Traits are primitive units of code reuse that serve as building blocks of classes. In this research, we enhance reuse by extending the capabilities of traits; in particular, we add modeling abstractions to them. Traits have a variety of benefits, including facilitating reuse and separation of concerns. They have appeared in several programming languages, particularly derivatives of Smalltalk. However, there is still no support for traits that contain modeling abstractions, and no straightforward support for them in general-purpose programming languages. The latter is due to structural concerns that exist for them at runtime, especially traits that contain modeling abstractions. Model-driven technologies are making inroads into the development community, albeit slowly. Modeling abstractions such as state machines and associations provide new opportunities for reuse, and can be combined with inheritance for even greater reusability. However, issues with inheritance apply also when these new abstractions are inheritable units. This suggests that traits and models ought to be able to be synergistically combined. We perform a comprehensive analysis of using modeling elements in traits. We implement such traits in Umple, which is a model-oriented programming language that permits embedding of programming concepts into models. The contributions of the thesis are: a) Adding new elements including state machines and associations into traits, hence bringing more reusability, modularity, and applications to traits; b) Developing an algorithm that allows reusing, extending, and composing state machines through traits; c) Extending traits with required interfaces so dependencies at the semantic level become part of their usage, rather than simple syntactic capture; d) Adding template parameters with associations in traits, offering new applications for traits in which it is possible to define design patterns and to have a library of most-used functionality; e) The implementation of all the above concepts, including generating code in multiple general-purpose programming languages through automatic model transformation.

Cold pilgering is a challenging tube forming process in terms of modeling due to the complexity in kinematic of tools, friction condition and material behavior. The process development has mostly been based on simple formulas and costly full-scale tryouts. The aim in this study is to develop validated Finite element models of cold pilgering to increase the understanding of influence of the process parameters on the produced tubes. In the course of this thesis, three-dimensional mechanical and thermo-mechanical Finite element models of cold pilgering were developed. The commercial code MSC.Marc was used in the simulations. General 3D models are needed to be able to capture asymmetric deformation in cold pilgering. It was found that tool deflections together with elastic deformation of roll dies have considerable influence on the rolling force. Furthermore, the strain rate and temperature effects on the response of the material and thereby on the rolling force were evaluated.

The techniques of surface deformation and mapping are useful tools for the visualization of medical surfaces, especially for highly undulated or branched surfaces. In this thesis, two algorithms are presented for flattened visualizations of multi-branched medical surfaces, such as vessels. The first algorithm is an angle preserving approach, which is based on conformal analysis. The mapping function is obtained by minimizing two Dirichlet functionals. On a triangulated representation of vessel surfaces, this algorithm can be implemented efficiently using a finite element method. The second algorithm adjusts the result from conformal mapping to produce a flattened representation of the original surface while preserving areas. It employs the theory of optimal mass transport via a gradient descent approach. A new class of image morphing algorithms is also considered based on the theory of optimal mass transport. The mass moving energy functional is revised by adding an intensity penalizing term, in order to reduce the undesired "fading" effects. It is a parameter free approach. This technique has been applied on several natural and medical images to generate in-between image sequences.

