Структура магистерской диссертации включает в себя введение, три главы, заключение, список использованных источников и приложения. В первой главе работы обобщены различные научные подходы к категории «финансовые результаты», а также обусловлена их роль и значение в деятельности предприятий. На теоретическом уровне сформулированы и охарактеризованы методы оценки финансовых результатов, а также классифицированы факторы, оказывающие влияние на динамику финансовых результатов хозяйствующих субъектов. Во второй главе работы представлена финансово-экономическая характеристика ООО «Интернет решения». Также проведена оценка финансовых результатов ООО «Интернет решения», по результатам которой формулированы ключевые проблемы повышения финансовой эффективности деятельности ООО «Интернет решения». В третьей главе работы сформулированы конкретные мероприятия, которые будут способствовать росту показателей финансовых результатов ООО «Интернет решения» и проведена оценка их эффективности, подтверждающая практическую значимость проведенного исследования. / The structure of the master's thesis includes an introduction, three chapters, conclusion, list of references and appendices. The first chapter of the work summarizes various scientific approaches to the category of "financial results", as well as their role and importance in the activities of enterprises. At the theoretical level, methods for evaluating financial results are formulated and characterized, and factors that influence the dynamics of financial results of economic entities are classified. The second chapter of the work presents the financial and economic characteristics of Internet Solutions LLC. An assessment of the financial results of Internet Solutions LLC was also carried out, based on the results of which the key problems of improving the financial efficiency of Internet Solutions LLC were formulated. In the third chapter of the work, specific measures are formulated that will contribute to the growth of the financial results of Internet Solutions LLC and an assessment of their effectiveness is carried out, confirming the practical significance of of the study.

The purpose of the study is to improve the accounting and analytical methods for the formation of indicators of the financial results of an industrial enterprise used in various forms of reporting. The scientific novelty of the research consists in summarizing the scientific and theoretical material on the methods used for various purposes to form the financial results of an industrial enterprise and to develop recommendations for improving the relevant accounting and analytical procedures. The practical significance of this work can be determined from the point of view of developing recommendations for improving the performance of UC RUSAL and the possibility for analysts to use the proposed improvements in the methods of analyzing the financial performance of an industrial enterprise in the interaction of retrospective and strategic analysis. Three provisions of scientific novelty presented in the master's thesis. 1. Components are structured and systematized that form the financial results of an industrial enterprise for the purpose of raising the information content of management accounting data used in the preparation of financial statements. An algorithm has been developed to streamline accounting information on revenues in the budgeting system in order to correctly transfer data for the preparation of financial statements under RAS and IFRS. 2. The methods for analyzing the direct material and labor costs of an enterprise have been improved for the purpose of increasing the control function of budgeting and speed of data transfer in the preparation of financial statements. 3. The interrelation of the retrospective (standard) analysis of financial results and indicators used for strategic planning (SWOT-analysis), allowing to increase the efficiency of enterprise finance management, is revealed. / Цель исследования - совершенствование учетно-аналитических методов формирования показателей о финансовых результатах промышленного предприятия, используемых в разных формах отчетности. Научная новизна исследования состоит в обобщении научно-теоретического материала о применяемых для различных целей методов формирования финансовых результатов промышленного предприятия и разработке рекомендаций по совершенствованию соответствующих учетно-аналитических процедур. Практическая значимость данной работы может быть определена с точки зрения разработки рекомендаций по повышению эффективности деятельности ОК РУСАЛ и возможности для аналитиков использовать, предложенные усовершенствования методов анализа финансовых результатов деятельности промышленного предприятия во взаимодействии ретроспективного и стратегического анализа. Три положения научной новизны, представленные в магистерской диссертации. 1.Структурированы и систематизированы компоненты, формирующие финансовые результаты деятельности промышленного предприятия для целей повышения информативности данных управленческого учета, используемых при составлении финансовой отчетности. Разработан алгоритм, позволяющий упорядочить учетную информацию о доходах, в системе бюджетирования с целью корректной передачи данных для составления финансовой отчетности по РСБУ и МСФО. 2. Усовершенствованы методы анализа прямых материальных и трудовых затрат предприятия для целей повышения контрольной функции бюджетирования и оперативности передачи данных при составлении финансовой отчетности. 3. Выявлена взаимосвязь ретроспективного (стандартного) анализа финансовых результатов и показателей, используемых для стратегического планирования (SWOT-анализа), позволяющая повысить эффективность управления финансами предприятия.

