Global ETD Search

1	The Perception of Objects with Multiple Affordances Ye, Lin 08 December 2006 (has links) No description available. Psychology, Experimental Affordance function fixedness action-related properties perception
2	Establishing Predictors of Insight Problem Solving In Children: Age, Not Cognitive Control or Socioeconomic Status, Determines Immunity to Functional Fixedness Ershadi, Mahsa January 2021 (has links) Thesis advisor: Ellen Winner / Cognitive control, the ability to limit attention to goal-relevant information, subserves higher-order cognitive functions such as reasoning, attention, planning and organization. Counterintuitively, deficits in these functions have proven advantageous in certain contexts: low cognitive control means less filtering of attention, and such unfiltered attention leads to novel solutions in insight problem solving contexts. Insight is the clear and often sudden discernment of a solution to a problem by means that are not obvious, and it plays an indispensable role in creative thinking. This study examined whether insight problem solving is a compensatory advantage for children of low socioeconomic status because of their known deficits in cognitive control. One hundred and forty-eight children ages 4 to 11 years old, each completed two insight problem solving tasks (the Box Problem and the Pencil Problem) and a cognitive control task (the Flanker/Reverse Flanker). In addition, their parents completed a sociodemographic questionnaire, which was used as a measure of their socioeconomic status and child rearing values of obedience versus independence. No association was found between children’s socioeconomic status and their ability to use insight to solve a problem. Results did show that older children exhibited less cognitive flexibility than did to younger children, and that diminished cognitive flexibility correlated with older children’s ability to solve the Box Problem; however, this effect did not hold when age, sex, race, socioeconomic status, and parental report of obedience versus independence, were accounted for. Ultimately, age was the only significant predictor of children’s insight problem solving ability, such that older children were significantly more likely to solve the Box Problem and to arrive at a solution more quickly for the Pencil Problem compared to younger children. Findings from this study are explained using evidence from research on children’s tool innovation showing that young children are poor at inventing tools, and that older children’s ability to use objects for atypical functions may be the result of their greater exposure to and experience with tools. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2021. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Psychology. cognitive control executive functions functional fixedness insight problem solving socioeconomic status
3	Les expressions figées en arabe et en français dans une perspective traductologique / Fixed expressions in Arabic and French in a translatological perspective Kajo, Koussay 27 June 2019 (has links) L’expression figée représente une entité problématique aussi bien au niveau notionnel et phraséologique qu’au niveau traductologique. La présente étude, qui porte sur le français et sa traduction en arabe, a pour objectif de mieux définir cette entité en essayant d’en tracer les limites et d’en identifier les caractéristiques inhérentes.Ainsi, dans un premier temps, nous abordons la question de deux points de vue, sémanticosyntaxique et cognitif, tout en soumettant les axiomes de base de nos définitions à un examen approfondi pour en vérifier la pertinence. Puis, nous tentons de proposer, au vu des résultats obtenus, une définition pertinente autant que faire se peut.Nous traitons ensuite du figement sous un angle traductologique, en nous fixant comme objectif d’élaborer une méthode de traduction des expressions figées œuvrant sur les deux niveaux sémantique et stylistique, méthode qui pourrait servir de support éclaircissant les points capitaux à prendre en considération dans l’opération traduisante et tiendrait compte des inconvénients et défauts qui peuvent s’y manifester. / Fixed expressions are a problematic entity at both levels: at notional-phraseological level and at translatological level. The purpose of this study, which focuses on French and its translation into Arabic, is to delimit this entity by attempting to delimit its boundaries and to attribute to its inherent defining characteristics.Thus, at first, we approach the question from two points of view, semantico-syntactical and cognitive while subjecting the basic axioms of our definitions to an in-depth examination in order to verify its relevance.Then, we will deal with set expressions from a translatological point of view, with the aim of developing a method of translating fixed expressions working on both semantic and stylistic levels.This method could serve as a support clarifying the crucial points to be taken into consideration in the translating operation and would take into account the disadvantages and defects that can be manifested therein. Arabe Français Traduction Figement Expression figée Actualisation Opacité Blocage Arabic French Translation Fixedness Fixed expression Actualization Opacity Blockage 492.738 443.02
4	Tableaux for the Future Curcio, Sally 28 October 2022 (has links) My sculptural installations aim to elicit a sense of optimism and possibility through form, color, and mode of display. The work subverts the symbolic order by repurposing everyday forms and objects, allowing us to see the familiar as new, and thereby awakening us to what may be possible to formulate a better, more beautiful, more universally connected order. future worlds optimistic worlds symbolic order functional fixedness miniature worlds sculptural cities Art and Design Art Practice Fine Arts Sculpture