The purpose of this thesis was to evaluate and compare the peripheral dose associated with VMAT lung SABR treatments for 10X, 6X, and 10X-FFF beams. Flattening Filter Free (FFF) radiotherapy photon beams exhibit high dose rates as compared to standard flattened photon beams. The high dose rates available with FFF beams make them ideal for high dose treatments, such as Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT)-delivery lung Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy (SABR), where treatment delivery is longer than that of standard treatments. They are also known to show reductions in treatment head scatter, multi-leaf collimator (MLC) transmission and treatment head leakage radiation, compared to flattened beams. The use of FFF beams for VMAT lung SABR has been shown to significantly reduce treatment delivery time, while maintaining plan quality and accuracy. Another potential advantage of the use of FFF beams for VMAT lung SABR is the reduction in peripheral (out-of-field) dose, due mainly to the reduction in head scatter and treatment head leakage. The peripheral doses delivered by VMAT Lung SABR treatments using 10X-FFF, 10X and 6X were investigated for the Varian TrueBeam medical linear accelerator. There were three components to this investigation; (1) Ion chamber measurement of peripheral dose for static open, static MLC and dynamic MLC fields, (2) Validation of Monte Carlo, Acuros XB and AAA algorithms for peripheral dose prediction, and (3) Evaluation of peripheral doses for VMAT lung SABR treatments using the validated Monte Carlo model. Measurements of out-of field doses for static open, static MLC and dynamic MLC fields showed that 10X-FFF delivered peripheral doses in the range of 30% to 50%, 3% to 40% and 5% to 20% lower than the peripheral doses for flattened beams. Dose calculation algorithm validation showed that AAA and Acuros XB significantly under predicted the dose in the peripheral region. Monte Carlo was found to be the most accurate dose calculation algorithm for peripheral dose prediction. The VMAT lung SABR dose distributions were calculated for both static gantry delivery and arc delivery using the validated Monte Carlo model. For static gantry Monte Carlo simulation, 10X-FFF was found to show a reduction in peripheral dose in the range of 7% to 21% and 7% to 17% when compared to 6X and 10X. For arc delivery Monte Carlo simulation, 10X-FFF was found to deliver a statistically significant reduction in mean peripheral dose compared to 6X in four of the six cases, and was not found to deliver a statistically significant reduction in mean peripheral dose compared to 10X in any of the six cases. For this type of VMAT lung SABR treatment, 10X-FFF offers a reduction in peripheral dose over 6X. In terms of the benefits of using 10X-FFF for this type of treatment, the reduction in peripheral dose is added to the already-established reduction in treatment times. / Graduate / 0756 / 0574

Cette étude réalisée dans le cadre du procédé SPS (Suspension Plasma Spraying) a pour but de mieux appréhender les mécanismes de formation des lamelles résultant de l'impact de particules submicroniques par une approche adimensionnelle. Cette approche repose sur la diminution de la vitesse d'impact à l'échelle micrométrique (40 µm) pour se rapprocher des conditions d'impact des particules sub-microniques (300 nm). Un banc dédié permet d'étudier la dynamique d'étalement de gouttes micrométriques. Cette étude comprend - une étude expérimentale de l'étalement de gouttes isolées durant le procédé, - une approche adimensionnelle comparant les comportements à l'étalement de gouttes aux échelles micrométrique et sub-micrométrique, - une étude de la morphologie des lamelles avec la rugosité des substrats. Les résultats acquis permettent de définir une rugosité la mieux adaptée à un étalement maximal des lamelles aux deux échelles de mesure et d'éviter la présence de défauts à l'interface dépôt/substrat. Des essais de tractions sur des dépôts projetés montreront que le profil de rugosité joue un rôle décisif sur l'adhérence des dépôts. / As part of the Suspension Plasma Spraying process (SPS), this study aims at a better understanding of the impact behavior of sub-micrometric droplets. Using a dimensionless approach, the governing mechanisms of splat formation are studied. This approach is based on the velocity decrease of the micrometric droplet (40 µm), in order to be closer to sub-micrometric particle impact conditions. A specific test bench is used to study the dynamic flattening of micrometric droplets. This work includes - an experimental study of the impact of single droplets on a substrate, - a dimensionless approach to compare flattening behaviors of micrometric and sub-micrometric droplets - a study of splat morphology related to the substrate roughness. The results allow to define the substrate roughness for maximum splat flattening for both measuring scales, and to prevent the formation of any defects at the coating / substrate interface.

Cold pilgering is a challenging tube forming process in terms of modeling due to the complexity in kinematic of tools, friction condition and material behavior. The process development has mostly been based on simple formulas and costly full-scale tryouts. The aim in this study is to develop validated Finite element models of cold pilgering to increase the understanding of influence of the process parameters on the produced tubes. In the course of this thesis, three-dimensional mechanical and thermo-mechanical Finite element models of cold pilgering were developed. The commercial code MSC.Marc was used in the simulations. General 3D models are needed to be able to capture asymmetric deformation in cold pilgering. It was found that tool deflections together with elastic deformation of roll dies have considerable influence on the rolling force. Furthermore, the strain rate and temperature effects on the response of the material and thereby on the rolling force were evaluated.

No description available.

No description available.