Выпускная квалификационная работа (магистерская диссертация) посвящена изучению налогового планирования на предприятии. Предметом исследования выступают экономические отношения по поводу формирования налоговых планов и оптимизации мероприятий на уровне хозяйствующего субъекта. Основной целью магистерской диссертации является на основе изучения теории по сущности и методам налогового планирования, проведения анализа финансовой деятельности, структуры налогов и налоговых платежей разработать мероприятия по устранению пробелов в налоговом планирования на предприятии. / The final qualifying work (master's thesis) is devoted to the study of tax planning in the enterprise. The subject of the research is economic relations regarding the formation of tax plans and the optimization of measures at the level of a business entity. The main purpose of the master's work is based on the study of the theory of the essence and methods of tax planning, analysis of financial activities, tax structure and tax payments in order to develop measures to eliminate gaps in tax planning in the enterprise.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T18:39:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cibele de Paula Deis.pdf: 672256 bytes, checksum: 63dd609334b89d8b2e6b3f76d3f9de9a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-05-23 / PricewaterhouseCoopers Auditores Independentes / The purpose of this study is to analyze the performance of insurance companies operating in auto lines, during the period from 1999 to 2008. Based on the analysis of the combined and broad-based combined ratios, as well as other correlated indices (claims ratio and ratios of selling and administrative expenses), it was possible to ascertain the level of dependence on financial gains required to obtain positive results. The study was limited to insurance companies operating in auto lines, which is Brazil's most popular type of insurance and, in this context, 18 large, medium and small insurance companies were analyzed based on their financial statements. The performance of insurance companies linked to banks, as well as that of the independent companies was examined. The results of the study revealed that, during the period from 1999 to 2008, financial gains contributed from 10.19% to 17.52% to improving the operating efficiency of the insurance companies under analysis and to maintaining, for the whole period, the broad-based combined ratios below 100%. At the same time, the average combined ratios determined varied from 122.91% to 98.33%. Only in 2006 and 2007, did the sample under analysis present operating efficiency. Moreover, the insurance companies presented high operating costs, especially for claims. In a comparison between the bank-linked insurance companies and the independent insurance companies, it was noted that, on average, the selling and administrative expenses of insurance companies which use a bank branch network for distributing their products were lower than those of the independent companies comprising the sample. During the period from 2003 to 2007, the large-sized insurance companies not associated to banks revealed a gradual improvement in operating efficiency, due to the significant decrease in the claims ratio of the portfolio and a partial reduction in administrative expenses. Considering that competition is expected to become even tougher, it follows that the insurance companies will need to focus on reducing costs and improving their operating controls in order to reduce their dependence on financial results and promote the continuity of their business / O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar o desempenho operacional de seguradoras que operam no ramo de Automóveis, no período de 1999 a 2008. A partir da análise dos índices combinado e combinado ampliado, bem como dos demais índices correlatos (sinistralidade e das despesas de comercialização e administrativa) foi possível verificar o nível de dependência dos ganhos financeiros para obtenção de resultados positivos. A pesquisa foi limitada às seguradoras que atuam no ramo de Automóveis, que é o seguro mais popular no país, e, nesse contexto, foram estudadas as 18 maiores seguradoras de grande, médio e pequeno porte, tomando por base as demonstrações contábeis. Verificou-se, também, o desempenho das seguradoras ligadas a Bancos e as Independentes. Os resultados da pesquisa evidenciaram que no período de 1999 a 2008, os ganhos financeiros contribuíram de 10,19% a 17,52% para melhoria da eficiência operacional das seguradoras estudadas e, fazendo com que durante todo o período os índices combinados ampliados ficassem inferiores a 100%. Por sua vez, os índices combinados médios apurados variaram de 122,91% a 98,33%. A amostra estudada apresentou eficiência operacional, somente em relação aos exercícios de 2006 e 2007. Além disso, as seguradoras apresentaram elevados custos operacionais, especialmente, com sinistros. Na comparação das seguradoras ligadas a Bancos e independentes, observou-se que, na média, as despesas de comercialização e administrativas das seguradoras que utilizam a rede de agência dos Bancos para distribuição de seus produtos foram inferiores as demais. No período de 2003 a 2007, as seguradoras de grande porte não ligadas a Bancos mostraram uma melhoria gradual na eficiência operacional, devido à redução significativa da sinistralidade da carteira e parcialmente das despesas administrativas. Considerando que a concorrência tende a continuar ser cada vez mais acirrada, conclui-se que as seguradoras necessitam focar na redução dos custos e controles operacionais, a fim de reduzir sua dependência dos resultados financeiros e a continuidade do seu negócio

