a greater understanding of the connections between Nicaragua and North America, and a critical self-awareness for young travelers in particular, as many were experiencing the Global South for the first time. The successful translation of that exposure and awareness into activism is less certain and is identified as an area for future improvement of the overall solidarity travel experience. Overall, this study contributes to the emerging literature on solidarity travel by comparing three organizations with different missions and methods, and showing how solidarity can be enacted in a variety of ways through travel. Through the inclusion of three distinct groups of participants, this study also highlights similarities and differences related to the way solidarity travel is experienced by members of these groups.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Wyoming, 2008. / Title from PDF title page (viewed on Nov. 18, 2009). Includes bibliographical references (p. 117-121).

The aim of this thesis is to find and describe the relationship between ethics and economics in terms of their separation and return in the history of economic thought. For a comprehensive entry at first basic terms and the most important milestones of economic thought throughout history are explained. The diploma work shows, within the historical framework, the most important trends of thinking of particular economic schools and through proven propositions it either affirms or denies them.