Submitted by TAÍS ALVES SILVA RIBEIRO (taisalsiri@hotmail.com) on 2018-10-02T18:03:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_certa.pdf: 20657410 bytes, checksum: d693c41e2509cbc2849f995113ce5400 (MD5) / Rejected by Pamella Benevides Gonçalves null (pamella@feg.unesp.br), reason: Solicitamos que realize correções na submissão seguindo as orientações abaixo: • A capa e ficha catalográfica não são consideradas para contagem de páginas. a paginação deve aparecer no canto superior direito a partir da introdução, realizei a contagem das páginas e seu trabalho deve iniciar com o número 15*, após você precisa atualizar a numeração nas listas e no sumário. • Precisa adequar suas referências de acordo com a ABNT 6023 para cada tipo de documento (principalmente artigos de periódicos, artigo publicado em eventos, trabalho acadêmico(tese, dissertações etc), assim, sobre a elaboração das referencias e citações favor solicitar revisão com a bibliotecária Juciene (juciene.pedroso@unesp.br) Mais informações acesse o link: http://www2.feg.unesp.br/Home/Biblioteca21/diretrizes-2016.pdf Agradecemos a compreensão. on 2018-10-02T19:34:08Z (GMT) / Submitted by TAÍS ALVES SILVA RIBEIRO (taisalsiri@hotmail.com) on 2018-10-05T13:09:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertação_correta.pdf: 20638194 bytes, checksum: 4ad859be9baee51c207bfe90cad14bce (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Pamella Benevides Gonçalves null (pamella@feg.unesp.br) on 2018-10-05T19:07:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ribeiro_tas_me_guara.pdf: 20638194 bytes, checksum: 4ad859be9baee51c207bfe90cad14bce (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-05T19:07:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ribeiro_tas_me_guara.pdf: 20638194 bytes, checksum: 4ad859be9baee51c207bfe90cad14bce (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-21 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Ocultações estelares de Chariklo em 2013 revelaram algo que era desconhecido até o momento: anéis de partículas em torno de um corpo celeste do Sistema Solar diferente de um planeta. Este fato despertou o interesse da comunidade científica a respeito de assuntos como, por exemplo, o processo de formação desses anéis, por quanto tempo eles existirão, qual a probabilidade de corpos como o de Chariklo possuírem anéis ou ainda como eles se mantêm estáveis ao redor de um pequeno objeto, se comparado aos planetas. Neste trabalho estamos interessados em determinar o modelo físico de Chariklo através da manutenção da estrutura atual dos anéis. Acreditamos que este centauro é um corpo semelhante a um elipsoide, entretanto não sabemos com exatidão as dimensões de seus semieixos físicos a, b e c. As razões entre os valores destes semieixos resultam em diferentes valores para os termos de achatamento e elipticidade de Chariklo, que podem ser representados pelos termos J 2 e C 22 em seu potencial gravitacional. Além de determinar os limites para a forma de Chariklo, queremos também estudar quais são os efeitos que o achatamento e elipticidade do corpo central provocam na dinâmica das partículas dos anéis. Para isso, fizemos simulações numéricas usando um integrador que leva em conta os termos relacionados aos coeficientes J 2 e C 22 . O sistema que integramos é composto por Chariklo sendo orbitado por uma partícula com aproximadamente a mesma distância em que estão os anéis, fazendo uso dos elementos orbitais osculadores. O objetivo dessas simulações foi reproduzir as características físicas dos anéis obtidas através das ocultações estelares, entretanto apenas conseguimos fazer essa reprodução usando valores de J 2 e C 22 muito pequenos, o que contradiz a hipótese do centauro ter diferenças significativas entre seus semieixos físicos. Para valores maiores de J 2 e C 22 as partículas descrevem órbitas com excentricidades muito altas, gerando uma grande variação no raio orbital. Diante disso, passamos a estudar o