[pt] A Orientação Empreendedora (OE) reflete a propensão de uma empresa a se engajar em comportamentos inovadores, proativos e de correr riscos para atingir seus objetivos. Em um contexto cada vez mais competitivo e globalizado, este campo foi se consolidando como um dos mais férteis na literatura de gestão estratégica, atraindo o interesse de pesquisadores dispostos a investigar como as empresas devem explorar essa postura empreendedora para aprimorar seu desempenho. Dentro deste contexto, um recurso relevante para PMEs, é a utilização da rede de relacionamentos (network) criada em volta da empresa para aprimorar seus negócios. Em vista disso, a presente pesquisa se propôs a analisar empiricamente o impacto da orientação empreendedora no desempenho financeiro e operacional de pequenas empresas, avaliando também a moderação do network de negócios nessa relação. Para tanto, foram coletados dados de 155 pequenas empresas do Rio de Janeiro cadastradas no SEBRAE/RJ, para posterior análise através do método de regressão hierárquica. Os resultados do estudo demonstraram que a orientação empreendedora contribui para melhorias tanto no desempenho financeiro quanto no operacional. Além disso, verificou-se que o network de negócios não exerceu papel moderador em nenhuma dessas duas relações. Com base nestes achados, contribuições acadêmicas e implicações gerenciais foram elaboradas, assim como limitações e sugestões para pesquisas futuras. / [en] The Entrepreneurial Orientation (OE) reflects a company s propensity to engage in innovative, proactive behaviors and to take risks in order to achieve its goals. In an increasingly competitive and globalized context, this field has been consolidated as one of the most fertile in the strategic management literature, attracting the interest of researchers willing to investigate how companies should explore this entrepreneurial stance to improve their desempenho. Within this context, a relevant resource for SMEs is the use of the network created around the company to improve their business. In view of this, the present research proposed to empirically analyze the impact of entrepreneurial orientation on the financial and operational desempenho of small companies, also evaluating the moderation of the business network in this relationship. For this purpose, data were collected from 155 small companies in Rio de Janeiro registered in SEBRAE, for further analysis using the hierarchical regression method. The results of the study demonstrated that entrepreneurial orientation contributes to improvements in both financial and operational desempenho. In addition, it was found that the business network did not play a moderating role in either of these two relationships. Based on these findings, academic contributions and managerial implications were elaborated, as well as limitations and suggestions for future research.

В российской современной экономической теории существует большое количество разнообразных мнений по определению дефиниции «финансовый результат». Некоторые из них похожи, какие-то отличаются. Все это связано с многогранностью исследуемой категории. Но считаем, что в системе бухгалтерского учета категории «доходы», расходы» и «финансовый результат» в российской системе бухгалтерского учета увязаны четко: финансовый результат определяется как разница между доходами и расходами экономического субъекта. Для коммерческих организаций предлагается детализировать информацию по доходам и расходам по обычным видам деятельности по направлениям деятельности. Указанные нововведения в целом позволят выполнить требования ПБУ в отношении раскрытия информации в бухгалтерской (финансовой) отчетности организаций. Предлагаемый учетный регистр, разработанный по результатам анализа на основе структурированного рабочего планов счетов по учету доходов и расходов по обычным видам деятельности, наш взгляд, улучшит качество учетно-аналитической работы, позволит повысить обоснованность принимаемых управленческих решений, эффективность деятельности организации в целом. / In Russian modern economic theory, there are many different opinions on the definition of "financial result". Some of them are similar, some are different. All this is due to the versatility of the category under study. But we believe that in the accounting system of the category "income", "expenses" and "financial result" in the Russian accounting system are clearly linked: the financial result is defined as the difference between income and expenses of an economic entity. For commercial organizations, it is proposed to detail information on income and expenses for ordinary activities in the areas of activity. These innovations will generally meet the requirements of the PBU in relation to the disclosure of information in the accounting (financial) statements of organizations. The proposed accounting register, developed on the basis of the results of the analysis on the basis of structured working plans of accounts for the accounting of income and expenses for ordinary activities, in our opinion, will improve the quality of accounting and analytical work, will improve the validity of management decisions, the effectiveness of the organization as a whole.