5	La question du figement dans les syntagmes prépositionnels sans déterminant de l’anglais et du français / The question of fixedness in French and English determinerless prepositional phrases Violet, Alice 04 December 2014 (has links) Bien que les travaux existants aient montré que les noms sans déterminant étaient particulièrement fréquents dans les syntagmes prépositionnels, les mécanismes régissant leur emploi dans les SP demeurent assez mal connus. Cette thèse présente les résultats d’une étude de corpus synchronique portant sur certains SP spatio-temporels sans déterminant de l’anglais et du français. Nous montrons que ces SP sont extrêmement hétérogènes sur le plan syntaxique, lexical, sémantique et pragmatique ; ils s’inscrivent sur un gradient allant d’expressions pleinement figées et opaques à des séquences transparentes, modifiables et productives. Nos données n’étayent pas l’hypothèse d’un phénomène unifié et strictement grammatical. Cependant, ces SP ne peuvent être simplement considérés comme une collection d’anomalies sans rapport les unes avec les autres ; certains d’entre eux appartiennent à des groupements productifs dans lesquels la syntaxe marquée va de pair avec un sens marqué. Les différences entre les SP anglais et français peuvent tenir soit à la productivité des groupements, soit à leurs caractéristiques sémantiques et/ou pragmatiques, qui reflètent la place et la saillance des noms sans déterminant dans les deux langues. Ce travail montre que l’application de l’analyse constructionnelle à ces SP éclaire leur intégration dans le système linguistique tout en permettant une typologie fine ; il suggère que des interactions plus importantes entre phraséologie et grammaire des constructions seraient particulièrement intéressantes pour l’étude des « moules » phraséologiques et des expressions polylexicales syntaxiquement marquées. / Although previous research has shown that bare nouns are particularly frequent in prepositional phrases, the mechanisms underlying their use in PPs remain a relatively understudied topic. This thesis presents the results of a synchronic, corpus-based analysis of several groups of English and French spatio-temporal PPs. The case studies show that determinerless PPs are syntactically, lexically, semantically and pragmatically highly heterogeneous, ranging from fully fixed, opaque expressions to transparent, modifiable and productive sequences. The corpus data does not support the hypothesis of a unified, strictly grammatical phenomenon. However, these PPs cannot be explained away as a mere collection of unrelated anomalies; some of them cluster into productive sub-groupings in which marked syntax correlates with marked meaning. The differences between the French and English PPs can pertain either to the productivity of the groupings, or to their semantic and/or pragmatic properties. In the latter case, the contrasts reflect the place and salience of bare noun constructions in each language. The application of constructional analysis to the PPs is shown to be an illuminating way of accounting for their integration into the linguistic system whilst allowing for a fine-grained typology. This thesis argues that a greater interaction between phraseology and construction grammar would be of particular interest for the study of phraseological “patterns” and syntactically marked multi-word constructs. Syntagmes prépositionnels Nom sans déterminant Phraséologie Grammaire des constructions Critères de figement Polysémie prépositionnelle Expressions spatio-Temporelles Prepositional phrase Bare noun Phraseology Construction grammar Fixedness criteria Prepositional polysemy Spatial and temporal expressions
6	Critères de figement : L’identification des expressions figées en français contemporain Svensson, Maria Helena January 2004 (has links) Although there are units larger than the word in language, linguists have not been able to agree on a definition of these units. This study examines a variety of notions, relevant in the study of ”fixed” or ”frozen” expressions in contemporary French. Criteria such as memorization, unique context, non-compositionality, marked syntax, lexical blocking and grammatical blocking are analyzed in detail. A closer look at them reveals that in fact only one of them, lexical blocking, is both necessary and sufficient in the description of a fixed expression. The other criteria are, however, also important to the notion of ”fixedness”. It may well be that the criteria that have often been proposed in linguistic literature would benefit from being organized in a family resemblance rather than being used as necessary and sufficient conditions. French language memorization unique context compositionality non-compositionality marked syntax lexical blocking grammatical blocking fixedness frozenness literal meaning figurative meaning motivation non-motivation transparency opacity analyzability unanalyzability idiom proverb collocation metaphor phraseology mémorisation contexte unique compositionnalité non-compositionnalité syntaxe marquée blocage lexical blocage grammatical figement défigement sens propre sens figuré motivation non-motivation transparance opacité analysabilité inanalysabilité idiome proverbe collocation phrasème gallicisme locution métaphore Franska French language Franska språket

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