sistema fazendo uso dos elementos orbitais geométricos encontrados nos artigos de Borderies; Longaretti (1987), Longaretti; Borderies (1991), Borderies-Rappaport; Longaretti (1994) e Renner; Sicardy (2006). Estes trabalhos mostram que o uso de elementos orbitais osculadores, em simulações de partículas que orbitam corpos que são muito achatados, não é adequada. Assim sendo, utilizamos esses novos elementos em nossas simulações considerando apenas o termo J 2 e o efeito de altas excentricidades, que antes ocorria, foi corrigido. No entanto, ao adicionarmos o termo C 22 , a excentricidade das órbitas das partículas voltou a aumentar significativamente, efeito que havia ocorrido quando usamos elementos osculadores nas simulações considerando o termo J 2 . Então, fazemos uma discussão sobre uma possível forma de diminuir a excentricidade provocada pela elipticidade de Chariklo. Por fim, além do estudo sobre a dinâmica das partículas este trabalho conta com uma análise, usando seções de Poincaré, de uma possível ressonância responsável pela estabilidade dos anéis. / Chariklo’s stellar occultations in 2013 revealed something that was unknown to date: particle rings around a celestial body of the Solar system other than a planet. This fact has aroused the interest of the scientific community on issues such as the process of forming these rings, how long they will exist, how likely Chariklo bodies are to have rings or how stable they are around of a small object, compared to the planets. In this work we are interested in determining Chariklo’s physical model by maintaining the current structure of the rings. We believe that this centaur is a body similar to an ellipsoid, but we do not know exactly the dimensions of its physical axes a, b, and c. The ratios between the values of these semi axes result in different values for the Chariklo flattening and ellipticity terms which can be represented by the terms J2 and C22 in its gravitational potential. In addition to determining the limits for the Chariklo form, we also want to study the effects of flattening and ellipticity on the dynamics of ring particles. For this, we did numerical simulations using an integrator that takes into account the terms related to the coefficients J2 and C22. The system we integrate is composed of Chariklo being orbited by a particle approximately the same distance as the rings, making use of the orbital osculating elements. The objective of these simulations was to reproduce the physical characteristics of the rings obtained through stellar occultations, however we can only do this reproduction using values of J2 and C22 very small, which contradicts the hypothesis of the centaur to have significant differences between their physical semi axis. For values greater than J2 and C22 the particles describe orbits with very high eccentricities, generating a large variation in the orbital radius. Therefore, we proceed to study the system making use of the geometric orbital elements found in the Borderies and Longaretti (1987), Longaretti and Borderies (1991), Borderies-Rappaport and Longaretti (1994) and Renner and Sicardy (2006). These studies show that the use of orbital osculating elements in simulations of particles orbiting bodies that are very flattened is not adequate. Therefore, we use these new elements in our simulations considering only the term J2 and the effect of high eccentricity that before happened was corrected. However, in addition to adding the term C22, an eccentricity of the orbits of the particles has again increased significantly, an effect that has occurred when using osculating elements in the simulations considering the term J2. So we did discuss about a possible way to lessen the eccentricity brought about by Chariklo’s elipticity. Finally, besides the study on the dynamics of the particles, this work has an analysis, using sections of Poincaré, of a possible resonance responsible for the stability of the rings / 2016/03727-7