На современном этапе автомобилестроение является одной из важнейших отраслей в промышленности как развитых, так и развивающихся стран. Для России и Китая данная отрасль также является одной из существенных отраслей промышленности. Цель исследования – сравнение учетно-аналитических методов формирования показателей деятельности промышленных предприятий России и Китая. Объект исследования – предприятия автомобильной промышленности России и Китая. Предмет исследования – учетно-аналитические методы формирования показателей предприятий России и Китая. Научная новизна исследований, проведенных в данной магистерской диссертации, заключается в следующем: на основе обзора учетно-аналитических методов формирования показателей о финансовых результатах предприятий и сравнительного анализа развития России и Китая выявлена роль анализа финансовых результатов в выявлении резервов повышения эффективности их деятельности; на основе анализа финансовой отчетности двух стран выявлены различия в содержании между китайскими и российскими стандартами бухгалтерского учета проведено использование учетно-аналитических методов формирования показателей деятельности предприятий автомобильной промышленности России и Китая на основе анализа их деятельности. / At the present stage, the automotive industry is one of the most important industries in both developed and developing countries. For Russia and China, this industry is also one of the essential industries. The purpose of the study is to compare accounting and analytical methods for the formation of performance indicators of industrial enterprises in Russia and China. The object of the study is the enterprises of the automotive industry of Russia and China. The subject of the study is accounting and analytical methods for the formation of indicators of enterprises in Russia and China. The scientific novelty of the research conducted in this master's thesis is as follows: based on a review of accounting and analytical methods for the formation of indicators on the financial results of enterprises and a comparative analysis of the development of Russia and China, the role of financial results analysis in identifying reserves for improving the efficiency of their activities is revealed; based on the analysis of the financial statements of the two countries, differences in content between Chinese and Russian accounting standards were revealed, accounting and analytical methods for the formation of performance indicators of the automotive industry enterprises of Russia and China were used based on the analysis of their activities.

Магистерская диссертация посвящена исследованию детерминант прибыльности российских коммерческих банков. В работе раскрывается теоретическое содержание понятия «финансовый результат», определение порядка его формирования; проводится анализ прибыльности банков на основе методики Банка России; проводится корреляционно-регрессионный анализ, и выявляются факторы, влияющие на показатель прибыльности. В качестве научной новизны предложен авторский подход к систематизации внутренних и внешних детерминант прибыльности коммерческих банков; проведен эконометрический анализ зависимости прибыльности банков от внутрибанковских и макроэкономических факторов. / The master's thesis is devoted to the study of the determinants of profitability of Russian commercial banks. The paper reveals the theoretical content of the concept of "financial result", the definition of the order of its formation; an analysis of the profitability of banks based on the methodology of the Bank of Russia is carried out; correlation and regression analysis is carried out, and factors affecting the profitability indicator are identified. As a scientific novelty, the author's approach to the systematization of internal and external determinants of commercial banks' profitability is proposed; an econometric analysis of the dependence of banks' profitability on intrabank and macroeconomic factors is carried out.

[pt] Essa pesquisa tem como objetivo estudar o quanto o desempenho de inovação de uma empresa, influenciado por atividades tecnológicas, habilidade da mão de obra e ligações externas, afeta o seu desempenho financeiro, considerando os impactos da inovação sobre o custo e o mercado. Para isso, o estudo utilizou pesquisas com empresas colombianas de serviço, incluindo o comércio, realizadas pelo Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estatística (DANE) da Colômbia. Após o tratamento dos dados, restaram 238 empresas que responderam as pesquisas efetuadas no período entre 2012 e 2016. Para a utilização da base, um modelo de medidas foi desenvolvido, com o objetivo de validar as variáveis que representam cada construto. Em seguida, um modelo estrutural teórico e algumas hipóteses foram propostas e os testes foram realizados de forma quantitativa, utilizando a técnica multivariada conhecida como modelagem de equações estruturais (SEM). A pesquisa demonstrou que tanto atividades tecnológicas como habilidade da mão de obra e ligações externas possuem uma relação positiva com o desempenho da inovação. A inovação também impacta de maneira positiva aspectos relacionados ao mercado, porém, ao contrário do que era esperado, não influencia em questões que afetam o custo. Por fim, tantos os impactos no mercado como no custo se relacionam diretamente e de maneira positiva ao desempenho financeiro das empresas, como previsto no modelo. Assim, os resultados dessa pesquisa sugerem que, para empresas de serviço melhorarem financeiramente a partir de inovação, deve-se primeiramente investir em atividades tecnológicas, em habilidade da mão de obra e fortalecer laços com atores externos, impactando fatores relacionados ao mercado, através do melhor desempenho da inovação. / [en] This research aims to study how much a company s innovation