Cette thèse propose une analyse des transformations postcommunistes en Roumanie à partir d’une étude de la structuration de trajectoires familiales. La réflexion sur les itinéraires très variés de ces trajectoires familiales met en valeur les pratiques développées par les familles dans la construction de leur mode de vie quotidienne après la chute du communisme. L’approche utilisée privilégie deux axes d’analyse. Le premier vise les aspects socio-structurels concernant les cadres de la vie incluant les aspects matériels, alors que le deuxième, l’axe socio-symbolique, concerne les aspects subjectifs liés au vécu des acteurs en corrélation avec le contexte social en mutation. L’analyse est fondée sur des éléments issus de la théorie de la structuration qui ont contribué à la construction du cadre conceptuel. Elle s’appuie aussi sur la méthodologie qualitative qui comprend des récits de vie obtenus à partir des entretiens semi-dirigés réalisés avec les membres de 11 familles. Les thématiques retenues après l’analyse du corpus de données nous ont permis d’identifier des stratégies que les familles ont mises en place et les projets familiaux qui ont orienté leur parcours de vie durant la période de transition postcommuniste. Ces deux concepts révèlent des éléments liés à l’ordre général permettant ainsi la mise en évidence des tendances structurelles de la société postcommuniste. / This thesis presents an analysis of the process of post-communist transformation in Romania, through a study of the structure of family trajectories. An examination of the wide variety of family trajectories highlights the practices developed by families in rebuilding their way of life after the fall of communism. The approach adopts two axes of analysis. The first is the socio-structural framework for life including material aspects, while the second axis, the socio-symbolic axis addresses subjective aspects related to the experiences of actors within their changing social context. The analysis draws on the theory of structuration in its conceptual framework. It is also based on qualitative methodology which includes life stories obtained from semi-structured interviews conducted with members of 11 families. The themes selected after analysis of the data corpus allows us to identify strategies that families have put in place and family plans that have shaped their life course during the post-communist transition. These two concepts reveal elements related to the general order allowing the identification of structural trends of post-communist society in Romania.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:04:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 WaGNA MARIA DE ARAuJO OLIVEIRA.pdf: 1416253 bytes, checksum: 29f9758093369d0456dbe8c3b19136e2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-04-30 / The Health Family Strategy (HFS) it is pointed as an institutional policy of health services and assistance model of reguindance, focused in the family. This study has as general objective analyze the context of the Health Family Strategy in thedistricts that compose the Regional Administration of Health of west II of Goiás State (RAH west II), based in aspects of Technical Recommendations of a Project of Ministry of Health about, Quality of the Family Health Improvement Strategy (AMQ). It is a descriptive research, exploratory of quantitative nature, accomplished with all working nurses from the health family team of the 13 districts that compose RAH west II of Goiás. The data collected was accomplished from May to June of 2009, assisted by self applicable questionnaire with affirmatives in form of Likert type scale. The data were codified, inserted in the database produced in the Epi Info Software (CDC) Atlanta, 3.5.1 version, simple descriptive analysis was accomplished and the results presented in tables. Participated in the research 32 nurses that represents 100% of the professionals that act in HFS, mostly young women, with less than five years of graduation and of team working. By the results it was demonstrated that the context of the family health units presents difficulties related to physical structure that doesn't favor the team work, but that its organization still stimulates professionals participation, especially in the health education activities, although, investment is needed in professionals qualification, to enlarge the work with customers. It was evidenced that the implantation of HFS in the researched districts increased customers access to health services and improvements in life quality and in population health. AMQ was considered an important self valuation instrument that shows service quality indicators in HFS, and should be adopted by the managers of all districts with HF teams for allowing a systems vision of Health Family Units (HFU) reality. Those results can subsidize the teachers