Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2001. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 84-94).

Orientador: Carmen Silvia Bertuzzo / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-12T11:46:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Goncalves_ClaudiaEstela_M.pdf: 1883480 bytes, checksum: 5c9ad07b778588f38de1f644ecd18847 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: A Anemia de Fanconi (AF) é uma doença que apresenta herança autossômica recessiva. É caracterizada por múltiplas anomalias congênitas, progressiva falha da medula óssea e alto risco para desenvolvimento de câncer. A mais importante das características clínicas é a manifestação hematológica, responsável pelo grande número de morbidade e mortalidade em portadores de AF. Também é chamada de síndrome da instabilidade cromossômica por apresentar hipersensibilidade a agentes clastogênicos como a mitomicina C e diepoxibutano. A incidência da AF em todo o mundo é de aproximadamente, três por milhão e a frequência de heterozigotos é estimada em um para 300 na Europa e Estados Unidos. No Brasil não há dados sobre a prevalência da doença. Foram descobertos até o momento 13 grupos de complementação (FANCA, B, C, D1, D2, E, F, G, I, J, L, M e N), e os 13 genes foram clonados e pelo menos 11 genes estão relacionados ao distúrbio. O presente estudo teve como objetivo a análise das principais mutações (IVS4+4A>T, Q13X, W22X, DG322, R185X, L496R, L554P, e R548X) do gene FANCC em pacientes com quadro clínico de AF. Foram analisados 121 indivíduos com clínica compatível à AF e com DEB teste positivo. Na amostra encontramos 14% de indivíduos heterozigotos e 4% de indivíduos homozigotos para as mutações mais freqüentes do gene FANCC. As mutações mais prevalentes foram: IVS4+4A>T com 6,6% dos alelos analisados, com freqüência similar à encontrada na literatura, W22X com 2.47% dos cromossomos analisados e Q13X com 1.23% dos cromossomos analisados. Na triagem de mutações pela técnica de SSCP, encontramos alterações nos éxons 1, 4 e 6. / Abstract: Fanconi anaemia (FA) is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by congenital abnormalities, progressive bone marrow failure and high risk of developing cancer. The most important of the clinic feature is hematologic, and too the most important cause of morbidity and mortality in FA. It's also called Chromosomal Instability Syndrome to the fact of cells presents hipersensibility to DNA cross-linking agents like mitomycin C and diepoxybutane. The incidence of FA is approximately three per million and the heterozygote frequency is estimated at 1 in 300 in Europe and United States. In Brazil there's no data about prevalence of FA. It was discovered at least 13 complementation groups (FANCA, B, C, D1, D2, E, F, G, I, J, L, M e N), and 13 genes have been cloned and there are at least 11 that are related to the disease. The study had as general objective the analysis of the main mutations (IVS4+4A>T, Q13X, W22X, DG322, R185X, L496R, L554P, and R548X) of FANCC gene in patients with clinic compatible of FA. We analyzed 121 patients with compatible clinic and positive DEB test. In the sample we found 14% of individuals heterozygous and homozygous individuals of 4% for the most frequent mutations of the gene FANCC. Mutations were more prevalent: IVS4 4 A> T with 6.6% of alleles tested, often similar to that found in the literature, W22X with 2.47% of chromosomes analyzed and Q13X with 1.23% of chromosomes analyzed. In screening for mutations by the technique of SSCP, we found changes in exons 1, 4 and 6. / Mestrado / Mestre em Farmacologia

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Cornell University, May, 2009. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Virginia, 2008. / Title from title page. Includes bibliographical references. Also available online through Digital Dissertations.

Orientador: Carmen Silvia Bertuzzo / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-03T15:38:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AguilarRodriguez_DavidEnrique_D.pdf: 4668835 bytes, checksum: 3c1abf6e2f254877f29ff8772ac563fc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003 / Doutorado

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / The Fanconi anemia (FA) pathway consists of 21 genes that maintain genomic stability and prevent cancer. Biallelic mutations within this network cause Fanconi anemia, an inherited bone marrow failure and cancer predisposition syndrome. Heterozygous inborn mutations in FA genes increase risk of breast/ovarian cancers, and somatic mutations occur in malignancies in non-Fanconi patients. Understanding the tumor suppressive functions of FA signaling is important for the study of Fanconi anemia, inherited cancers, and sporadic cancers. The FA network functions as a genome guardian throughout the cell cycle. In addition to the well-established roles of FA proteins in interphase DNA replication/repair, the FA pathway controls mitosis by regulating the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) to ensure proper chromosome segregation. The SAC consists of several tumor suppressors, including Mad2, and SAC impairment predisposes to aneuploidy and cancer. However, the in vivo contribution of SAC dysfunction to malignant transformation of FA-deficient cells remains unknown. Furthermore, the mechanisms by which FA proteins regulate the SAC are unclear. To test whether SAC dysfunction drives genomic instability and tumorigenesis in FA, we generated a novel FA-SAC model by intercrossing Fancc-/- and Mad2+/- mice. The intercrossed mice displayed heightened aneuploidy secondary to exacerbated SAC dysfunction. Importantly, these mice were prone to developing hematologic malignancies, particularly leukemia, faithfully recapitulating the clinical phenotype of Fanconi anemia. Upon establishing SAC dysfunction as a driver of tumorigenesis in FA, we next explored the mechanism by which FANCC regulates the SAC. We demonstrated that the mitotic kinase CDK1 phosphorylates FANCC to regulate subcellular localization and SAC function of FANCC during mitosis. Our study highlights the essential role of compromised chromosome segregation in the development of leukemia due to impaired FA signaling. This work furthers our knowledge of FANCC signaling at the SAC, and has implications for future use of mitotic-centered therapies for FA-associated tumors. / 2 years

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1999. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 83-112).