performance, influenced by technological activities, skill of the workforce and external links, affects its financial performance, considering the impacts of innovation on cost and market. For this, the study used surveys with Colombian service companies, including commerce, carried out by the Colombia s National Administrative Department of Statistics. After the data treatment, there were 238 companies left that answered the surveys carried out in the period between 2012 and 2016. For the use of the database, a measurement model was developed with the purpose of validating the variables that represent each construct. Then, a theoretical structural model and some hypotheses were proposed and the tests were performed quantitatively using the multivariate technique known as Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Research has shown that technological activities, skill of the workforce and external links have a positive relationship with innovation performance. Innovation also has a positive impact on market-related issues, but, contrary to expectations, it does not influence issues that affect cost. Finally, both market and cost impacts are directly and positively related to the financial performance of companies, as predicted in the model. Thus, the results of this research suggest that, for service companies to improve financially from innovation, it is necessary to invest first in technological activities, skill of the workforce and strengthen ties with external actors, impacting market-related factors through improved innovation performance.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T18:40:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Elisa Helms.pdf: 732740 bytes, checksum: 0fac7177b56f9d908b25d8d3e5679362 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-06-28 / The companies, independently of their decisions, suffer the effect of foreign exchange variations, which have greater or minor intensity, depending on the financial leverage level in foreign currency, reflecting directly in its economical performance. The process of economic globalization, that has also stimulated the growth of the Brazilian stock market, has intensified the demand for information, with increasing necessity of accuracy and transparency of the financial figures, used for the assessment of companies performance. In this evaluation the financial result plays a very important role and it is in this context that foreign exchange variations have expressive importance. Thus, both interest expenses and interest income derived from foreign exchange variations should always be clearly segregated so that they can be treated appropriately to avoid inaccurate assessments from foreign analysts, who are not used to handling such strong and sharp exchange rate instabilities. This work presents the analysis of a research based on the financial figures of listed, high leveraged Brazilian companies, engaged in the production of pulp & paper, steel and energy utilities, related to the period from 2001 up to 2006, years in which the exchange rate showed significant instability. The results of the research indicate discrepancies, not only in the way interest income and expenses are presented in the Income Statement but also their presentation and content in the Explanatory Notes, showing the necessity of more uniformity and transparency in the accounting related to the financial interest and income derived from foreign exchange variations, despite the efforts of the legislator and the regulator entities to define disclosure procedures. This is due more to the fact that not all rules are mandatory being much more a question of ethics and corporate responsibility / As empresas, independentemente das decisões que tomam, estão sujeitas aos efeitos das oscilações cambiais, cuja maior ou menor intensidade, que depende do grau de alavancagem financeira em moeda estrangeira, reflete-se diretamente no seu desempenho econômico. Na esteira do processo de globalização econômica, que impulsionou também o crescimento do mercado de capitais brasileiro, a informação contábil tem sua demanda intensificada, com necessidade crescente de precisão e transparência das demonstrações contábeis, base para a análise da performance das companhias. Nessa análise, o resultado financeiro desempenha papel fundamental, e é nesse contexto que as variações cambiais têm expressiva importância. Assim, tanto as despesas como as receitas financeiras decorrentes das oscilações cambiais devem ser sempre claramente segregadas para que possam ser tratadas devidamente e não haja uma avaliação incorreta da empresa, inclusive por analistas strangeiros, que não vivenciam ambientes sujeitos a fortes e/ou bruscas oscilações cambiais. Esta dissertação apresenta o resultado de uma pesquisa qualitativa, feita mediante levantamento com base nas demonstrações contábeis de empresas de capital aberto com expressivos índices de imobilização de recursos. Para compor a amostra foram utilizadas empresas dos setores de papel e celulose, siderurgia e energia, abrangendo as demonstrações contábeis relativas aos períodos de 2001 a 2006 nos quais se observam oscilações cambiais expressivas. Os resultados apontam que há discrepâncias, tanto quanto à apresentação dos Resultados Financeiros na Demonstração do Resultado do Exercício, como na apresentação e conteúdo das Notas Explicativas, evidenciando que há necessidade de mais transparência e uniformização contábil nas demonstrações financeiras, em que pese o legislador e os órgãos de regulamentação terem empreendido esforços no sentido de definir as informações que devem constar nas demonstrações contábeis. Isto se deve, em parte, a que nem todas as orientações têm caráter de obrigatoriedade, tornando-se mais uma questão de ética e responsabilidade corporativa