Submitted by TAÍS ALVES SILVA RIBEIRO (taisalsiri@hotmail.com) on 2018-04-24T12:32:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao.pdf: 20609749 bytes, checksum: a18d083a1bd5b26da4e1633ea672e9fb (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Pamella Benevides Gonçalves null (pamella@feg.unesp.br) on 2018-04-25T14:48:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ribeiro_tas_me_guara.pdf: 20609749 bytes, checksum: a18d083a1bd5b26da4e1633ea672e9fb (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-25T14:48:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ribeiro_tas_me_guara.pdf: 20609749 bytes, checksum: a18d083a1bd5b26da4e1633ea672e9fb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-21 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Ocultações estelares de Chariklo em 2013 revelaram algo que era desconhecido até o momento: anéis de partículas em torno de um corpo celeste do Sistema Solar diferente de um planeta. Este fato despertou o interesse da comunidade científica a respeito de assuntos como, por exemplo, o processo de formação desses anéis, por quanto tempo eles existirão, qual a probabilidade de corpos como o de Chariklo possuírem anéis ou ainda como eles se mantêm estáveis ao redor de um pequeno objeto, se comparado aos planetas. Neste trabalho estamos interessados em determinar o modelo físico de Chariklo através da manutenção da estrutura atual dos anéis. Acreditamos que este centauro é um corpo semelhante a um elipsoide, entretanto não sabemos com exatidão as dimensões de seus semieixos físicos a, b e c. As razões entre os valores destes semieixos resultam em diferentes valores para os termos de achatamento e elipticidade de Chariklo, que podem ser representados pelos termos J 2 e C 22 em seu potencial gravitacional. Além de determinar os limites para a forma de Chariklo, queremos também estudar quais são os efeitos que o achatamento e elipticidade do corpo central provocam na dinâmica das partículas dos anéis. Para isso, fizemos simulações numéricas usando um integrador que leva em conta os termos relacionados aos coeficientes J 2 e C 22 . O sistema que integramos é composto por Chariklo sendo orbitado por uma partícula com aproximadamente a mesma distância em que estão os anéis, fazendo uso dos elementos orbitais osculadores. O objetivo dessas simulações foi reproduzir as características físicas dos anéis obtidas através das ocultações estelares, entretanto apenas conseguimos fazer essa reprodução usando valores de J 2 e C 22 muito pequenos, o que contradiz a hipótese do centauro ter diferenças significativas entre seus semieixos físicos. Para valores maiores de J 2 e C 22 as partículas descrevem órbitas com excentricidades muito altas, gerando uma grande variação no raio orbital. Diante disso, passamos a estudar o sistema fazendo uso dos elementos orbitais geométricos encontrados nos artigos de Borderies; Longaretti (1987), Longaretti; Borderies (1991), Borderies-Rappaport; Longaretti (1994) e Renner; Sicardy (2006). Estes trabalhos mostram que o uso de elementos orbitais osculadores, em simulações de partículas que orbitam corpos que são muito achatados, não é adequada. Assim sendo, utilizamos esses novos elementos em nossas simulações considerando apenas o termo J 2 e o efeito de altas excentricidades, que antes ocorria, foi corrigido. No entanto, ao adicionarmos o termo C 22 , a excentricidade das órbitas das partículas voltou a aumentar significativamente, efeito que havia ocorrido quando usamos elementos osculadores nas simulações considerando o termo J 2 . Então, fazemos uma discussão sobre uma possível forma de diminuir a excentricidade provocada pela elipticidade de Chariklo. Por fim, além do estudo sobre a dinâmica das partículas este trabalho conta com uma análise, usando seções de Poincaré, de uma possível ressonância responsável pela estabilidade dos anéis. / Chariklo’s stellar occultations in 2013 revealed something that was unknown to date: particle rings around a celestial body of the Solar system other than a planet. This fact has aroused the interest of the scientific community on issues such as the process of forming these rings, how long they will exist, how likely Chariklo bodies are to have rings or how stable they are around of a small object, compared to the planets. In this work we are interested in determining Chariklo’s physical model by maintaining the current structure of the rings. We believe that this centaur is a body similar to an ellipsoid, but we do not know exactly the dimensions of its physical axes a, b, and c. The ratios between the values of these semi axes result in different values for the Chariklo flattening and ellipticity terms which can be represented by the terms J2 and C22 in its gravitational potential. In addition to determining the limits for the Chariklo form, we also want to study the effects of flattening and ellipticity on the dynamics of ring particles. For this, we did numerical simulations using an integrator that takes into account the terms related to the coefficients J2 and C22. The system we integrate is composed of Chariklo being orbited by a particle approximately the same distance as the rings, making use of the orbital osculating elements. The objective of these simulations was to reproduce the physical characteristics of the rings obtained through stellar occultations, however we can only do this reproduction using values of J2 and C22 very small, which contradicts the hypothesis of the centaur to have significant differences between their physical semi axis. For values greater than J2 and C22 the particles describe orbits with very high eccentricities, generating a large variation in the orbital radius. Therefore, we proceed to study the system making use of the geometric orbital elements found in the Borderies; Longaretti (1987), Longaretti; Borderies (1991), Borderies-Rappaport; Longaretti (1994) and Renner; Sicardy (2006). These studies show that the use of orbital osculating elements in simulations of particles orbiting bodies that are very flattened is not adequate. Therefore, we use these new elements in our simulations considering only the term J2 and the effect of high eccentricity that before happened was corrected. However, in addition to adding the term C22, an eccentricity of the orbits of the particles has again increased significantly, an effect that has occurred when using osculating elements in the simulations considering the term J2. So we did discuss about a possible way to lessen the eccentricity brought about by Chariklo’s elipticity. Finally, besides the study on the dynamics of the particles, this work has an analysis, using sections of Poincaré, of a possible resonance responsible for the stability of the rings. / 16/03727-7