Orientador: Carmen Silvia Bertuzzo / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T14:33:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Amstalden_LucilaGobby_D.pdf: 2331693 bytes, checksum: b9984b5e8cbc2821d446ee5281ae4200 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: O câncer de mama (CM) é o tipo de câncer que mais comumente ocorre entre mulheres, com a estimativa de 49.240 novos casos diagnosticados em 2010 no Brasil. O CM apresenta fatores de risco conhecidos como idade, fatores sócio-econômicos, etnia, exposição excessiva a hormônios, radiação, dieta, exercícios físicos, história ginecológica e história familiar. Além dos fatores de risco, o CM apresenta fatores de prognóstico mensurados no momento do diagnóstico e que servem como preditor da sobrevida do paciente. Existem pelo menos 20 subtipos de CM distintos morfologicamente. O complexo formado pelos genes FANCD2 e FANCI tem a função chave de co-localizar o sítio nuclear de reparo para proteínas que diretamente estão relacionadas à recombinação homóloga como BRCA1, juntamente com FANCJ, RAD51, BRCA2/FANCD1 com FANCN. A descoberta de que o gene BRCA2 é, na verdade, FANCD1 atraiu pesquisadores para um novo alvo na corrida para a compreensão da história natural da doença, informação esta que permitirá avaliar a hipótese dos genes de reparo de DNA na susceptibilidade ou refratariedade para carcinogênese. O objetivo do atual estudo foi analisar as principais alterações nos genes FANCD2 e FANCI utilizando PCR e digestão enzimática e, paralelamente, rastreamento dos éxons dos genes por meio do sequenciamento automático. A casuística foi formada por 137 mulheres com CM hereditário. Foram encontradas oito alterações em 33 indivíduos e cinco variantes exônicas não relatadas, novas. Por meio de análise estatística, houve a correlação entre indivíduos mutados e dados clínicos. Esse estudo foi de grande valia para a detecção de alterações que podem funcionar como estopim para o desenvolvimento do câncer em indivíduos com CM com histórico familiar sem mutações em genes de alta suscetibilidade, como também servir para caracterizar um tipo histológico distinto auxiliando na terapêutica futura / Abstract: Breast Cancer (BC) is the cancer type more commonly occurs among women with estimative of 49.240 new cases in 2010. The BC presents risk factors as: age, social-economic factors, ethnicity, hormone exposure, radiation, diet, physical exercises and familiar history. Besides the risk factors BC has prognosis factors measured in diagnostic. There's, at least, 20 subtypes of BC morphologically different. Corcerning molecular epidemiology, the BC is associated to many genes and in mutations in various genes as BRCA1 e 2, p53, PTEN. The FANCD2/FANCI complex have a key function of co-localize motif of DNA repair to proteins that directly act on homologue recombination as BRCA1 with FANCJ, RAD51, BRCA2/FANCD1 with FANCN. The discovery the BRCA2 is, actually, FANCD1 gene has leaded researchers to the new target in knowledge of natural history of disease.The aim of this study was to analyse alterations in FANCD2 and FANCI genes through PCR followed enzimatic restriction. At same time, was performed the screening of the genes exons. The casuistic was constituted from 137 women with hereditary breast cancer. We encountered eight alterations in 25 individuals and 5 exonic variants not reported. This study was very important with the purpose to detect alterations can be responsible by the cancer evolution in BC patients without mutations in high susceptibility genes and to server to characterize a distinct histological types to future therapeutic / Doutorado / Ciencias Biomedicas / Doutor em Ciências Médicas