and professionals that work in public health as to insert services evaluation in HFS. We also from this experience intend to consolidate proposal for service teaching integration with intention of motivating the assess culture, in that context with the purpose of strategies planning that can strengthen the population health service. / A Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) é apontada como uma política institucional de reorientação dos serviços de saúde e modelo assistencial, centrada na família. Este estudo tem como objetivo geral analisar o contexto da Estratégia Saúde da Família nos municípios que compõem a Administração Regional de Saúde Oeste II do Estado de Goiás (ARS Oeste II), com base em aspectos das Recomendações Técnicas do Projeto para Melhoria da Qualidade da Estratégia Saúde da Família (AMQ) do Ministério da Saúde. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, exploratória de natureza quantitativa, realizada com todos os enfermeiros atuantes na equipe de Saúde da Família dos 13 municípios que compõem a ARS Oeste II de Goiás. A coleta de dados foi realizada no período de maio a junho de 2009, auxiliada por meio de um questionário auto-aplicável com afirmativas em forma de escala tipo Likert. Os dados foram codificados, inseridos no banco de dados produzido no Software Epi Info (CDC) Atlanta, versão 3.5.1, realizada análise descritiva simples e os resultados apresentados em forma de tabelas. Participaram da pesquisa 32 enfermeiros que representam 100 % dos profissionais que atuam na ESF, a maioria mulheres jovens, com menos de cinco anos de formadas e de atuação na equipe. Pelos resultados ficou demonstrado que o contexto das unidades de saúde da família apresenta dificuldades relacionadas à estrutura física que não favorece o trabalho em equipe, no entanto, a sua organização estimula a participação de todos os profissionais, especialmente nas atividades de educação em saúde, embora haja necessidade de investimento na qualificação dos mesmos para ampliar a atuação junto à clientela. Foi evidenciado que a implantação da ESF nos municípios pesquisados aumentou o acesso dos usuários aos serviços de saúde e proporcionou melhorias na qualidade de vida e na saúde da população. O AMQ foi considerado um importante instrumento de auto-avaliação que mostra os indicadores de qualidade de serviço na ESF, e deve ser adotado pelos gestores de todos os municípios com equipes de SF por permitir uma visão sistêmica da realidade nas Unidades de Saúde da Família (USF). Esses resultados poderão subsidiar os docentes e profissionais que atuam na área de saúde pública quanto à inserção da avaliação em serviços na ESF. Pretendemos também, a partir dessa experiência, consolidar proposta para integração ensino e serviço com o intuito de incentivar a cultura avaliativa nesse contexto com a finalidade de planejamento de estratégias que possam fortalecer o atendimento à saúde da população.

The Marillac were one of the most important noble families in early modern France. My analysis of this pivotal and deeply political family during the turbulent era of the French Wars of Religion (1562-1629) examines and explains the importance of the interaction of familial alliances, religion and diplomacy in the making of the state. This period represents a critical moment in the process of state development. In contrast to prevailing studies of early modern state formation that concentrate on a centrally-directed program, this dissertation argues that it was the expansion of family strategy, and its interplay with religion and diplomacy, that drove the ongoing construction of the early modern state. There was no blueprint for the creation of this state. Rather, it was born out of an accretion of policies formed by politically important clans working to advance their familial interests. By closely tracing the fortunes of the Marillac clan through archives and research libraries in France, this study discloses the nature of power in early modern Europe in its daily, practical manifestations. My project reaffirms the agency of the family and the individual in the making of the state. It showcases the importance of religious devotion to the formation of family strategy, and especially how Marillac women were drivers of this devotion. My research demonstrates how one family successfully negotiated the Wars of Religion. Additionally, I discuss the impactful role of the individual diplomat in the practice of foreign affairs. Finally, by tracing the fortunes of the Marillac family, I show how a family not only rises to power, but falls, as well as the consequences and limits of disgrace. My research will therefore contribute to the fields of early modern state-building, diplomacy, religious politics, and women and gender through the prism of Marillac family strategy and its interaction with religion and diplomacy.