Budding yeast Slx4 binds to the structure-specific DNA repair nucleases Slx1 and Rad1XPF-Rad10ERCC1, and it was reported that Slx4 is essential for DNA flap cleavage by Rad1XPF-Rad10ERCC1 during certain types of DNA repair in yeast. At the outset of this thesis, bioinformatic analyses identified the uncharacterised protein BTBD12 in higher eukaryotes as a putative orthologue of yeast Slx4. In the first results chapter of this thesis, I describe the identification of BTBD12-interacting proteins, including XPF-ERCC1 and SLX1. These findings led me to refer to BTBD12 as human SLX4. I found that SLX4 binds to another structure-specific nuclease MUS81-EME1, and other proteins involved in telomere maintenance and cell cycle progression. The remainder of this chapter describes detailed biochemical analysis of the nuclease activities associated with the SLX4 complex isolated from human cells. Work from this lab and others revealed that depletion of SLX4 from human cells using siRNAs causes defects in the repair of DNA interstrand crosslinks (ICLs). Inherited mutations in humans that reduce the efficiency of ICL repair cause Fanconi anaemia (FA). The cellular sensitivity of SLX4 depleted cells to ICLs prompted me to investigate SLX4 as a candidate FA gene. Dr. Johan de Winter (VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam) and Dr. Detlev Schindler (University of Wurzburg) had identified several patients with unclassified FA that was not caused by mutations in the FA genes known at the time. In the second results I describe characterisation of SLX4, and the SLX4 holo-complex, in cells from some of these FA patients who had bi-allelic SLX4 mutations. In three of the patients SLX4 was expressed at normal levels but was missing part of the first, and all of the second, UBZ-type putative ubiquitin-binding domain. This prompted me to investigate the function of the SLX4 UBZ domains. I found that the first, but not the second, UBZ domain of SLX4 binds to ubiquitin in vitro and targets SLX4 to sites of DNA damage in vivo. Furthermore, the first but not the second SLX4 UBZ domain appears to be required for ICL repair, demonstrating the important of correctly localising SLX4 for DNA repair. In the final chapter, I present preliminary data which suggests that SLX4 is regulated in an unusual manner in during S-phase of the cell cycle, and that SLX4 interacts with the PLK1 kinase in a phosphorylation-dependent manner.

Orientador: Carmen Silvia Bertuzzo / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-07T00:23:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Amstalden_LucilaGobby_M.pdf: 4346952 bytes, checksum: 99d5f1ab2aae2aeb65d633016bc318a8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: A Anemia de Fanconi (AF) é uma doença caracterizada por múltiplas anomalias congênitas, progressiva falha da medula óssea e alto risco para desenvolvimento de câncer. E denominada também de Síndrome da Instabilidade Cromossômica devido ao fato de suas células apresentarem hipersensibilidade a agentes indutores de quebras cromossômicas. A mais importante das características clínicas é a manifestação hematológica. A incidência da anemia aplástíca, Síndrome Mieloplásica e Leucemia Mielóide Aguda é a maior resposável pela morbidade e mortalidade na AF A incidência da AF em todo o mundo é de. aproximadamente, 3 por milhão. No Brasil não há dados sobre a prevalência da doença. Foram descobertos 12 grupos de complementação e descobertos, até o momento. 11 genes relacionados ao distúrbio. São eles: FANCA. B, C, Dl, D2, E. F G, I, J, L e M. O trabalho teve como objetivo geral a análise das mutações principais (IVS8+2A>G, IVS11+lOC, IVS3+1G>C e 1794J803dellO) do gene FANCG em pacientes com quadro clínico compatível com AF. Foram analisados 38 indivíduos por meio da técnica de PCR associada à digestão e triagem por SSCP e subseqüente seqüenciamento. Nós encontramos um homozigoto para a mutação IVS8+2A>G e uma variante neutra (H482H). Concluímos com nosso estudo que, há uma heterogeneidade molecular em nosso meio; o DEB teste não é 100% eficaz na detecção de indivíduos com AF; o Teste de Complementação deve ser introduzido o quanto antes em nosso país para auxiliar no direcionamento da pesquisa para um determinado gene e minimizar os casos em que não há a confirmação de diagnóstico e, por último, há a necessidade de um Registro Brasileiro para AF com o objetivo de recolher informações clinicas e genéticas de indivíduos com o distúrbio. / Abstract: Fanconi anaemia (FA) is an autosomal recessive disease characterised by congenital abnormalities, progressive bone marrow failure and high risk of developing cancer. It's called Chromosomal Instability Syndrome due to the fact of cells presents hipersensibility to DNA cross-linking agents like mitomycin C and diepoxybutane. The most important clinical feature is hematologic. The incidence of aplastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloide leukaemia is the most important cause of morbidity and mortality in FA. The incidence of FA is approximately three per million and the heterozygote frequency is estimated at 1 in 300 in Europe and United States. In Brazil there's not data about prevalence of FA. It was discovered at least 12 complementation groups and eleven gene have been cloned: FANCA, B, C, DJ, D2, E, F, G, I, J, L eM. The study had as general objective the analysis of the main mutation (IVS8-2A>G, TVSll+lOC, IVS3+1G>C e 1794J803dell0) of FANCG gene in patients with clinical features of FA. It was analysed 38 patients through the test polymerase chain reaction (PCR) associated with digestion and mutation screening by SSCP with posterior sequencing. Molecular analysis found a homozygote to rVS8+2A>G and a neutral variant (H482H). We concluded that there's a molecular heterogeneity in our region; it's necessary to introduce the use of complementary tests in Brazil, in order to address the molecular analysis and at last, it's necessary a Brazilian Fanconi Anemia Registry (BFAR) to receive clinical and genetics information of AF patients. / Mestrado / Ciencias Biomedicas / Mestre em Ciências Médicas